11–12 Yaş Arası Yüzücülerde Ayak Vuruş Hızı ile Alt Ekstremite Eklem Açıları Arasındaki İlişki

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, serbest stil ayak vuruşu sırasında oluşan diz eklem açısı ve ayak bileği plantar fleksiyon açılarının ayak vuruş performansı ile ilişkisini incelenmektir. Araştırmaya düzenli olarak yüzme antrenmanlarına katılan ve iki yıllık yüzme deneyimine sahip yaş ortalaması 11,40±0,50 yıl olan toplam 20 erkek yüzücü katılmıştır. Katılımcıların antropometrik ölçümleri, ayak bileği plantar fleksiyon açıları ve 25 metre tahtalı serbest ayak vuruş performansları ölçülmüştür. Diz eklem açısı analizleri Kinovea 2024.1.1 yazılımı kullanılarak 5–10 m, 20–25 m geçişleri ve 25 m toplam yüzme mesafeleri üzerinden ayrı ayrı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayak vuruşu hızları m/sn cinsinden hesaplanmış ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre 5–10 m, 20–25 m ve 25 m toplam ayak vuruşu hızları ile diz eklem açısı ve ayak bileği plantar fleksiyon açıları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Buna karşın 20–25 m sağ diz eklem açısı ile ayak vuruşu hızı arasında anlamlılığa yakın bir ilişki saptanmıştır (r=-0,424; p=0,062). Buna ek olarak 5–10 m ayak vuruşu hızının 20–25 m ayak vuruşu hızına göre anlamlı düzeyde daha hızlı olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.001). Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda çocuk yaş grubundaki erkek yüzücülerde ayak vuruş performansının yalnızca diz eklem açısı ve ayak bileği plantar fleksiyon açısı ile açıklanamayacağı; teknik koordinasyon, kas kuvveti, hidrodinamik yapı ve nöromüsküler faktörlerin performans üzerinde etkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Yüzme biyomekaniği
• Serbest stil ayak vuruşu
• Diz açısı
• Plantar fleksiyon
• Çocuk yüzücüler

11–12 Yaş Arası Yüzücülerde Ayak Vuruş Hızı ile Alt Ekstremite Eklem Açıları Arasındaki İlişki

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between flutter kick performance and knee joint angle and ankle plantar flexion angle during freestyle kicking. A total of 20 male swimmers with a mean age of 11.40±0.50 years, who regularly participated in swimming training and had at least two years of swimming experience, participated in the study. Anthropometric measurements, ankle plantar flexion angles, and 25-meter kickboard freestyle kicking performances of the participants were measured. Knee joint angle analyses were performed separately over the 5–10 m, 20–25 m transition phases, and total 25 m swimming distance using Kinovea 2024.1.1 software. Kicking velocities were calculated in m/s, and the relationships between variables were evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis. According to the findings, no statistically significant relationship was found between 5–10 m, 20–25 m, and total 25 m kicking velocities and knee joint angle and ankle plantar flexion angle variables (p>0.05). However, a near-significant relationship was observed between the right knee joint angle and kicking velocity during the 20–25 m phase (r=-0.424; p=0.062). In addition, kicking velocity during the 5–10 m phase was found to be significantly faster than during the 20–25 m phase (p<0.001). Based on the findings, flutter kick performance in young male swimmers cannot be explained solely by knee joint angle and ankle plantar flexion angle; technical coordination, muscular strength, hydrodynamic structure, and neuromuscular factors may also influence performance.

Keywords

• Swimming biomechanics
• Flutter kick
• Knee angle
• Plantar flexion
• Youth swimmers

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