Vaginal Smear Test Results of Patients Presenting to Our Pathology Department Between 2011 and 2020 in the Middle Anatolia Region of Turkey

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 45 - 52, 12.03.2022

Hasan İnal , Zeynep Ozturk Inal , İlknur Küçükosmanoğlu Meryem İlkay Eren Karanis

https://doi.org/10.48176/esmj.2022.49

Abstract

Introduction: The objective of this study is to evaluate the cervical cytology results of patients who presented to the pathology laboratory of our hospital for vaginal smears between 2011 and 2020 according to the Bethesda 2014 classification.
Methods: The vaginal smear test reports of 121,537 patients who presented to our pathology laboratory between January 2011 and December 2020 were retrospectively reevaluated. The Bethesda 2014 classification was used for evaluating the results. The data obtained from electronic patient records and the Medical Pathology Department archives were assessed according to the years.
Results: The distribution of 121,537 admissions across the years was as follows: 2011: 7915; 2012: 12,211; 2013: 14,912; 2014: 11,907; 2015: 10,170; 2016: 12,234, 2017: 12,756, 2018: 12,846, 2019: 13,124, and 2020: 13,462. All were aged 17-65 years; the mean age was 46.52±11.85 years. Human papillomavirus (HPV) was detected in 3.3% of cases in 2020. The sample adequacy rate was 99.3%. Intraepithelial lesions and malignancy were not detected in 98.5%, the highest rate of inflammation was observed as 11.8%. Squamous cell anomalies constituted 1.3% of epithelial cell anomalies (1.5%). Among the squamous cell anomalies, prevalence of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance was 0.86%, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions was 0.22%, suspected atypical squamous cell was 0.11%, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions was 0.08%, and squamous cell carcinoma was 0.01%. Diagnosis of atypical endocervical cells (0.01%) was the most common class of glandular cell anomalies, and endocervical adenocarcinoma (0.003%) was the least common.
Conclusion: Cervical smear and HPV DNA tests have an important role in defining cervical intraepithelial lesions. Regional and national screening programs should be used to prevent the transformation of precancerous lesions into invasive cancer.

Keywords

cervical cancer, human papilloma virus, screening, vaginal smear

Türkiye'nin İç Anadolu Bölgesinde 2011-2020 Yılları Arasında Patoloji Bölümümüze Başvuran Hastaların Vajinal Smear Test Sonuçları

Abstract

Giriş: Bu çalışma ile 2011-2020 yılları arasında hastanemiz patoloji laboratuvarına vajinal smear için başvuran hastaların servikal sitoloji sonuçlarını Bethesda 2014 sınıflamasına göre değerlendirmek amaçlandı.
Yöntemler: 2 Ocak 2011-Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında patoloji laboratuvarımıza başvuran 121.537 hastanın vajinal smear testi raporları retrospektif olarak yeniden değerlendirildi. Sonuçların değerlendirilmesinde Bethesda 2014 sınıflaması kullanıldı. Elektronik hasta kayıtları ve Tıbbi Patoloji Anabilim Dalı arşivlerinden elde edilen veriler yıllara göre değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: 121.537 başvurunun yıllara göre dağılımı aşağıdaki gibiydi: 2011: 7915; 2012: 12.211; 2013: 14.912; 2014: 11.907; 2015: 10,170; 2016: 12.234, 2017: 12.756, 2018: 12.846, 2019: 13.124 ve 2020: 13.462. Olguların tamamı 17-65 yaşları arasındaydı; yaş ortalaması 46,52±11,85 yıl idi. 2020 yılında vakaların %3.3'ünde insan papilloma virüsü (HPV) tespit edilmiştir. Örnek yeterlilik oranı %99.3 olup %98.5'inde intraepitelyal lezyon ve malignite saptanmazken, en yüksek %11.8 oran ile inflamasyon gözlendi. Epitel hücre anomalilerinin (%1,5) %1,3'ünü skuamöz hücre anomalileri oluşturmaktaydı. Skuamöz hücre anomalileri arasında önemi belirsiz atipik skuamöz hücreler %0.86, düşük dereceli skuamöz intraepitelyal lezyonlar %0.22, şüpheli atipik skuamöz hücre %0.11, yüksek dereceli skuamöz intraepitelyal lezyonlar %0.08 ve skuamöz hücreli karsinom %0.01 idi. %. Atipik endoservikal hücreler (%0.01) en sık görülen glandüler hücre anomalisiydi ve endoservikal adenokarsinom (%0.003) en az görülen idi.
Sonuç: Servikal smear ve HPV DNA testleri servikal intraepitelyal lezyonların tanımlanmasında önemli bir role sahip olduğundan prekanseröz lezyonların invaziv kansere dönüşmesini önlemek için bölgesel ve ulusal tarama programları yaygın olarak kullanılmalıdır.

Keywords

rahim ağzı kanseri, insan papilloma virüsü, tarama, vajinal yayma

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