ALZHEİMER HASTALIĞI'NDA İNFLAMASYON VE OKSİDATİF STRES GÖSTERGESİ OLARAK GALEKTİN-3’ÜN ROLÜ

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 1 - 8, 28.03.2024

Gürkan Güner , Burcu Balam Doğu , Mustafa Kemal Kılıç , Muhammet Cemal Kızılarslanoğlu , Hacer Doğan Varan , Aykut Sağır , Meltem Halil , Filiz Akbıyık , Mustafa Cankurtaran

Abstract

Giriş: Galektin-3 (Gal-3), birçok biyolojik süreçte rol alan multifonksiyonel bir protein olup en önemli rolü akut ve kronik inflamasyondadır. İnflamasyon, ileri yaşta kognitif gerilemenin ve demansın gelişmesinde önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı galektin-3’ün Alzheimer Hastalığı (AH) patogenezindeki inflamasyonun bir göstergesi olup olmadığının ve bir biyobelirteç olarak kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılmasıdır.
Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, 44 Alzheimer hastası ve 44 normal kognitif fonksiyonlu olmak üzere toplam 88 hasta alınmıştır. Bilinen akut veya kronik infeksiyon tanısı olan, kronik inflamatuar hastalığı bulunan hastalar, kanser hastaları ve galektin-3 düzeyini etkileyen romatolojik hastalığı bulunan hastalar dışlanmıştır.
Bulgular: Analizler sonucunda Alzheimer Hastalığı grubunun galektin-3 düzeyi, kontrol grubundan yüksek saptanmıştır. Ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir. Global Detoriasyon Skalası (GDS) evrelemesine göre orta-şiddetli AH (GDS evre 6) grubundaki hastaların galektin-3 düzeyleri hafif-orta evredeki (GDS evre 4-5) hastalara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde yüksek saptanmıştır. Galektin-3 düzeyi ile sayı menzili ileri (r = -0,216 P = 0,043) ve geri (r = -0,233 P = 0,029) testi arasında ters yönde, düşük kuvvette, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir korelasyon saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma, galektin-3'ün Alzheimer Hastalığı'nın patogenezinde inflamasyon ve oksidatif stres göstergesi olarak önemli bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Bu ilişki Alzheimer Hastalığı’nın şiddeti ile ilişkili görünmektedir. Ancak, bu ilişkiyi netleştirmek için daha fazla ve daha kapsamlı prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

Alzheimer Hastalığı, Biyobelirteç, Galektin-3, İnflamasyon, Oksidatif stres

Galectin-3, an Indicator of Inflammation and Oxidation, is Linked with the Severity of Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract

Introduction: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a multifunctional protein implicated in various biological processes, but the best-known role for galectin-3 is in acute and chronic inflammation. Inflammation plays an essential role in developing cognitive decline and dementia in old age. This study aims to investigate if galectin-3 can be an indicator of inflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) pathogenesis and a feasible biomarker of the disease.
Methods: Forty-four Alzheimer’s Disease patients and 44 patients with normal cognitive function were enrolled in the study. Patients with known acute or chronic infections, chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer patients, and patients with rheumatological diseases affecting galectin-3 levels were excluded.
Results: Analysis revealed that the galectin-3 level of the AD group was higher than the control group. However, it was not statistically significant. According to the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS), the galectin-3 levels of patients in the moderately severe AD group (GDS stage 6) were significantly higher than the patients in the mild-moderate AD group (GDS stage 4-5). There was a significant weak negative correlation between galectin-3 levels and the Digit Span Forward (r = - 0.216, P = 0.043) and Backward (r = - 0.233, P = 0.029) tests.
Conclusion: This study suggests that galectin-3 may play a role as an indicator of inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. It appears to be associated with the severity of AD. However, further and more extensive prospective studies are needed to clarify the association.

Keywords

Alzheimer Disease, Biomarker, Galectin-3, Inflammation, Oxidative stress

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