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STRATEGIC EUROPEANIZATION OF SERBIA AND THE EU IMPACT: THE CASE OF COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA

Year 2016, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 39 - 67, 12.01.2017

Abstract

From the very beginning, the majority of Serbs have evaluated the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) both as anti-Serb and as an instrument created to punish Serbs only. This sentiment created a strong resistance among them against cooperation with the Tribunal. Furthermore, European Union’s and United States of America’s pressures and threats on Serbs in order to force them extradict their war heroes, revived the historic Serbian anti-West victom based feelings. However, since war-thorn Serbia was so humiliated and isolated both politically and economically, Serbs couldn’t figure out any other alternative then to build institutional relations with the EU in order to get rid of this desparate situation and return back to Europe. Nevertheless, cooperation with the ICTY had been put forward by the EU as a precise and indispenseble condition for even the initiation of such relations. Therefore, both the Serbian public’s and politicians’ initial consistency on noncooperation started to change. Besides, in accordance with the rational choice institutionalists’ assumptions, the building of institutional relations with the EU had even increased EU’s impact capacity on Serbia. Ultimately, magnetic and transformative impact of the EU has overcome and successfully convinced Serbia to extradict its most important leaders and former war heroes to Hague.

 

This study primarily aims to explain the reasons for Serbia’s consent to extradict its war criminal suspects to the ICTY. Evaluating the period between the October 2000 Revolution and the extradiction of Goran Hadzic in July 2011 as the last remaining fugitive of ICTY, this research suggests that; regarding the relations with the Tribunal, the post-Cold War experience of Serbia proves the validity of rational choice institutionalist arguments to a large extent. 

References

  • Books and Journals
  •  “A Guide to Milosevic’s War Crimes Trial”, Media by Milosevic, 12 September 2002, http://www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/episodes/media-by-milosevic/a-guide-to-milosevics-war-crimes-trial/875/ (11.09.2008).
  •  “Milosevic on Trial”, The Economist, 14 February 2002.
  •  Commission of the European Communities, Serbia 2009 Progress Report, Brussels, SEC(2009), 1339.
  •  Alastair Lain Johnston, “Conclusions and Extensions: Toward Mid-Range Theorizing and Beyond Europe”, International Organization, 59, 4, 2005.
  •  Canan Balkır and Diğdem Soyaltın, The Impact of Europeanisation on the Institutional and Administrative Transformation: The Case of Izmir, ECPR General Conference “Integration, Europeanisation and the New Neighbours” Pisa, 6-8 September 2007.
  •  Claudio Radaelli, ‘Whither Europeanisation? Concept Stretching and Substantive Change’, European Integration Online Papers, Cilt. 4, No 8, 2000.
  •  Daniel Simpson, “Essay: A Nation on trial?”, Wide Angle, 12 September 2002, http://www.pbs.org/ wnet/wideangle/episodes/media-by-milosevic/essay-a-nation-on-trial/1166/ (04.09.2010).
  •  David Halberstam, Barış Zamanı Savaş: Bush, Clinton ve Generaller, İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, çev. Abdullah Yılmaz, İstanbul, 2001.
  •  Didem Soyaltın, “Does Candidate Status Matter: Unpacking the Relationship Between Europeanization and in Turkey and Serbia”, Tutor: Magnus Jerneck, Lund University, Department of Political Science.
  •  Dragan Stojkovic, “Week in Review”, 1-7 April 2003, Ciao, http://www.ciaonet.org/pbei-2/tol-1/ tol_2003/apr1-7/apr1-7_d.html (19.11.2010)
  •  Elizabeth Pond, “Demythologizing Serbia and Montenegro”, The End Game in the Balkans: Regime Change, European Style, Brookings Institution Press, Washington, 2006, s. 215.
  •  Elizabeth Pond, Endgame in the Balkans, Brookings Institution Press, Washington, 2006.
  •  Erhan Türbedar, “Radovan Karaciç’in Tutuklanması: Gerçeklerle Yüzleşme Zamanı”, Stratejik Analiz, Eylül 08, Cilt 9, Sayı 101.
  •  Frank Schimmelfennig and Ulrich Sedelmeier, “Introduction: Conceptualizing then Europeanization of Central and Eastern Europe”, The Europeanization of Central and Eastern Europe, Ed. Frank Schimmelfennig and Ulrich Sedelmeier, Cornell University Press. 2005.
  •  Human Rights Watch, “Real Progress in The Hague” 28 March 2005, http://www.hrw.org/en/news/2005/03/28/real-progress-hague (12.08.2011)
  •  ICG, “Belgrade’s Lagging Reform: Cause for International Concern”, Balkan Report, no.126, Belgrade/Brussels, 7 March 2002.
  •  ICG, "Serbia's Transition: Reforms Under Siege." Balkans Report, No. 117, 21 September 2001.
  •  ICTY Web Site: http://www.icty.org/sections/AbouttheICTY
  •  Jelena Obradovic-Wochnik, “Strategies of Denial: Resistance to ITCY Cooperation in Serbia”, War Crimes, Conditionality and EU Integration in the Western Balkans, Ed. Judy Batt ve Jelena Obradovic-Wochnik, Chaillot Paper, No. 116, June 2009.
  •  Johan P. Olsen, “Europeanization and Nation-State Dynamics”, ARENA Reprint, 96/3, Oslo, 1996.
  •  Judith Kelley, “International Actors on the Domestic Scene: Membership Conditionality and Socialization by International Institutions”, International Organization, Vol. 58, No. 3, Summer 2004.
  •  Louis Sell, Slobodan Milosevic and the Destruction of Yugoslavia, Duke University Press, 2002.
  •  Mirzet Mujezinovic, “Balkanlar'ın Hitleri Karaciç Sonunda Yakalandı”, USAK Stratejik Gündem, http://www.usak.org.tr/makale.asp?id=730 (07.05.2010).
  •  Mitic Aleksandar, "Serbia: Running for the EU Train", Transitions Online. 25-31 January 2005.
  •  Mustafa Balbay, Balkanlar, Cumhuriyet Kitapları, 6. Baskı, 2009.
  •  Robert Bideleux and Ian Jeffries. The Balkans: A Post Communist History, Routledge, USA, 2007.
  •  Zeljko Cvijanovic, “Hague Tribunal Prosecutor Carla Del Ponte Storms out of Meeting with President Koştunitsa”, BCR, Issue 212, 24 Jan 2001, http://iwpr.net/report-news/del-ponte-belgrade (26.02.2010) .
  • News Papers, News Agency and Public Polls
  •  Associated Press
  •  Bosnian Institute News
  •  EU Observer
  •  Euronews
  •  Gallup
  •  Haber Türk
  •  http://www.b92.net
  •  http://www.balkan-monitor.eu
  •  http://www.bbc.co.uk
  •  http://www.ntvmsnbc.com
  •  The Guardian
  •  People’s Daily
  •  Radio Free Europe,
  •  Telegraph
  •  The New York Times
Year 2016, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 39 - 67, 12.01.2017

Abstract

References

  • Books and Journals
  •  “A Guide to Milosevic’s War Crimes Trial”, Media by Milosevic, 12 September 2002, http://www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/episodes/media-by-milosevic/a-guide-to-milosevics-war-crimes-trial/875/ (11.09.2008).
  •  “Milosevic on Trial”, The Economist, 14 February 2002.
  •  Commission of the European Communities, Serbia 2009 Progress Report, Brussels, SEC(2009), 1339.
  •  Alastair Lain Johnston, “Conclusions and Extensions: Toward Mid-Range Theorizing and Beyond Europe”, International Organization, 59, 4, 2005.
  •  Canan Balkır and Diğdem Soyaltın, The Impact of Europeanisation on the Institutional and Administrative Transformation: The Case of Izmir, ECPR General Conference “Integration, Europeanisation and the New Neighbours” Pisa, 6-8 September 2007.
  •  Claudio Radaelli, ‘Whither Europeanisation? Concept Stretching and Substantive Change’, European Integration Online Papers, Cilt. 4, No 8, 2000.
  •  Daniel Simpson, “Essay: A Nation on trial?”, Wide Angle, 12 September 2002, http://www.pbs.org/ wnet/wideangle/episodes/media-by-milosevic/essay-a-nation-on-trial/1166/ (04.09.2010).
  •  David Halberstam, Barış Zamanı Savaş: Bush, Clinton ve Generaller, İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, çev. Abdullah Yılmaz, İstanbul, 2001.
  •  Didem Soyaltın, “Does Candidate Status Matter: Unpacking the Relationship Between Europeanization and in Turkey and Serbia”, Tutor: Magnus Jerneck, Lund University, Department of Political Science.
  •  Dragan Stojkovic, “Week in Review”, 1-7 April 2003, Ciao, http://www.ciaonet.org/pbei-2/tol-1/ tol_2003/apr1-7/apr1-7_d.html (19.11.2010)
  •  Elizabeth Pond, “Demythologizing Serbia and Montenegro”, The End Game in the Balkans: Regime Change, European Style, Brookings Institution Press, Washington, 2006, s. 215.
  •  Elizabeth Pond, Endgame in the Balkans, Brookings Institution Press, Washington, 2006.
  •  Erhan Türbedar, “Radovan Karaciç’in Tutuklanması: Gerçeklerle Yüzleşme Zamanı”, Stratejik Analiz, Eylül 08, Cilt 9, Sayı 101.
  •  Frank Schimmelfennig and Ulrich Sedelmeier, “Introduction: Conceptualizing then Europeanization of Central and Eastern Europe”, The Europeanization of Central and Eastern Europe, Ed. Frank Schimmelfennig and Ulrich Sedelmeier, Cornell University Press. 2005.
  •  Human Rights Watch, “Real Progress in The Hague” 28 March 2005, http://www.hrw.org/en/news/2005/03/28/real-progress-hague (12.08.2011)
  •  ICG, “Belgrade’s Lagging Reform: Cause for International Concern”, Balkan Report, no.126, Belgrade/Brussels, 7 March 2002.
  •  ICG, "Serbia's Transition: Reforms Under Siege." Balkans Report, No. 117, 21 September 2001.
  •  ICTY Web Site: http://www.icty.org/sections/AbouttheICTY
  •  Jelena Obradovic-Wochnik, “Strategies of Denial: Resistance to ITCY Cooperation in Serbia”, War Crimes, Conditionality and EU Integration in the Western Balkans, Ed. Judy Batt ve Jelena Obradovic-Wochnik, Chaillot Paper, No. 116, June 2009.
  •  Johan P. Olsen, “Europeanization and Nation-State Dynamics”, ARENA Reprint, 96/3, Oslo, 1996.
  •  Judith Kelley, “International Actors on the Domestic Scene: Membership Conditionality and Socialization by International Institutions”, International Organization, Vol. 58, No. 3, Summer 2004.
  •  Louis Sell, Slobodan Milosevic and the Destruction of Yugoslavia, Duke University Press, 2002.
  •  Mirzet Mujezinovic, “Balkanlar'ın Hitleri Karaciç Sonunda Yakalandı”, USAK Stratejik Gündem, http://www.usak.org.tr/makale.asp?id=730 (07.05.2010).
  •  Mitic Aleksandar, "Serbia: Running for the EU Train", Transitions Online. 25-31 January 2005.
  •  Mustafa Balbay, Balkanlar, Cumhuriyet Kitapları, 6. Baskı, 2009.
  •  Robert Bideleux and Ian Jeffries. The Balkans: A Post Communist History, Routledge, USA, 2007.
  •  Zeljko Cvijanovic, “Hague Tribunal Prosecutor Carla Del Ponte Storms out of Meeting with President Koştunitsa”, BCR, Issue 212, 24 Jan 2001, http://iwpr.net/report-news/del-ponte-belgrade (26.02.2010) .
  • News Papers, News Agency and Public Polls
  •  Associated Press
  •  Bosnian Institute News
  •  EU Observer
  •  Euronews
  •  Gallup
  •  Haber Türk
  •  http://www.b92.net
  •  http://www.balkan-monitor.eu
  •  http://www.bbc.co.uk
  •  http://www.ntvmsnbc.com
  •  The Guardian
  •  People’s Daily
  •  Radio Free Europe,
  •  Telegraph
  •  The New York Times
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Altuğ Günal

Publication Date January 12, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Günal, A. (2017). STRATEGIC EUROPEANIZATION OF SERBIA AND THE EU IMPACT: THE CASE OF COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(1), 39-67. https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.16281
AMA Günal A. STRATEGIC EUROPEANIZATION OF SERBIA AND THE EU IMPACT: THE CASE OF COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. ESAM. January 2017;7(1):39-67. doi:10.18354/esam.16281
Chicago Günal, Altuğ. “STRATEGIC EUROPEANIZATION OF SERBIA AND THE EU IMPACT: THE CASE OF COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA”. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi 7, no. 1 (January 2017): 39-67. https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.16281.
EndNote Günal A (January 1, 2017) STRATEGIC EUROPEANIZATION OF SERBIA AND THE EU IMPACT: THE CASE OF COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi 7 1 39–67.
IEEE A. Günal, “STRATEGIC EUROPEANIZATION OF SERBIA AND THE EU IMPACT: THE CASE OF COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA”, ESAM, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 39–67, 2017, doi: 10.18354/esam.16281.
ISNAD Günal, Altuğ. “STRATEGIC EUROPEANIZATION OF SERBIA AND THE EU IMPACT: THE CASE OF COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA”. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi 7/1 (January 2017), 39-67. https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.16281.
JAMA Günal A. STRATEGIC EUROPEANIZATION OF SERBIA AND THE EU IMPACT: THE CASE OF COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. ESAM. 2017;7:39–67.
MLA Günal, Altuğ. “STRATEGIC EUROPEANIZATION OF SERBIA AND THE EU IMPACT: THE CASE OF COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA”. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 1, 2017, pp. 39-67, doi:10.18354/esam.16281.
Vancouver Günal A. STRATEGIC EUROPEANIZATION OF SERBIA AND THE EU IMPACT: THE CASE OF COOPERATION WITH INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. ESAM. 2017;7(1):39-67.