Levan Bazlı Hidrojellerin Dental Pulpa Kaynaklı Mezenkimal Kök Hücreler Üzerinde Canlılık Testlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu in vitro çalışmada, anti-enflamatuar özelliğe sahip olan levan bazlı hidrojellerin ve pulpa kuafajı tedavilerinde yaygın olarak kullanılan iki materyal olan mineral trioksit agregat (MTA) ve trikalsiyum silikat bazlı Biodentin (Septodont)'in, dental pulpa kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücrelerin (DPSCs) canlılıkları üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Levansükraz enzimi kullanılarak enzimatik levan (EL) sentezlenmiş, ardından EL’ye 1:1 oranında nanohidroksiapatit (nHAP) eklenerek ikinci bir hidrojel formülasyonu elde edilmiştir. MTA, Biodentin ve hidrojeller kompleks Dublecco’ s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) solüsyonu içerisinde 3 gün inkübe edilerek özütleri hazırlanmıştır. Dental pulpa kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücreler (DPSC’ler), her bir kuyucuğa 100.000 hücre olacak şekilde 96 kuyucuklu plaklara ekilmiştir. Deney gruplarına ait steril ajanlarla hazırlanan özütler hücrelere uygulanmış ve hücre canlılığı 24., 48. ve 120. saatlerde değerlendirilmiştir. Hücre canlılığı ve mitokondriyal aktivite MTT analizi ile ölçülmüş; elde edilen veriler One-way ANOVA testi ve Tukey testi ile analiz edilmiştir (p<0.05). Bulgular: 48. saatte, levan bazlı hidrojeller hücre canlılığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış göstermiştir (başlangıç ortalaması: 164,2; 48. saat ortalaması: 123,4); ancak 120. saate gelindiğinde belirgin bir düşüş gözlenmiştir (başlangıç ortalaması: 73,4; 120. saat ortalaması: 22,0). Buna karşılık, MTA grubunda 120 saatlik süre boyunca hücre canlılığında sürekli bir artış gözlenmiş ve ortalama 219,8’e ulaşmıştır. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın limitasyonları dâhilinde elde edilen bulgular, levan bazlı hidrojellerin kısa vadede hücre canlılığı üzerinde olumlu etkiler gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır; ancak mineral trioksit agregatın daha uzun süreli ve kalıcı bir etki sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• dental pulpa kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücre
• hidrojel
• levan

Evaluation of Viability Tests of Levan-Based Hydrogels on Dental Pulp-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

Objectives: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of levan-based hydrogels recognized for their anti-inflammatory properties on the viability of dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs), and to compare them with two commonly used pulp capping materials: mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine. Materials and Methods: Enzymatic levan (EL) hydrogel was synthesized using the levansucrase enzyme. A second formulation, EL/ nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP), was prepared by incorporating nHAP in a 1:1 ratio. MTA, Biodentine, and both hydrogel formulations were incubated in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) for 3 days to generate extracts. DPSCs were seeded in 96-well plates at a density of 100,000 cells per plate. The extracts were applied to the cells, and viability was assessed at 24, 48, and 120 hours using the MTT assay. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (p<0.05). Results: Levan-based hydrogels showed enhanced cell viability at 48 hours (mean: 123.4), suggesting short-term biocompatibility. However, by 120 hours, cell viability significantly declined (mean: 22.0). In contrast, MTA exhibited a gradual and sustained increase in viability over the same period, reaching a mean of 219.8 at 120 hours. Biodentine presented intermediate effects between the hydrogels and MTA. Conclusions: Levan-based hydrogels demonstrated promising short-term biocompatibility with DPSCs. However, MTA may provide a more stable environment conducive to long-term cell viability. These findings support further investigation into the optimization of levan-based formulations for pulp capping applications.

Keywords

• dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells
• hydrogel
• levan

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