Research Article

The Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies and Sequence Determination in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Volume: 9 Number: 2 August 29, 2025
TR EN

The Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies and Sequence Determination in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract

Objectives: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pathologies is a general term for pain and dysfunction of the TMJ complex and masticatory muscles. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for evaluating the TMJ complex, disc-condylar relationship and disc displacement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT version 4.0 (ChatGPT-V4) in identifying TMJ pathologies, slice plane and sequence in MR images. Materials and Methods: One hundred MR images of patients with bilateral TMJ pathology (200 TMJs) were recorded. TMJ pathologies, slice plane, sequence of the MR images and ChatGPT responses were evaluated. The subheadings in the ChatGPT-V4 answers were recorded as true if present in the image and false if not. The slice plane was categorized as true-false and the sequence as true-false-missing. Results: In all images, ChatGPT-V4 correctly recognized the slice plane. The correct MR sequence recognition rate was 81.5%. Missing sequence recognition rate was 12% on both sides. It failed to identify the fat-suppressed sequences. ChatGPT-V4 misidentified the sequence in 6.5% of the images. The accuracy of ChatGPT-V4 in identifying TMJ pathologies remained at 50.7%. ChatGPT-V4 achieved the highest accuracy in the diagnosis of anterior disc dislocation and osteoarthritis. Conclusions: ChatGPT-V4 can be relied upon to control the slice plane and sequence of MR images. The results show that ChatGPT-V4 is currently limited in its ability to produce responses related to TMJ pathologies on MR images. Therefore, ChatGPT cannot replace a dentist and physicians should be aware of this limitation during their use of chatGPT to check for TMJ pathologies.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

None

Ethical Statement

The study was approved by the institutional board of Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Ethics Committee with the number 07 and dated 19.03.2025.

Thanks

None

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dentistry (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Early Pub Date

August 29, 2025

Publication Date

August 29, 2025

Submission Date

April 19, 2025

Acceptance Date

June 26, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 9 Number: 2

APA
Serindere, G., Aktuna Belgin, C., & Gündüz, K. (2025). The Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies and Sequence Determination in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. European Journal of Research in Dentistry, 9(2), 98-103. https://doi.org/10.29228/erd.100
AMA
1.Serindere G, Aktuna Belgin C, Gündüz K. The Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies and Sequence Determination in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Eur. J. res. Dent. (ERD). 2025;9(2):98-103. doi:10.29228/erd.100
Chicago
Serindere, Gözde, Ceren Aktuna Belgin, and Kaan Gündüz. 2025. “The Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies and Sequence Determination in Magnetic Resonance Imaging”. European Journal of Research in Dentistry 9 (2): 98-103. https://doi.org/10.29228/erd.100.
EndNote
Serindere G, Aktuna Belgin C, Gündüz K (August 1, 2025) The Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies and Sequence Determination in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. European Journal of Research in Dentistry 9 2 98–103.
IEEE
[1]G. Serindere, C. Aktuna Belgin, and K. Gündüz, “The Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies and Sequence Determination in Magnetic Resonance Imaging”, Eur. J. res. Dent. (ERD), vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 98–103, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.29228/erd.100.
ISNAD
Serindere, Gözde - Aktuna Belgin, Ceren - Gündüz, Kaan. “The Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies and Sequence Determination in Magnetic Resonance Imaging”. European Journal of Research in Dentistry 9/2 (August 1, 2025): 98-103. https://doi.org/10.29228/erd.100.
JAMA
1.Serindere G, Aktuna Belgin C, Gündüz K. The Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies and Sequence Determination in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Eur. J. res. Dent. (ERD). 2025;9:98–103.
MLA
Serindere, Gözde, et al. “The Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies and Sequence Determination in Magnetic Resonance Imaging”. European Journal of Research in Dentistry, vol. 9, no. 2, Aug. 2025, pp. 98-103, doi:10.29228/erd.100.
Vancouver
1.Gözde Serindere, Ceren Aktuna Belgin, Kaan Gündüz. The Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Temporomandibular Joint Pathologies and Sequence Determination in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Eur. J. res. Dent. (ERD). 2025 Aug. 1;9(2):98-103. doi:10.29228/erd.100