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THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN CONSTITUTIONAL SYSTEMS

Year 2015, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 145 - 162, 30.06.2015

Abstract

It was not until the end of the 18th century that fundamental human rights and freedoms, one of the most remarkable indicators and elements of democracy, have attained constitutional guarantees. The steps have been taken to provide human rights with protection at the 20th century in the international arena have been reflected at the national level and human rights have attained Constitutional Status in many countries.

This study addressing the process of being guaranteed of fundamental human rights and freedoms in constitutional systems will focus on the instruments and mechanicms devoted to the effective protection of human rights. In this regard, the indispensability of the principle of Separation of Powers in terms of the protection of human rights, the impacts of the forms of constitutions and of government types on the protection of human rights, and the models of Continental and American Constitutional Review will be discussed.

References

  • 1. Adler, J., 2011. 8th ed., Constitutional and Administrative Law. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • 2. Al-Ali, Z., 2013. Egypt's Third Constitution in Three Years: A Critical Analysis. [Online]. (s.l.): International IDEA. Available at: http://www.idea.int/wana/egypts-thirdconstitution- in-three-years-a-critical-analysis.cfm. [Accessed 18th August 2014].
  • 3. Andrade, G. F., 2001. Comparative Constitutional Law: Judicial Review. Journal of Constitutional Law, 3(3), pp. 977-989.
  • 4. Atasoy, H., 2012. Constitutional Complaint in Turkish Law. TAAD, 3 (9), pp. 71-98.
  • 5. Barendt, E., 1998. An Introduction to Constitutional Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • 6. Benz, A., 2013. Balancing Rigidity and Flexibility: Constitutional Dynamics in Federal Systems. West European Politics, 36 (4), pp. 726-749.
  • 7. Bilgin, A., 2003. Genel ve Türk Hukuk Tarihi Yönünden İnsan Haklarının Analizi. Yeni Türkiye Dergisi.
  • 8. Bradley, A. W. and Ewing, K. D., 2011. Constitutional and Administrative Law. 15th ed. Harlow: Longman.
  • 9. Chrimes, S.B., 1953. English Constitutional History. London: Oxford University Press.
  • 10. Council of Europe Venice Commission, Draft Study on Individual Access to Constitutional Justice, CDL-JU (2010)018rev, 11 October 2010
  • 11. Cranston, M., 1973. What are Human Rights? London: The Bodley Head.
  • 12. Efe, H., Demirci, M., 2013. The Concept of the Ombudsman and Expectations from the Ombudsman Institution in Turkey. Sayıştay Dergisi, 90, pp. 49-72.
  • 13. Elster, J., 1995. Forces and Mechanisms in the Constitution-Making Process. Duke Law Journal, 45 (2), pp. 364-396.
  • 14. Fendoglu, H. T., 2013. Public Auditorship (Ombudsmanship) and Right to Constitutional Complaint to the Constitutional Court. Ankara Bar Review, 4, pp.23-49.
  • 15. Ferreres-Comella, V., 2000. A defence of Constitutional Rigidity. Analisi e Diritto. pp.45-68.
  • 16. Gozler, K., 2011. Anayasa Hukukunun Genel Teorisi-Cilt II [The General Theory of Constitutional Law] Volume II. Bursa: Ekin Yayınevi.
  • 17. Gülsoy, M. T., 2007. Özgürlüklerin Korunmasında Anayasa Yargısının Yeri ve Meşruluğu. Ankara: Yetkin Yayınları.
  • 18. Kilinc, B., 2008. Karşılaştırmalı Anayasa Yargısında Bireysel Başvuru Kurumu ve Türkiye Açısından Uygulanabilirliği. Anayasa Yargısı, 25, pp. 19-59.
  • 19. Köküsarı, İ., 2011. Hak Arama Özgürlüğü ve 2010 Anayasa Değişikliği. Gazi Universitesi Hukuk Fakultesi Dergisi, 1, pp. 163-208.
  • 20. Montesquieu, 1748. The Spirit of Laws [De l'Esprit des Lois]. Translated from the French by Thomas Nugent. Botache Books: Kitchener
  • 21. Murati, G., n.d.. The Independence of the Judiciary and Its Role in the Protection of Human Rights under UN Administration Using the Case of Kosovo. [Online]. Available at: http://www.esil-sedi.eu/sites/default/files/Murati_0.PDF. [Accessed 18th August 2014].
  • 22. Keith, L. C., 2002. Judicial Independence and Human Rights Protection around the World. Judicature, 85 (4), pp. 195-200.
  • 23. Marbury v. Madison [1803] 5 US 137.
  • 24. Ozbudun, E., 2005. Anayasa Hukuku. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayını.
  • 25. Parpworth, N., 2012. 7th ed., Constitutional and Administrative Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • 26. Perry, M. J., 1998. The Idea of Human Rights: Four Inquiries. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • 27. Rasch, B. E., 2008. Foundations of Constitutional Stability: Veto Points, Qualified Majorities, and Agenda-Setting Rules in Amendment Procedures. ECPR Joint Sessions of Workshops, pp. 1-45.
  • 28. Rathbone, M., 2014. The Human Rights Act: a Magna Carta for the twenty-first century?.[Online]. (s.l.): Political Studies Association. Available at: http://magnacarta800th.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Rathbone-Essay-Human- Rights-Act-and-Magna-Carta.pdf. [Accessed: 19th August 2014].
  • 29. Reif, L. C., 2000. Building Democratic Institutions: The Role of National Human Rights Institutions in Good Governance and Human Rights Protection. Harvard Human Rights Law Journal, 13, pp. 1-70.
  • 30. Schor, M., 2008.Judical Review and American Constitutional Exceptionalism. Osgoode Hall Law Journal, 46, pp. 535-563.
  • 31. Singh, T. B., 1996. Principle of Separation of Powers and Concentration of Authority. Judicial Training and Research Institute Journal, 4&5, pp. 1-11.
  • 32. Sweet, A. S., 2007. Politics of Constitutional Review of Legislation in France and Europe. International Journal of Constitutional Law, 5 (1), pp. 69-92.
  • 33. Tanchev, E., n.d.. Constitutional Control in Comparative and Bulgarian Prospective. [Online]. Available at: http://www.venice.coe.int/wccj/Papers/BUL_ Tanchev_E.pdf. [Accessed: 22nd August 2014].
  • 34. The United Nations Charter, 1945
  • 35. The World Conference on Human Rights, Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, 1993.
  • 36. Uygun, O., 2000. İnsan Hakları Kuramı. Istanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
  • 37. Whittington, K. E., 2013. The Status of Unwritten Constitutional Conventions in the United States. University of Illinois Law Review, 5, pp. 101-124.
Year 2015, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 145 - 162, 30.06.2015

Abstract

References

  • 1. Adler, J., 2011. 8th ed., Constitutional and Administrative Law. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • 2. Al-Ali, Z., 2013. Egypt's Third Constitution in Three Years: A Critical Analysis. [Online]. (s.l.): International IDEA. Available at: http://www.idea.int/wana/egypts-thirdconstitution- in-three-years-a-critical-analysis.cfm. [Accessed 18th August 2014].
  • 3. Andrade, G. F., 2001. Comparative Constitutional Law: Judicial Review. Journal of Constitutional Law, 3(3), pp. 977-989.
  • 4. Atasoy, H., 2012. Constitutional Complaint in Turkish Law. TAAD, 3 (9), pp. 71-98.
  • 5. Barendt, E., 1998. An Introduction to Constitutional Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • 6. Benz, A., 2013. Balancing Rigidity and Flexibility: Constitutional Dynamics in Federal Systems. West European Politics, 36 (4), pp. 726-749.
  • 7. Bilgin, A., 2003. Genel ve Türk Hukuk Tarihi Yönünden İnsan Haklarının Analizi. Yeni Türkiye Dergisi.
  • 8. Bradley, A. W. and Ewing, K. D., 2011. Constitutional and Administrative Law. 15th ed. Harlow: Longman.
  • 9. Chrimes, S.B., 1953. English Constitutional History. London: Oxford University Press.
  • 10. Council of Europe Venice Commission, Draft Study on Individual Access to Constitutional Justice, CDL-JU (2010)018rev, 11 October 2010
  • 11. Cranston, M., 1973. What are Human Rights? London: The Bodley Head.
  • 12. Efe, H., Demirci, M., 2013. The Concept of the Ombudsman and Expectations from the Ombudsman Institution in Turkey. Sayıştay Dergisi, 90, pp. 49-72.
  • 13. Elster, J., 1995. Forces and Mechanisms in the Constitution-Making Process. Duke Law Journal, 45 (2), pp. 364-396.
  • 14. Fendoglu, H. T., 2013. Public Auditorship (Ombudsmanship) and Right to Constitutional Complaint to the Constitutional Court. Ankara Bar Review, 4, pp.23-49.
  • 15. Ferreres-Comella, V., 2000. A defence of Constitutional Rigidity. Analisi e Diritto. pp.45-68.
  • 16. Gozler, K., 2011. Anayasa Hukukunun Genel Teorisi-Cilt II [The General Theory of Constitutional Law] Volume II. Bursa: Ekin Yayınevi.
  • 17. Gülsoy, M. T., 2007. Özgürlüklerin Korunmasında Anayasa Yargısının Yeri ve Meşruluğu. Ankara: Yetkin Yayınları.
  • 18. Kilinc, B., 2008. Karşılaştırmalı Anayasa Yargısında Bireysel Başvuru Kurumu ve Türkiye Açısından Uygulanabilirliği. Anayasa Yargısı, 25, pp. 19-59.
  • 19. Köküsarı, İ., 2011. Hak Arama Özgürlüğü ve 2010 Anayasa Değişikliği. Gazi Universitesi Hukuk Fakultesi Dergisi, 1, pp. 163-208.
  • 20. Montesquieu, 1748. The Spirit of Laws [De l'Esprit des Lois]. Translated from the French by Thomas Nugent. Botache Books: Kitchener
  • 21. Murati, G., n.d.. The Independence of the Judiciary and Its Role in the Protection of Human Rights under UN Administration Using the Case of Kosovo. [Online]. Available at: http://www.esil-sedi.eu/sites/default/files/Murati_0.PDF. [Accessed 18th August 2014].
  • 22. Keith, L. C., 2002. Judicial Independence and Human Rights Protection around the World. Judicature, 85 (4), pp. 195-200.
  • 23. Marbury v. Madison [1803] 5 US 137.
  • 24. Ozbudun, E., 2005. Anayasa Hukuku. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayını.
  • 25. Parpworth, N., 2012. 7th ed., Constitutional and Administrative Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • 26. Perry, M. J., 1998. The Idea of Human Rights: Four Inquiries. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • 27. Rasch, B. E., 2008. Foundations of Constitutional Stability: Veto Points, Qualified Majorities, and Agenda-Setting Rules in Amendment Procedures. ECPR Joint Sessions of Workshops, pp. 1-45.
  • 28. Rathbone, M., 2014. The Human Rights Act: a Magna Carta for the twenty-first century?.[Online]. (s.l.): Political Studies Association. Available at: http://magnacarta800th.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Rathbone-Essay-Human- Rights-Act-and-Magna-Carta.pdf. [Accessed: 19th August 2014].
  • 29. Reif, L. C., 2000. Building Democratic Institutions: The Role of National Human Rights Institutions in Good Governance and Human Rights Protection. Harvard Human Rights Law Journal, 13, pp. 1-70.
  • 30. Schor, M., 2008.Judical Review and American Constitutional Exceptionalism. Osgoode Hall Law Journal, 46, pp. 535-563.
  • 31. Singh, T. B., 1996. Principle of Separation of Powers and Concentration of Authority. Judicial Training and Research Institute Journal, 4&5, pp. 1-11.
  • 32. Sweet, A. S., 2007. Politics of Constitutional Review of Legislation in France and Europe. International Journal of Constitutional Law, 5 (1), pp. 69-92.
  • 33. Tanchev, E., n.d.. Constitutional Control in Comparative and Bulgarian Prospective. [Online]. Available at: http://www.venice.coe.int/wccj/Papers/BUL_ Tanchev_E.pdf. [Accessed: 22nd August 2014].
  • 34. The United Nations Charter, 1945
  • 35. The World Conference on Human Rights, Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, 1993.
  • 36. Uygun, O., 2000. İnsan Hakları Kuramı. Istanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
  • 37. Whittington, K. E., 2013. The Status of Unwritten Constitutional Conventions in the United States. University of Illinois Law Review, 5, pp. 101-124.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Law in Context
Journal Section Kamu Hukuku
Authors

Abdurrahman Tekin

Publication Date June 30, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

Chicago Tekin, Abdurrahman. “THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN CONSTITUTIONAL SYSTEMS”. Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 10, no. 1 (June 2015): 145-62.

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