ULUSLARARASI İNSANCIL HUKUKA RİAYETİN SAĞLANMASINDA ULUSLARARASI MEKANİZMALAR

Year 2022, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 568 - 595, 31.10.2022

Beyza Gürleyen Selman Özdan

Abstract

Uluslararası barış ve güvenliğin sağlanmasında ve insan haklarının korunmasında en büyük engellerden bir tanesi silahlı çatışmalardır. Silahlı çatışmalar sırasında çatışmaya hiç katılmamış ya da çatışma dışı kalmış kişilerin korunması uluslararası insancıl hukuku oluş turan 1949 Cenevre Sözleşmeleri ve Sözleşmelere Ek 1977 tarihli iki Protokolde düzenlenmiştir. Söz konusu kişilerin haklarını güvence altına almak adına getirilen koruma sisteminin daha iyi işlemesi için Cenevre Sözleşmeleri ve Ek Protokollerde uluslararası mekanizmalar öngörülmüştür. Kuvvet kullanımının yasaklandığı günümüzde, uluslararası olsun veya olmasın silahlı çatışmalar varlığını sürdürürken bu çatışmalar sırasında uluslararası insancıl hukukun uygulanması için kullanılabilecek ve başvurulabilecek mekanizmaların neler olduğu daha iyi anlaşılmalı ve bu mekanizmalar işler hale getirilmelidir.

Keywords

Uluslararası insancıl hukuk, Koruma sistemi, Koruyucu Güç, Kızılhaç, Uluslararası Olayları Saptama İnsani Komisyonu, Birleşmiş Milletler

International Mechanisms in The Enforcement Of International Humanitarian Law

Abstract

One of the biggest obstacles in ensuring international peace and security and protecting human rights is armed conflicts. The protection of persons who have never participated in or been out of conflict during armed conflict is regulated in the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the two Additional Protocols to the Conventions of 1977, which constitute international humanitarian law. International mechanisms are envisaged in the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols for the better functioning of the system of protection introduced to secure the rights of the persons in question. In the contemporary world order, where the use of force is prohibited, both international and national armed conflicts continue to exist. The mechanisms that can be used and applied for the implementation of international humanitarian law during these conflicts should be better understood and these mechanisms should be made operational.

Keywords

International humanitarian law, The system of protection, Protecting Power, Red Cross, The International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission, United Nations.

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