Abstract
The doctrine of the Trinity, which occupies an important place in Christianity and forms the basis of the principles of faith, has been interpreted in different ways by churches in the historical process. Discussions on the issue that started in the II century between churches settled the place and mission of the Father and the Son in faith in the Council of Nicaea in 325 AD, and the place of the Holy Spirit in the Trinity in the general council held in Istanbul in 381. Muslims have also written refutations to Christian exegesis about the Trinity in almost every period in the historical process. In their criticism of the Trinity, Muslim scholars focused more on the elements in the Trinity, and the relationship between the divine (lahuti) and human (nasuti) natures attributed to Jesus in terms of being ancient and Hadith, rather than rational proof. In the same way, they focused on the relationship of the Holy Spirit with the Father and the Son and the logic of interpretations related to this relationship. In this point Qadi Abdulcabbar, a Muslim theologian living in the 10th century AD, made serious criticisms of the Trinity. In the periods after Qadi Abdulcabbar, scholars such as Al-Jahiz, Al-Tabari, Al-Kindi, and Al-Shahrastani also directed various criticisms to the views of Christians regarding the Trinity. This article evaluates the Trinity and Christians' perception of the Trinity, the views of existing Christian denominations on the Trinity during the period of Qadi Abdulcabbar and the criticisms directed at them by Qadi Abdulcabbar.