Abstract
The second half of the twentieth century has an important place in both Islam and Europe. Because many Muslims had to live in Europe for various reasons since these dates. But, the modern, secular public consciousness of Europe is generally quite disturbed by both the presence of Muslims and their increasing visibility. On the other hand, it is clear that Islam is now an undeniable part of Europe. Accordingly, today there is a strong expectation that the demands of the Muslims in Europe and the demands of the European nations and governments should be reconciled. In this study, it is argued that this expectation is formed on the basis of European sociology. In other words, this study argues that the sociology of this event has become more important than its theology, so a real adaptation process will be sociological rather than theological-based. Because existing theological channels seem far from establishing a realistic consensus under current conditions. This does not mean that Islamic theology will disappear, but that this theology and some of its related practices will be rewritten in European conditions. The concept of "European Islam", which is used to express a practical understanding of Islam based on Europe, finds its meaning again in this concept. It can be mentioned that there are two categorical meanings about "European Islam", one of which is of a political nature and the other of a civil nature. Whether it refers to an assimilationist policy or is based on apolitical intellectual efforts, the ground on which both meanings are based is European conditions. The meaning of this for the future is that some new European-based Islamic schools such as "Germany School" and "England School" will be discussed.