Research Article
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The role of ICTs in South African public schools’ athletics during the COVID-19 pandemic

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 16 - 42, 30.06.2022

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has thrown education in turmoil, globally, resulting in many challenges for quality education and associated activities, such as sports, to continue. This study’s foci are on what detrimental effects of discontinued athletics have on the learner athletes; how ICTs utilisation can mitigate these effects and enable continued athletics participation and coaching. A qualitative research approach was employed. Purposive, convenient sampling method was used to select the participants. Data was collected by conducting a face-to-face interview with the coach; examining his artefacts; two focus group interviews with learner athletes and semi-structured questionnaires for their parents to complete. The data was arranged manually according to categories and themes. The findings and recommendations were aligned to the third stage of the Crisis Recovery Stages of Wa-Mbaleka and Costa’ model and the research questions were answered.

Supporting Institution

University of South Africa

Project Number

Ethical Clearance 2021/03/10/1127381/01/AM

Thanks

Thank you for the opportunity

References

  • Agee, J. 2009. Developing qualitative research questions: a reflective process. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 22(4): 431-447.
  • Alzain, H.A. 2019. The role of social networks in supporting collaborative E-learning based on connectivism theory among students of PNU. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 20(2): 46-63.
  • Aras Bozkurt, Insung Jung, Junhong Xiao, Viviane Vladimirschi, Robert Schuwer, Gennady Egorov, Sarah R. Lambert, et al. 2020. A global outlook to the interruption of education due to COVID-19 pandemic: Navigating in a time of uncertainty and crisis. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1): 1-126.
  • Carreño, I. 2014. Theory of Connectivity as an Emergent Solution to Innovative Learning Strategies. American Journal of Educational Research, 2(2): 107-116. DOI: 10.12691/education-1-1-7
  • Černý, M. 2020. Connectivism in phenomenological-pragmatist tradition. e-Pedagogium, 11: 7-24. DOI: 10.5507/esp.2020.017
  • Chen, P., Mao,L., Nassis, G.P., Harmer,P., Ainsworth, B.E. and Li, F. 2020. Returning Chinese school-aged children and adolescents to physical activity in the wake of COVID-19: Actions and precautions. Journal of Sports and Health Science, 9: 322-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.04.003
  • Department: Sport and Recreation South Africa 2012. The White Paper on Sport and Recreation for the Republic of South Africa. Pretoria: Government Printers.
  • Department of Basic Education, 2011. Call for Public Comments on the Draft School Sport Policy, No. 1025, Government Notice (9 December 2011 No. 34830 3). Pretoria:. Government Printers
  • Department of Basic Education, 2015. Action plan to 2019 towards the realization of schooling 2030 taking forward South Africa’s National Development Plan 2030, Department of Education, Pertoria.
  • Dӧrnyei, Z. 2007. Research Methods in Applied Linguistics. New York: Oxford University Press. Downes, S. 2019. Recent work in connectivism. European Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning. 22(2): 113-132. DOI: 10.2478/eurodl-2019-0014
  • Evans, A.B., Blackwell, J., Dolan, P., Fahlén, J., Hoekman, R., Lenneis, V., McNarry, G., Smith, M. and Wilcock, L. 2020. Sport in the face of COVID-19 pandemic: towards an agenda for research in the sociology of sport. European Journal of Sport and Society, 17(2): 85-95. DOI: 10.1080/16138171.2020.1765100.
  • Flaws, J. 2021. What I wish I could tell my coach: high school athletes’ thoughts on the performance of their coaches. The Physical Educator, 78: 82-108.
  • Garcia-Garcia, B., James, M., Koller, D., Lindholm, J., Mavromati, D., Parrish, R. and Rodenberg, R. 2020. The impact of Covid-19 on sports: a mid-way assessment. The International Sports Law Journal, 20: 115-119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40318-020-00174-8
  • Hurley, O.A. 2021. Sport cyberpsychology in action during the COVID-19 pandemic (opportunities, challenges, and future possibilities: Narrative review. Front. Psychol. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621283
  • Isidori, E. 2020. Sports pedagogy at the time of COVID-19. MURCIA 15(16): 145-146.
  • Karakaya, F., Adıgüzel, M., Üçüncü, G., Cimen, O. and Yilmaz, M. 2021. Teachers’views towards the effects Covid-19 pandemic in the education process in Turkey. Participatory Educational Research, 8(2): 17-30. DOI.org/10.17275/per.21.27.8.2
  • Kelly, A.L., Erickson, K. and Turnnidge, J. 2020. Youth sport in the time of COVID-19: considerations for researchers and practitioners. Managing Sport and Leisure. DOI: 10.1080/23750472.2020.1788975
  • Kennedy, M. 2020. The chaos of coming back. American school & university ASUMAG.COM. 22-25.
  • Merriam, S.B. and Grenier, R.S. 2019. Qualitative Research in Practice: Examples for discussion and analysis. 2nd edition. USA: Jossey-Bass A Wiley Brand ISBN 9781119452638 (epub)
  • Mitra, R., Moore, S.A., Gillespie, M., Faulkner,G., Vanderloo, L.M., Chulak-Bozzer, T., Rhodes, R.E., Brussoni, M. and Tremblay, M.S. 2020. Healthy movement behaviours in children and youth during the COVID-19 pandemic: Exploring the role of the neighbourhood environment. Health & Place, 65: 1-9.
  • Olesen, J.S., Nielsen, J.C. and Søndergaard, D.M. 2020. Disassembling and reassembling a sports talent. Journal of Current Cultural Research, 12(2): 311-331.
  • Patriajati, S., Sriatmi, A. and Devi, A.D.K. 2020. Student’s compliance in doing physical activities during COVID-19 pandemic. ISPHE, 530-538. DOI 10.4108/eai.22-7-2020.2300317
  • Ramagole, D.A., Janse van Rensburg, D.C., Pillay, L., Viviers, P., Zondi, P. and Patricios, J. 2020. Implications of COVID-19 for resumption of sport in South Africa: A South African Sports Medicine Association (SASMA) position statement – Part 2. SAJSM, 32(1): 1-5.
  • Russo, C.J. & Rodriguez, C.T. 2020. Student supervision: keeping schools safe in the wake of COVID-19. Legal Issues. Asbointl.org. School business affairs.
  • SAIIA, 2020. COVID-19: implications for the “digital divide” in Africa. Opinion & Analysis. African Initiatives, Technology. Accessed 13 November 2020.
  • SAIIA, 2020. COVID-19: Implications for the ‘digital divide’ in Africa. Africa Portal.
  • Siemens, G. 2004. Connectivism: A Learning Theory for the Digital Age. Elearnspace everything elearning
  • Smith, W.R. 2020. A Post-COVID-19 lifestyle sport research agenda: communication, risk, and organizational challenges. International Journal of Sport Communication, 13(3): 352-360. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2020-0215.
  • Sowier-Kasprzyk, I. and Widawska-Stanisz, A. 2020. Changes in attitudes of consumers of sports and recreational services in the context of Covid-19. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(5): 2939-2944. ISSN: 2247 – 806: p-ISSN: 2247-8051 – L = 2247 – 8051C JPES DOI:10.7752/jpes.2020.s5399
  • Wa-Mbaleka, S. and Costa, A.P. 2020. Qualitative research in the time of a disaster like COVID-19. Revista Lusófona de Educação, 48: 11-26. Doi: 10.24140/issn.1645-7250.rle48.01
  • Wikipedia, 2020. Sustainable Development Goals. Accessed on 12 January 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_Goals#Education
  • Wong, A.Y., Ling, S.K., Louie, L.H., Law, G.Y., So, R.C., Lee, D.C., Yau, F. C. and Yung, P.S. 2020. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports and exercise. Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology, 20: 39-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asmart.2020.07.0 06
  • Yang, Q, Hwang, G an Sung, H. 2020. Trends and research issues of mobile learning studies in physical education: a review of academic journal publications. Interactive learning environments, 28(4): 419-437
Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 16 - 42, 30.06.2022

Abstract

Project Number

Ethical Clearance 2021/03/10/1127381/01/AM

References

  • Agee, J. 2009. Developing qualitative research questions: a reflective process. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 22(4): 431-447.
  • Alzain, H.A. 2019. The role of social networks in supporting collaborative E-learning based on connectivism theory among students of PNU. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 20(2): 46-63.
  • Aras Bozkurt, Insung Jung, Junhong Xiao, Viviane Vladimirschi, Robert Schuwer, Gennady Egorov, Sarah R. Lambert, et al. 2020. A global outlook to the interruption of education due to COVID-19 pandemic: Navigating in a time of uncertainty and crisis. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1): 1-126.
  • Carreño, I. 2014. Theory of Connectivity as an Emergent Solution to Innovative Learning Strategies. American Journal of Educational Research, 2(2): 107-116. DOI: 10.12691/education-1-1-7
  • Černý, M. 2020. Connectivism in phenomenological-pragmatist tradition. e-Pedagogium, 11: 7-24. DOI: 10.5507/esp.2020.017
  • Chen, P., Mao,L., Nassis, G.P., Harmer,P., Ainsworth, B.E. and Li, F. 2020. Returning Chinese school-aged children and adolescents to physical activity in the wake of COVID-19: Actions and precautions. Journal of Sports and Health Science, 9: 322-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.04.003
  • Department: Sport and Recreation South Africa 2012. The White Paper on Sport and Recreation for the Republic of South Africa. Pretoria: Government Printers.
  • Department of Basic Education, 2011. Call for Public Comments on the Draft School Sport Policy, No. 1025, Government Notice (9 December 2011 No. 34830 3). Pretoria:. Government Printers
  • Department of Basic Education, 2015. Action plan to 2019 towards the realization of schooling 2030 taking forward South Africa’s National Development Plan 2030, Department of Education, Pertoria.
  • Dӧrnyei, Z. 2007. Research Methods in Applied Linguistics. New York: Oxford University Press. Downes, S. 2019. Recent work in connectivism. European Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning. 22(2): 113-132. DOI: 10.2478/eurodl-2019-0014
  • Evans, A.B., Blackwell, J., Dolan, P., Fahlén, J., Hoekman, R., Lenneis, V., McNarry, G., Smith, M. and Wilcock, L. 2020. Sport in the face of COVID-19 pandemic: towards an agenda for research in the sociology of sport. European Journal of Sport and Society, 17(2): 85-95. DOI: 10.1080/16138171.2020.1765100.
  • Flaws, J. 2021. What I wish I could tell my coach: high school athletes’ thoughts on the performance of their coaches. The Physical Educator, 78: 82-108.
  • Garcia-Garcia, B., James, M., Koller, D., Lindholm, J., Mavromati, D., Parrish, R. and Rodenberg, R. 2020. The impact of Covid-19 on sports: a mid-way assessment. The International Sports Law Journal, 20: 115-119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40318-020-00174-8
  • Hurley, O.A. 2021. Sport cyberpsychology in action during the COVID-19 pandemic (opportunities, challenges, and future possibilities: Narrative review. Front. Psychol. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621283
  • Isidori, E. 2020. Sports pedagogy at the time of COVID-19. MURCIA 15(16): 145-146.
  • Karakaya, F., Adıgüzel, M., Üçüncü, G., Cimen, O. and Yilmaz, M. 2021. Teachers’views towards the effects Covid-19 pandemic in the education process in Turkey. Participatory Educational Research, 8(2): 17-30. DOI.org/10.17275/per.21.27.8.2
  • Kelly, A.L., Erickson, K. and Turnnidge, J. 2020. Youth sport in the time of COVID-19: considerations for researchers and practitioners. Managing Sport and Leisure. DOI: 10.1080/23750472.2020.1788975
  • Kennedy, M. 2020. The chaos of coming back. American school & university ASUMAG.COM. 22-25.
  • Merriam, S.B. and Grenier, R.S. 2019. Qualitative Research in Practice: Examples for discussion and analysis. 2nd edition. USA: Jossey-Bass A Wiley Brand ISBN 9781119452638 (epub)
  • Mitra, R., Moore, S.A., Gillespie, M., Faulkner,G., Vanderloo, L.M., Chulak-Bozzer, T., Rhodes, R.E., Brussoni, M. and Tremblay, M.S. 2020. Healthy movement behaviours in children and youth during the COVID-19 pandemic: Exploring the role of the neighbourhood environment. Health & Place, 65: 1-9.
  • Olesen, J.S., Nielsen, J.C. and Søndergaard, D.M. 2020. Disassembling and reassembling a sports talent. Journal of Current Cultural Research, 12(2): 311-331.
  • Patriajati, S., Sriatmi, A. and Devi, A.D.K. 2020. Student’s compliance in doing physical activities during COVID-19 pandemic. ISPHE, 530-538. DOI 10.4108/eai.22-7-2020.2300317
  • Ramagole, D.A., Janse van Rensburg, D.C., Pillay, L., Viviers, P., Zondi, P. and Patricios, J. 2020. Implications of COVID-19 for resumption of sport in South Africa: A South African Sports Medicine Association (SASMA) position statement – Part 2. SAJSM, 32(1): 1-5.
  • Russo, C.J. & Rodriguez, C.T. 2020. Student supervision: keeping schools safe in the wake of COVID-19. Legal Issues. Asbointl.org. School business affairs.
  • SAIIA, 2020. COVID-19: implications for the “digital divide” in Africa. Opinion & Analysis. African Initiatives, Technology. Accessed 13 November 2020.
  • SAIIA, 2020. COVID-19: Implications for the ‘digital divide’ in Africa. Africa Portal.
  • Siemens, G. 2004. Connectivism: A Learning Theory for the Digital Age. Elearnspace everything elearning
  • Smith, W.R. 2020. A Post-COVID-19 lifestyle sport research agenda: communication, risk, and organizational challenges. International Journal of Sport Communication, 13(3): 352-360. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2020-0215.
  • Sowier-Kasprzyk, I. and Widawska-Stanisz, A. 2020. Changes in attitudes of consumers of sports and recreational services in the context of Covid-19. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(5): 2939-2944. ISSN: 2247 – 806: p-ISSN: 2247-8051 – L = 2247 – 8051C JPES DOI:10.7752/jpes.2020.s5399
  • Wa-Mbaleka, S. and Costa, A.P. 2020. Qualitative research in the time of a disaster like COVID-19. Revista Lusófona de Educação, 48: 11-26. Doi: 10.24140/issn.1645-7250.rle48.01
  • Wikipedia, 2020. Sustainable Development Goals. Accessed on 12 January 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_Goals#Education
  • Wong, A.Y., Ling, S.K., Louie, L.H., Law, G.Y., So, R.C., Lee, D.C., Yau, F. C. and Yung, P.S. 2020. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports and exercise. Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology, 20: 39-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asmart.2020.07.0 06
  • Yang, Q, Hwang, G an Sung, H. 2020. Trends and research issues of mobile learning studies in physical education: a review of academic journal publications. Interactive learning environments, 28(4): 419-437
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Norma Nel

Soezin Krog

Project Number Ethical Clearance 2021/03/10/1127381/01/AM
Publication Date June 30, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Nel, N., & Krog, S. (2022). The role of ICTs in South African public schools’ athletics during the COVID-19 pandemic. Education Reform Journal, 7(1), 16-42.