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The Effect of Mask-Distance-Hygiene Measures on Non-COVID-19 Viral Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 73 - 77, 29.07.2024

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of mask-distance and hand hygiene measures on non-COVID-19 viral upper respiratory tract infections during the pandemic period.
Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey study. Patients and their relatives presenting to the chest diseases outpatient clinic were asked by questionnaire about symptoms and signs of seasonal viral upper respiratory tract infections other than COVID-19 before the pandemic and during the first year of the pandemic.
Results: The mean age of the 322 participants was 44.5±15.4 years. Fifty-five percent (n: 177) of participants were women. One hundred thirty-three of the participants had no Upper Respiratory Tract Infection(URTI) history before and after the pandemic. In the pre-pandemic period, the rate of participants admitted to the hospital due to URTI was 1.28 times higher compared to the pandemic period. 34.8% of the participants had not had URTI before COVID-19. 19.6% of these cases had URTI during the pandemic period. The rate of those who had URTI before the pandemic was higher than those who had URTI after the pandemic, and this was statistically significant (p:0.001).
Conclusion: Mask wearing has a major impact on the spread of respiratory viral pathogens and disease prevention. Especially during the seasons when these pathogens occur, ensuring the continued use of mask-distance-hand hygiene rules during the post-pandemic period in the community is a simple and effective method of disease prevention.

References

  • 1. Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomed 2020;91:157-60.
  • 2. Lopez Bernal J, Andrews N, Gower C, et al. Effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines on covid-19 related symptoms, hospital admissions, and mortality in older adults in England: test negative case-control study. BMJ 2021;373:1088-99.
  • 3. Kutter JS, Spronken MI, Fraaij PL, Fouchier RA, Herfst S. Transmission routes of respiratory viruses among humans. Curr Opin Virol 2018;28:142-51.
  • 4. Tang YW, Schmitz JE, Persing DH, Stratton CW. Laboratory diagnosis of COVID- 19: current ıssues and challenges. J Clin Microbiol 2020;58:512-20.
  • 5. Talbot HK, Falsey AR. The diagnosis of viral respiratory disease in older adults. Clin Infect Dis 2010;50:747-51.
  • 6. Tselios K, Tsioka R, Sarantopoulos A, Mouloudi E, Boura P. Influenza A/H1N1 septic shock in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. A case report. BMC Infect Dis 2011;11:358-62.
  • 7. Iuliano AD, Roguski KM, Chang HH, et al. Global seasonal influenza-associated mortality collaborator network. Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality: a modelling study. Lancet 2018;391:1285-300.
  • 8. Jeganathan N, Grewal S, Sathananthan M. Comparison of deaths from COVID-19 and seasonal influenza in the USA. Lung 2021;199:559-61.
  • 9. Olsen SJ, Azziz-Baumgartner E, Budd AP, et al. Decreased influenza activity during the COVID-19 pandemic — United States, Australia, Chile, and South Africa, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:1305–09.
  • 10. SteelFisher GK, Blendon RJ, Bekheit MM, Lubell K. The public's response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. N Engl J Med 2010;362:e65-71.
  • 11. Chu DK, Akl EA, Duda S, Solo K, Yaacoub S, Schünemann HJ. COVID-19 Systematic Urgent Review Group Effort (SURGE) study authors. Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS- CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2020;395:1973-87.
  • 12. Grayson ML, Melvani S, Druce J, Barr IG, Ballard SA, Johnson PD. Efficacy of soap and water and alcohol-based hand-rub preparations against live H1N1 influenza virus on the hands of human volunteers. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48:285-91.
  • 13. Çelebi Sözener Z, Aydın Ö, Demirel YS, et al. Does the medical diagnosis of occupational asthma coincide with the legal diagnosis? J Asthma 2017;54:930-39
  • 14. Çelebi H, Bahadır T, Şimsek İ, Tulun Ş. Coronavirus (COVID-19): What could be the environmental effects of disinfectant use in the pandemic? Med. Sci. Forum 2021;4: 27-34.
  • 15. Dezman ZDW, Stryckman B, Zachrison KS, et al. Masking for COVID-19 is associated with decreased emergency department utilization for non-COVID viral illnesses and respiratory conditions in maryland. Am J Med 2021;134:1247-51.
  • 16. MacIntyre CR, Wang Q, Rahman B, et al. Efficacy of face masks and respirators in preventing upper respiratory tract bacterial colonization and co-infection in hospital healthcare workers. Prev Med 2014;62:1-7.
  • 17. Wee LEI, Conceicao EP, Tan JY, et al. Unintended consequences of infection prevention and control measures during COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Infect Control 2021;49:469-77.
  • 18. Wang Y, Yang J, Qiao F, et al. Compared hand hygiene compliance among healthcare providers before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid review and meta-analysis. Am J Infect Control 2022;50:563-71.
  • 19. Tchouaket NE, Beogo I, Sia D, et al. Economic analysis of healthcare-associated infection prevention and control interventions in medical and surgical units: systematic review using a discounting approach. J Hosp Infect 2020;106:134-54.

Maske-Mesafe-Hijyen Uygulamalarının COVID-19 Dışı Viral Üst Solunum Yolu Hastalıklarına Etkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 73 - 77, 29.07.2024

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada pandemi döneminde uygulanan maske, mesafe ve el hijyeni uygulamalarının COVID-19 dışı üst solunum yolu viral enfeksiyonlarına etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntemler: Araştırma kesitsel anket araştırması olarak dizayn edildi. Göğüs hastalıkları kliniğine başvuran hasta ve hasta yakınlarına pandemi öncesi ve pandemi döneminde ilk bir yıl içerisinde COVID-19 dışı mevsimsel viral üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu semptom ve bulgularının sorgulandığı bir anket uygulandı.
Bulgular: 322 katılımcının yaş ortalaması 44.5±15.4 idi. Katılımcıların %55’i (n: 177) kadındı. 133 katılımcı pandemi öncesi ve sonrası Üst Solunum Yolu Enfeksiyonu(ÜSYE) geçirmemişti. Pandemi öncesi dönemde, pandemi dönemine göre ÜSYE nedeniyle hastaneye başvuranların oranı 1.28 kat daha fazlaydı. Katılımcıların %34.8'i COVID-19 öncesi ÜSYE geçirmemişti. Bu olguların %19.6'sı pandemi döneminde ÜSYE geçirmişti. Pandemi öncesi ÜSYE geçirenlerin oranı pandemi sonrası ÜSYE geçirenlere göre daha yüksekti ve bu istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı. (p:0.001).
Sonuç: Maske kullanımı solunumsal viral patojenlerin yayılmasında, hastalığın önlenmesinde etkili olmuştur. Özellikle bu patojenlerin görüldüğü mevsimlerde pandemi sonrasında da maske-mesafe-el hijyeni kurallarının toplumda uygulanmasının sürekliliğinin sağlanması hastalıkların önlenmesinde basit ve etkili yöntemlerdir

References

  • 1. Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomed 2020;91:157-60.
  • 2. Lopez Bernal J, Andrews N, Gower C, et al. Effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines on covid-19 related symptoms, hospital admissions, and mortality in older adults in England: test negative case-control study. BMJ 2021;373:1088-99.
  • 3. Kutter JS, Spronken MI, Fraaij PL, Fouchier RA, Herfst S. Transmission routes of respiratory viruses among humans. Curr Opin Virol 2018;28:142-51.
  • 4. Tang YW, Schmitz JE, Persing DH, Stratton CW. Laboratory diagnosis of COVID- 19: current ıssues and challenges. J Clin Microbiol 2020;58:512-20.
  • 5. Talbot HK, Falsey AR. The diagnosis of viral respiratory disease in older adults. Clin Infect Dis 2010;50:747-51.
  • 6. Tselios K, Tsioka R, Sarantopoulos A, Mouloudi E, Boura P. Influenza A/H1N1 septic shock in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. A case report. BMC Infect Dis 2011;11:358-62.
  • 7. Iuliano AD, Roguski KM, Chang HH, et al. Global seasonal influenza-associated mortality collaborator network. Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality: a modelling study. Lancet 2018;391:1285-300.
  • 8. Jeganathan N, Grewal S, Sathananthan M. Comparison of deaths from COVID-19 and seasonal influenza in the USA. Lung 2021;199:559-61.
  • 9. Olsen SJ, Azziz-Baumgartner E, Budd AP, et al. Decreased influenza activity during the COVID-19 pandemic — United States, Australia, Chile, and South Africa, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:1305–09.
  • 10. SteelFisher GK, Blendon RJ, Bekheit MM, Lubell K. The public's response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. N Engl J Med 2010;362:e65-71.
  • 11. Chu DK, Akl EA, Duda S, Solo K, Yaacoub S, Schünemann HJ. COVID-19 Systematic Urgent Review Group Effort (SURGE) study authors. Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS- CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2020;395:1973-87.
  • 12. Grayson ML, Melvani S, Druce J, Barr IG, Ballard SA, Johnson PD. Efficacy of soap and water and alcohol-based hand-rub preparations against live H1N1 influenza virus on the hands of human volunteers. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48:285-91.
  • 13. Çelebi Sözener Z, Aydın Ö, Demirel YS, et al. Does the medical diagnosis of occupational asthma coincide with the legal diagnosis? J Asthma 2017;54:930-39
  • 14. Çelebi H, Bahadır T, Şimsek İ, Tulun Ş. Coronavirus (COVID-19): What could be the environmental effects of disinfectant use in the pandemic? Med. Sci. Forum 2021;4: 27-34.
  • 15. Dezman ZDW, Stryckman B, Zachrison KS, et al. Masking for COVID-19 is associated with decreased emergency department utilization for non-COVID viral illnesses and respiratory conditions in maryland. Am J Med 2021;134:1247-51.
  • 16. MacIntyre CR, Wang Q, Rahman B, et al. Efficacy of face masks and respirators in preventing upper respiratory tract bacterial colonization and co-infection in hospital healthcare workers. Prev Med 2014;62:1-7.
  • 17. Wee LEI, Conceicao EP, Tan JY, et al. Unintended consequences of infection prevention and control measures during COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Infect Control 2021;49:469-77.
  • 18. Wang Y, Yang J, Qiao F, et al. Compared hand hygiene compliance among healthcare providers before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid review and meta-analysis. Am J Infect Control 2022;50:563-71.
  • 19. Tchouaket NE, Beogo I, Sia D, et al. Economic analysis of healthcare-associated infection prevention and control interventions in medical and surgical units: systematic review using a discounting approach. J Hosp Infect 2020;106:134-54.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Chest Diseases
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Bilge Akgündüz 0000-0002-9398-5173

Anıl Uçan 0000-0001-8771-6121

Levent Özdemir 0000-0002-3478-5454

Publication Date July 29, 2024
Submission Date May 11, 2024
Acceptance Date July 12, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Akgündüz, B., Uçan, A., & Özdemir, L. (2024). Maske-Mesafe-Hijyen Uygulamalarının COVID-19 Dışı Viral Üst Solunum Yolu Hastalıklarına Etkisi. Eskisehir Medical Journal, 5(2), 73-77.
AMA Akgündüz B, Uçan A, Özdemir L. Maske-Mesafe-Hijyen Uygulamalarının COVID-19 Dışı Viral Üst Solunum Yolu Hastalıklarına Etkisi. Eskisehir Med J. July 2024;5(2):73-77.
Chicago Akgündüz, Bilge, Anıl Uçan, and Levent Özdemir. “Maske-Mesafe-Hijyen Uygulamalarının COVID-19 Dışı Viral Üst Solunum Yolu Hastalıklarına Etkisi”. Eskisehir Medical Journal 5, no. 2 (July 2024): 73-77.
EndNote Akgündüz B, Uçan A, Özdemir L (July 1, 2024) Maske-Mesafe-Hijyen Uygulamalarının COVID-19 Dışı Viral Üst Solunum Yolu Hastalıklarına Etkisi. Eskisehir Medical Journal 5 2 73–77.
IEEE B. Akgündüz, A. Uçan, and L. Özdemir, “Maske-Mesafe-Hijyen Uygulamalarının COVID-19 Dışı Viral Üst Solunum Yolu Hastalıklarına Etkisi”, Eskisehir Med J, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 73–77, 2024.
ISNAD Akgündüz, Bilge et al. “Maske-Mesafe-Hijyen Uygulamalarının COVID-19 Dışı Viral Üst Solunum Yolu Hastalıklarına Etkisi”. Eskisehir Medical Journal 5/2 (July 2024), 73-77.
JAMA Akgündüz B, Uçan A, Özdemir L. Maske-Mesafe-Hijyen Uygulamalarının COVID-19 Dışı Viral Üst Solunum Yolu Hastalıklarına Etkisi. Eskisehir Med J. 2024;5:73–77.
MLA Akgündüz, Bilge et al. “Maske-Mesafe-Hijyen Uygulamalarının COVID-19 Dışı Viral Üst Solunum Yolu Hastalıklarına Etkisi”. Eskisehir Medical Journal, vol. 5, no. 2, 2024, pp. 73-77.
Vancouver Akgündüz B, Uçan A, Özdemir L. Maske-Mesafe-Hijyen Uygulamalarının COVID-19 Dışı Viral Üst Solunum Yolu Hastalıklarına Etkisi. Eskisehir Med J. 2024;5(2):73-7.