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4-6 YAŞ GRUBU ÇOCUKLARDA PERİFERİK KATATER UYGULAMASININ OYUNCAK BEZ BEBEK ÜZERİNDE ANLATIMININ KORKU, ANKSİYETE VE AĞRI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 196 - 203, 29.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.62425/esbder.1460551

Abstract

Çalışma 4-6 yaş grubu çocuklarda periferik katater uygulamasının, oyuncak bez bebek üzerinde anlatımının etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Randomize kontrollü deneysel çalışma bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin çocuk sağlığı ve hastalıkları servisinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden aileler ve seçim kriterlerine uyan 98 çocuk çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan çocuklara periferik katater uygulaması öncesinde bez bebek üzerinde işlem anlatılmıştır. Araştırmada, işlem öncesi ve sonrası Wong Baker Ağrı Skalası, Çocuk Anksiyete Skalası-Durumluluk (ÇAS-D), Çocuk Korku Ölçeği (ÇKÖ) uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca nabız ve solunum sayısına olan etkisi değerlendirilmiştir.
Deney ve kontrol grubundaki çocukların sosyodemografik özellikleri benzerdir. İşlem sonrası deney grubundaki çocukların ağrı düzeyleri kontrol gurubuna göre daha düşüktür. Deney grubu çocukların korku ve anksiyete düzeyleri kontrol grubuna göre daha düşük bulunmuştur. Deney ve kontrol grupları arasında nabız değeri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık göstermezken, solunum değeri anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulunmuştur. İşlem öncesi deney grubu çocukların kontrol grubuna göre anksiyete düzeyleri daha fazla olmasına rağmen, işlem sonrası deney gurubu çocukların anksiyete düzeyleri daha düşüktür.
Oyuncak bez bebek üzerinde işlemi anlatmanın çocukların korku ve anksiyetelerini azalttığı, işlem sonrası ağrı düzeylerinin anlamlı olarak daha düşük çıktığı bulunmuştur.

References

  • Aydın, D., Şahiner, C.N., Çiftçi, & K.E. (2016). Comparison of the effectiveness of three different methods in decreasing pain during venipuncture in children: ball squeezing, balloon inflating and distraction cards. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 25, 2328–2335. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/jocn.13321
  • Barroso, M. C. D. C. S., Cursino, E. G., Machado, M. E. D., da Silva, L. R., Depianti, J. R. B., & da Silva, L. F. (2019). The therapeutic play in nursing graduation: from theory to practice. Revista de Pesquisa Cuidado é Fundamental Online, 11(4), 1043-1047.
  • Başbakkal, Z., Sönmez, S., Celasin, N.Ş., & Esenay, F. (2010). 3-6 yaş grubu çocuğun akut bir hastalık nedeniyle hastaneye yatışa karşı davranışsal tepkilerinin belirlenmesi. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 456-468.
  • Bergs, M., Prick, A.E.J., Vissers, C, & Hooren S. (2022). Drama Therapy for Children and Adolescents with Psychosocial Problems: A Systemic Review on Effects, Means, Therapeutic Attitude, and Supposed Mechanisms of Change. Children, 9(9), 1358. doi.org/10.3390/children9091358
  • Caleffi, C.C.F., Rocha, P.K., Anders, J.C., Souza, A.I.J. de, Burciaga, V.B., Serapião, & L., Da S. (2016). Contribution of structured therapeutic play in a nursing care model for hospitalized children. Revista Gaucha De Enfermagem, 37(2),1-8. doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2016.02.58131
  • Canbulat, N., İnal, S., & Sönmezer, H. (2014). Efficacy of distraction methods on procedural pain and anxiety by applying distraction cards and kaleidoscope in children. Asian Nursing Research, 8, 23–28. doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2013.12.001
  • Çavuşoğlu, H., & Arslan, S. (2022). Çocuklarda iğne girişimi sırasında kullanılan dikkat dağıtma yöntemlerinin ağrı ve anksiyete üzerine etkisi: Sistematik derleme. Türkiye Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi, 16(1), 20–28. doi.org/10.12956/tjpd.2022.01.005
  • Çelebi, A., Aytekin, A., Küçükoğlu, S., Çelebioğlu, & A. (2015). Hospitalized children and play. İzmir Dr Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi, 5(3), 156-60.
  • Dinda M, Bagchi A, & Mukhopadhyay S. (2022). An Assessment of Effect of Distraction Card on Pain and Anxiety of the Children during Phlebotomy in a Rural Medical College and Hospital in West Bengal, India. J West Bengal Univ Health Sci, 3(2),23-30.
  • Doğan, P., Didişen N.A., & Yılmaz B.H. (2021). Pediatri Hemşireliğinde Önemli Bir Girişim: Atravmatik Bakım ve Yaklaşımları. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), 131-135 doi: 10.1177/13674935211062336.
  • dos Santos, L. M., Oliveira, V. M., de Santana, R. C. B., de Camargo Fonseca, M. C., dos Santos Neves, E., & Santos, M. C. S. (2013). Maternal experiences in the pediatric intensive care unit. Revista de Pesquisa Cuidado é Fundamental Online, 5(1), 3432-3442.
  • Fortier, M. A., Del Rosario, A. M., Martin, S. R., & Kain,& Z. N. (2011). Perioperative anxiety in children. Paediatric Anaesthesia, 20(4), 318–322. doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2010.03373.x
  • Francischinelli, A. G. B., Almeida, F. D. A., & Fernandes, D. M. S. O. (2012). Routine use of therapeutic play in the care of hospitalized children: nurses' perceptions. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, 25, 18-23. doi.org/10.1590/S0103-21002012000100004
  • Gerçeker, G.Ö., Ayar, D., Özdemir, Z., Bektaş, M. (2018). Çocuk anksiyete skalası-durumluluk ve çocuk korku ölçeğinin Türk diline kazandırılması. DEUHFED, 11 (1):9-13.
  • Girgin, B.A., & Göl, İ. (2020). Reducing Pain and Fear in Children During Venipuncture: A Randomized Controlled Study. Pain Management Nursing, 21(3), 276-82. doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2019.07.006
  • Gültekin, G., & Baran, G. (2005). Hastalık ve çocuk. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 61-68.
  • He, H. G., Zhu, L., Chan, S. W. C., Klainin-Yobas, P., & Wang, W. (2015). The effectiveness of therapeutic play intervention in reducing perioperative anxiety, negative behaviors, and postoperative pain in children undergoing elective surgery: a systematic review. Pain Management Nursing, 16(3), 425–439. doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2014.08.011
  • Koller, D., & Goldman, R. D. (2012). Distraction techniques for children undergoing procedures: A critical review of pediatric research. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 27(6), 652–681. doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2011.08.001
  • Lemos, I. C. S., Silva, L. D., Delmondes, G. D. A., Brasil, A. X., Santos, P. L. F., Gomes, E., & Kerntop, M. R. (2016). Therapeutic play use in children under the venipucture: a strategy for pain reduction. American Journal of Nursing Research, 4(1), 1-5. doi: 10.12691/ajnr-4-1-1
  • Li, W.H.C., Chan, S.S.C., Wong, E.M.L., Kwok, M.C., Lee ITL. (2021). Effect of therapeutic play on pre and p& ost-operative anxiety and emotional responses in Hong Kong Chinese children: A randomised controlled trial. Hong Kong Med J, 20, 36–9.
  • Lima, L.N., Carvalho E.O., Silva V.B., & Melo, M.C. (2020). Self-reported experience of hospitalized children: an integrative review. Rev Bras Enferm, 11 73(4),1-8. e20180740. doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0740
  • Mathias, E.G., Pai, M.S., Guddattu, V., & Bramhagen A.C. (2023). Non-pharmacological interventions to reduce anxiety among children undergoing surgery: A systematic review. Journal of Child Health Care, 27(3),466-487.
  • Matsumori, N. (2014). Psychological Preparation of Children for Surgery: Awareness Survey Targeting Medical Professionals. Open Journal of Nursing, 4 (7), 564-575. doi:10.4236/ojn.2014.47059.
  • Özkan, T.K. & Balcı, S. (2020). The Effect of Acupressure on Acute Pain During Venipuncture in Children: Implications for Evidence-Based Practice. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 17(3), 221–228. doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12437
  • Pillai Riddell, R., Racine, N., Turcotte, K., Uman, L., Horton, R., Ahola Kohut, S., ... & Lisi, D. (2011). Non-pharmacological management of infant and young child procedural pain: an abridged Cochrane review. Pain Res Manage, 16(5),321-330.
  • Schreiber, S., Cozzi, G., Rutigliano, R., Assandro, P., Tubaro, M., Cortellazzo, W.L, Ronfani, L., & Barbi, E. (2016). Analgesia by cooling vibration during venipuncture in children with cognitive impairment. Acta Paediatrica, 105, 12–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.13224
  • Shen, J., Wang, Y., Zhang, B., Liu, X., & Li, Y. (2020). The effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions on procedural pain in children: A meta-analysis. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 51, e24–e30. doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2019.12.009

The Impact of Baby-Doll-Assisted Therapeutic Play on Fear, Anxiety and Pain During Peripheral Venous Catheterization in 4-6 Year-Old Children

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 196 - 203, 29.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.62425/esbder.1460551

Abstract

Objective: The study was performed to investigate the impact of demonstrating and expressing the peripheral venous catheter practice on doll-assisted therapeutic play on children aged between 4 to 6 years. Parents who agreed to participate in the study and 98 children who met the selection criteria were included in the study.
Methods: The procedure was explained to the children who were included in the study on a doll-assisted therapeutic play before peripheral venous catheter placement. In the study, Children's Fear Scale (CFS), Children’s State Anxiety (CSA) and Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale were applied before and after the procedure. Moreover, the effect of the applied procedure on pulse and respiratory rate was evaluated.
Results: The sociodemographic characteristics of children in the experimental and control groups are similar. After the intervention, the fear, anxiety and pain levels of the children in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group. While the pulse rate did not show a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups, the respiratory rate was found to be significantly lower. Although the anxiety levels of the children in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group before the procedure, the anxiety levels of the children in the experimental group were lower after the procedure.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that explaining the peripheral venous catheter procedure using a doll-assisted therapeutic play significantly reduced fear, anxiety, and post-procedure pain levels in children aged 4 to 6, as measured by the CFS, CSA, and Wong-Baker FACES scales.

References

  • Aydın, D., Şahiner, C.N., Çiftçi, & K.E. (2016). Comparison of the effectiveness of three different methods in decreasing pain during venipuncture in children: ball squeezing, balloon inflating and distraction cards. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 25, 2328–2335. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/jocn.13321
  • Barroso, M. C. D. C. S., Cursino, E. G., Machado, M. E. D., da Silva, L. R., Depianti, J. R. B., & da Silva, L. F. (2019). The therapeutic play in nursing graduation: from theory to practice. Revista de Pesquisa Cuidado é Fundamental Online, 11(4), 1043-1047.
  • Başbakkal, Z., Sönmez, S., Celasin, N.Ş., & Esenay, F. (2010). 3-6 yaş grubu çocuğun akut bir hastalık nedeniyle hastaneye yatışa karşı davranışsal tepkilerinin belirlenmesi. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 456-468.
  • Bergs, M., Prick, A.E.J., Vissers, C, & Hooren S. (2022). Drama Therapy for Children and Adolescents with Psychosocial Problems: A Systemic Review on Effects, Means, Therapeutic Attitude, and Supposed Mechanisms of Change. Children, 9(9), 1358. doi.org/10.3390/children9091358
  • Caleffi, C.C.F., Rocha, P.K., Anders, J.C., Souza, A.I.J. de, Burciaga, V.B., Serapião, & L., Da S. (2016). Contribution of structured therapeutic play in a nursing care model for hospitalized children. Revista Gaucha De Enfermagem, 37(2),1-8. doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2016.02.58131
  • Canbulat, N., İnal, S., & Sönmezer, H. (2014). Efficacy of distraction methods on procedural pain and anxiety by applying distraction cards and kaleidoscope in children. Asian Nursing Research, 8, 23–28. doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2013.12.001
  • Çavuşoğlu, H., & Arslan, S. (2022). Çocuklarda iğne girişimi sırasında kullanılan dikkat dağıtma yöntemlerinin ağrı ve anksiyete üzerine etkisi: Sistematik derleme. Türkiye Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi, 16(1), 20–28. doi.org/10.12956/tjpd.2022.01.005
  • Çelebi, A., Aytekin, A., Küçükoğlu, S., Çelebioğlu, & A. (2015). Hospitalized children and play. İzmir Dr Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi, 5(3), 156-60.
  • Dinda M, Bagchi A, & Mukhopadhyay S. (2022). An Assessment of Effect of Distraction Card on Pain and Anxiety of the Children during Phlebotomy in a Rural Medical College and Hospital in West Bengal, India. J West Bengal Univ Health Sci, 3(2),23-30.
  • Doğan, P., Didişen N.A., & Yılmaz B.H. (2021). Pediatri Hemşireliğinde Önemli Bir Girişim: Atravmatik Bakım ve Yaklaşımları. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), 131-135 doi: 10.1177/13674935211062336.
  • dos Santos, L. M., Oliveira, V. M., de Santana, R. C. B., de Camargo Fonseca, M. C., dos Santos Neves, E., & Santos, M. C. S. (2013). Maternal experiences in the pediatric intensive care unit. Revista de Pesquisa Cuidado é Fundamental Online, 5(1), 3432-3442.
  • Fortier, M. A., Del Rosario, A. M., Martin, S. R., & Kain,& Z. N. (2011). Perioperative anxiety in children. Paediatric Anaesthesia, 20(4), 318–322. doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2010.03373.x
  • Francischinelli, A. G. B., Almeida, F. D. A., & Fernandes, D. M. S. O. (2012). Routine use of therapeutic play in the care of hospitalized children: nurses' perceptions. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, 25, 18-23. doi.org/10.1590/S0103-21002012000100004
  • Gerçeker, G.Ö., Ayar, D., Özdemir, Z., Bektaş, M. (2018). Çocuk anksiyete skalası-durumluluk ve çocuk korku ölçeğinin Türk diline kazandırılması. DEUHFED, 11 (1):9-13.
  • Girgin, B.A., & Göl, İ. (2020). Reducing Pain and Fear in Children During Venipuncture: A Randomized Controlled Study. Pain Management Nursing, 21(3), 276-82. doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2019.07.006
  • Gültekin, G., & Baran, G. (2005). Hastalık ve çocuk. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 61-68.
  • He, H. G., Zhu, L., Chan, S. W. C., Klainin-Yobas, P., & Wang, W. (2015). The effectiveness of therapeutic play intervention in reducing perioperative anxiety, negative behaviors, and postoperative pain in children undergoing elective surgery: a systematic review. Pain Management Nursing, 16(3), 425–439. doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2014.08.011
  • Koller, D., & Goldman, R. D. (2012). Distraction techniques for children undergoing procedures: A critical review of pediatric research. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 27(6), 652–681. doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2011.08.001
  • Lemos, I. C. S., Silva, L. D., Delmondes, G. D. A., Brasil, A. X., Santos, P. L. F., Gomes, E., & Kerntop, M. R. (2016). Therapeutic play use in children under the venipucture: a strategy for pain reduction. American Journal of Nursing Research, 4(1), 1-5. doi: 10.12691/ajnr-4-1-1
  • Li, W.H.C., Chan, S.S.C., Wong, E.M.L., Kwok, M.C., Lee ITL. (2021). Effect of therapeutic play on pre and p& ost-operative anxiety and emotional responses in Hong Kong Chinese children: A randomised controlled trial. Hong Kong Med J, 20, 36–9.
  • Lima, L.N., Carvalho E.O., Silva V.B., & Melo, M.C. (2020). Self-reported experience of hospitalized children: an integrative review. Rev Bras Enferm, 11 73(4),1-8. e20180740. doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0740
  • Mathias, E.G., Pai, M.S., Guddattu, V., & Bramhagen A.C. (2023). Non-pharmacological interventions to reduce anxiety among children undergoing surgery: A systematic review. Journal of Child Health Care, 27(3),466-487.
  • Matsumori, N. (2014). Psychological Preparation of Children for Surgery: Awareness Survey Targeting Medical Professionals. Open Journal of Nursing, 4 (7), 564-575. doi:10.4236/ojn.2014.47059.
  • Özkan, T.K. & Balcı, S. (2020). The Effect of Acupressure on Acute Pain During Venipuncture in Children: Implications for Evidence-Based Practice. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 17(3), 221–228. doi.org/10.1111/wvn.12437
  • Pillai Riddell, R., Racine, N., Turcotte, K., Uman, L., Horton, R., Ahola Kohut, S., ... & Lisi, D. (2011). Non-pharmacological management of infant and young child procedural pain: an abridged Cochrane review. Pain Res Manage, 16(5),321-330.
  • Schreiber, S., Cozzi, G., Rutigliano, R., Assandro, P., Tubaro, M., Cortellazzo, W.L, Ronfani, L., & Barbi, E. (2016). Analgesia by cooling vibration during venipuncture in children with cognitive impairment. Acta Paediatrica, 105, 12–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.13224
  • Shen, J., Wang, Y., Zhang, B., Liu, X., & Li, Y. (2020). The effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions on procedural pain in children: A meta-analysis. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 51, e24–e30. doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2019.12.009
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Services and Systems (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Büşra İnaç Yılmaz 0000-0003-0539-8559

Rabia Keçialan 0000-0002-2137-0655

Öner Özdemir 0000-0002-5338-9561

Publication Date September 29, 2025
Submission Date March 30, 2024
Acceptance Date August 12, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA İnaç Yılmaz, B., Keçialan, R., & Özdemir, Ö. (2025). The Impact of Baby-Doll-Assisted Therapeutic Play on Fear, Anxiety and Pain During Peripheral Venous Catheterization in 4-6 Year-Old Children. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences, 8(3), 196-203. https://doi.org/10.62425/esbder.1460551
AMA İnaç Yılmaz B, Keçialan R, Özdemir Ö. The Impact of Baby-Doll-Assisted Therapeutic Play on Fear, Anxiety and Pain During Peripheral Venous Catheterization in 4-6 Year-Old Children. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences. September 2025;8(3):196-203. doi:10.62425/esbder.1460551
Chicago İnaç Yılmaz, Büşra, Rabia Keçialan, and Öner Özdemir. “The Impact of Baby-Doll-Assisted Therapeutic Play on Fear, Anxiety and Pain During Peripheral Venous Catheterization in 4-6 Year-Old Children”. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences 8, no. 3 (September 2025): 196-203. https://doi.org/10.62425/esbder.1460551.
EndNote İnaç Yılmaz B, Keçialan R, Özdemir Ö (September 1, 2025) The Impact of Baby-Doll-Assisted Therapeutic Play on Fear, Anxiety and Pain During Peripheral Venous Catheterization in 4-6 Year-Old Children. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences 8 3 196–203.
IEEE B. İnaç Yılmaz, R. Keçialan, and Ö. Özdemir, “The Impact of Baby-Doll-Assisted Therapeutic Play on Fear, Anxiety and Pain During Peripheral Venous Catheterization in 4-6 Year-Old Children”, Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 196–203, 2025, doi: 10.62425/esbder.1460551.
ISNAD İnaç Yılmaz, Büşra et al. “The Impact of Baby-Doll-Assisted Therapeutic Play on Fear, Anxiety and Pain During Peripheral Venous Catheterization in 4-6 Year-Old Children”. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences 8/3 (September2025), 196-203. https://doi.org/10.62425/esbder.1460551.
JAMA İnaç Yılmaz B, Keçialan R, Özdemir Ö. The Impact of Baby-Doll-Assisted Therapeutic Play on Fear, Anxiety and Pain During Peripheral Venous Catheterization in 4-6 Year-Old Children. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences. 2025;8:196–203.
MLA İnaç Yılmaz, Büşra et al. “The Impact of Baby-Doll-Assisted Therapeutic Play on Fear, Anxiety and Pain During Peripheral Venous Catheterization in 4-6 Year-Old Children”. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences, vol. 8, no. 3, 2025, pp. 196-03, doi:10.62425/esbder.1460551.
Vancouver İnaç Yılmaz B, Keçialan R, Özdemir Ö. The Impact of Baby-Doll-Assisted Therapeutic Play on Fear, Anxiety and Pain During Peripheral Venous Catheterization in 4-6 Year-Old Children. Journal of Midwifery and Health Sciences. 2025;8(3):196-203.

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