Doğurganlığın Planlanmasında Teknolojik Gelişmeler ve Yapay Zekâ Kullanımı: Ebelerin Rol ve Sorumlulukları Değişiyor mu?

Abstract

Tarih boyunca insanlar üreyebilmek veya ürememek için çeşitli yöntemler kullanmışlardır. Eski çağlarda bu amaçla bitkilerin veya geleneksel yöntemlerin denendiği bilinmektedir. 1960 yılında ilk hormonal kontraseptifin onaylaması, cinsel ve üreme sağlığında devrim yaratarak kadınlara doğurganlıkları üzerinde kontrol sağlama yetkisi vermiştir. Günümüzde bariyer, hormonal olan ve olamayan, cerrahi sterilizasyon gibi kontraseptif yöntemler sunulmaktadır. Fakat hala modern yöntem kullanım oranı düşüktür, hatta dünyanın birçok ülkesinde insanlar modern yöntemlere erişilememektedir. Çiftlerin doğurganlıklarını planlamalarını sağlayan yöntemler hakkında daha fazla bilgiye, yüksek kalitede hizmete erişim ihtiyaçları ve hakları vardır. İdeal bir kontraseptif yöntemin; etkili ve güvenli, kullanıcının kontrolünde, istendiği zaman doğurganlığın geri dönebildiği, uzun etkili, yan etkilere neden olmayan, uygun fiyatlı olması gibi özelliklerin birçoğunu içermesi istenmektedir. Günümüzde teknolojik gelişmelerin hızla gelişmesi ve teknolojinin tüm alanlarda olduğu gibi toplumsal dönüşüme etkisi ile süregelen demografik değişikliklerin doğurganlığın planlaması için kullanılacak yöntemleri şekillendireceği öngörülmektedir. Bu anlamda yapay zeka, nanoteknoloji gibi yöntemlerin etkisi ile geliştirilecek yeni kontraseptifler için kaynak ve yatırımlar devam ettiği bilinmektedir

Technological Developments and Use of Artificial Intelligence in Fertility Planning: Are the Roles and Responsibilities of Midwives Changing?

Abstract

Throughout history, people have used various methods to either achieve or prevent pregnancy. In ancient times, plants and traditional approaches were commonly employed for this purpose. The approval of the first hormonal contraceptive in 1960 revolutionized sexual and reproductive health, granting women greater control over their fertility. An ideal contraceptive method is expected to combine several features, including effectiveness, safety, user control, reversibility of fertility when desired, long-lasting effect, minimal side effects, and affordability. Today, rapid technological advancements and their societal impact, along with ongoing demographic changes, are expected to shape the methods used for fertility planning. Midwives, as stated in the Midwifery Regulation, provide education and counseling to couples regarding fertility management. Their role in delivering education, counseling, and individualized care while keeping up with new developments is crucial in family planning services. This review aims to evaluate the impact of technological advancements and the use of artificial intelligence on the roles and responsibilities of midwives in fertility planning. A literature search was conducted to examine digital, AI-supported, and nanotechnology-based contraceptive approaches, and the studies were assessed according to the criteria specified in the methods section. Based on the findings, the results section highlights the implications of this technological transformation for midwives’ clinical roles, counseling processes, and professional competencies, and provides recommendations for practice.

Keywords

• Fertility planning
• contraceptive technologies
• artificial intelligence
• nanotechnology
• midwifery
• digital health

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