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GEBELİK VE DOĞUM SONRASI DÖNEMDE ANNELİK ALGILARININ KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 262 - 268, 25.11.2025

Abstract

Giriş: Bu araştırma, gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemlerinde kadınların algıladıkları annelik öz yeterliliği ile sosyal destek düzeylerini karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca bu iki psikolojik kavram arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek hedeflenmektedir.

Yöntemler: Çalışma, tanımlayıcı, kesitsel ve karşılaştırmalı bir yöntemle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya, 18-40 yaş aralığında bulunan, 57 gebeden ve 57 doğum sonrası kadından oluşan toplam 114 kişi katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, üçüncü basamak bir hastanenin Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Polikliniği'nde gönüllü esasına göre belirlenmiştir. Veriler, Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Algılanan Annelik Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği ve Algılanan Çok Boyutlu Sosyal Destek Ölçeği kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırma bulguları, doğum sonrası dönemdeki kadınların gebelere kıyasla daha yüksek annelik öz yeterliliği (68.1 ± 7.9’a karşı 62.4 ± 8.5, p < 0.001) ve sosyal destek algısına (68.9 ± 10.5’e karşı 63.7 ± 11.2, p = 0.003) sahip olduklarını ortaya koymuştur. Özellikle aile desteğinin annelik öz yeterliliği ile güçlü bir ilişki sergilediği belirlenmiştir. Sosyal destek algısının artması ile annelik rolünde özgüvenin de yükseldiği tespit edilmiştir.

Sonuç: Çalışma, anneliğe geçiş sürecinde sosyal desteğin annelik öz yeterliliğini artırmada kritik bir rol üstlendiğini göstermektedir. Gebelik ve doğum sonrası süreçlerde anne sağlığını desteklemek adına aile ve toplum destek ağlarının güçlendirilmesi önemli bir strateji oluşturmaktadır. Bu alanda, zaman içindeki değişimleri incelemek amacıyla ileriye dönük uzunlamasına araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

References

  • Racine N, Plamondon A, Madigan S, McDonald S, Tough S. Maternal adverse childhood experiences and infant development: A scoping review. Pediatrics. 2021;147(2):e2020024473. doi:10.1542/peds.2020-024473
  • Yu Y, Liu Z, Li S, Chen X. Perceived social support and maternal depression: The mediating role of maternal self-efficacy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1):348. doi:10.1186/s12884-022-04606-8
  • Ginja S, Coad J, Al-Durra M. Parental self-efficacy and infant outcomes: A systematic review. BMC Pediatr. 2023;23(1):192. doi:10.1186/s12887-023-03945-5
  • Shorey S, Chan SW. Predictors of maternal parental self-efficacy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Adv Nurs. 2020;76(5):1114-29. doi:10.1111/jan.14225
  • Akbarzadeh M, Dorri S, Naseri S. The relationship between perceived social support and maternal self-efficacy in postpartum women: A cross-sectional study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2021;47(1):214-21. doi:10.1111/jog.14535
  • Zhou T, Zhang J, Lin L, Lu D. A longitudinal study of maternal self-efficacy and social support during the postpartum period in China. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1):164. doi:10.1186/s12884-022-04529-4
  • Çapik C, Durmaz H. The relationship between social support and postpartum depression. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2019;55(2):242-8. doi:10.1111/ppc.12336
  • Leahy-Warren P, McCarthy G, Corcoran P. First-time mothers: Social support, maternal parental self-efficacy and postnatal depression. J Clin Nurs. 2020;29(11-12):2268-78. doi:10.1111/jocn.15289
  • Romeo DM, Ricci D, Brogna C, Mercuri E. Postpartum adaptation and parenting stress: Risk and protective factors. Eur J Pediatr. 2019;178(10):1515-22. doi:10.1007/s00431-019-03440-4
  • Lissoni B, Ognibeni RM, Rossi G. Maternal well-being and perceived support: A longitudinal study during the COVID-19 pandemic. Midwifery. 2023;120:103591. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2023.103591
  • Kersting A, Röhricht F. Interpersonal support in postpartum mental health: New perspectives. J Affect Disord. 2019;253:312-8. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.077
  • Yu Y, Liu Z, Li S, Chen X. Perceived social support and maternal depression: The mediating role of maternal self-efficacy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1):348. doi:10.1186/s12884-022-04606-8
  • Barnes CR, Adamson-Macedo EN. Perceived maternal parenting self-efficacy (PMP S-E) tool: Development and validation with mothers of hospitalized preterm neonates. J Adv Nurs. 2007;60(5):550-60. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04445.x
  • Ünsal H, Aydın R, Erpolat S. Prematüre bebek annelerine yönelik Algılanan Annelik Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği'nin Türkçeye uyarlanması: Geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Florence Nightingale Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2021;29(1):28-37. doi:10.5152/FNJN.2021.20164
  • Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. J Pers Assess. 1988;52(1):30-41. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2
  • Eker D, Arkar H. Factor structure, validity, and reliability of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Turk J Psychol. 1995;10(34):45-55.
  • Razurel C, Kaiser B, Antonietti JP, Epiney M, Sellenet C. Relationship between perceived perinatal stress and depressive symptoms, anxiety, and parental self-efficacy in primiparous mothers and the role of social support. Women Health. 2017;57(2):154-72. doi:10.1080/03630242.2016.1157125
  • Vismara L, Rollè L, Agostini F, Sechi C, Fenaroli V, Molgora S, Tambelli R. Perinatal well-being: The role of maternal attachment, prenatal attachment, and perceived social support. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2021;39(5):465-79. doi:10.1080/02646838.2020.1804565
  • Zhao X, Zhang Y, Xu F, Zhang L. The effect of perceived social support on postpartum depression: The mediating role of self-efficacy. Front Psychol. 2021;12:655663. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.655663

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD

Year 2025, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 262 - 268, 25.11.2025

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate and compare maternal self-efficacy and perceived social support between pregnant and postpartum women. Additionally, it sought to explore the relationship between maternal self-efficacy and perceived social support across these two critical stages of motherhood.

Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and comparative research design was used. The study population consisted of 114 women, including 57 pregnant and 57 postpartum participants, aged between 18 and 40 years. Participants were recruited from the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of a tertiary hospital. Data were collected through structured face-to-face interviews utilizing the Sociodemographic Data Form, the Perceived Maternal Self-Efficacy Scale (PMSES), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS).

Results: The findings revealed that postpartum women exhibited significantly higher maternal self-efficacy (68.1 ± 7.9 vs. 62.4 ± 8.5, p < 0.001) and perceived social support (68.9 ± 10.5 vs. 63.7 ± 11.2, p = 0.003) compared to pregnant women. A positive correlation was identified between perceived social support and maternal self-efficacy, indicating that women who perceived greater emotional and practical support also reported higher confidence in their maternal roles.

Conclusion: This study shows the pivotal role of social support in fostering maternal self-efficacy during the transition into motherhood. Strengthening family and community support networks could be an effective strategy to enhance maternal well-being during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Further longitudinal research is warranted to explore changes in maternal self-efficacy and support perceptions over time.

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Kayseri University Ethics Committee (Approval number: 116/2023, Date: 09.12.2023). This study followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from the individuals who agreed to participate in the study at the beginning of the online form.

References

  • Racine N, Plamondon A, Madigan S, McDonald S, Tough S. Maternal adverse childhood experiences and infant development: A scoping review. Pediatrics. 2021;147(2):e2020024473. doi:10.1542/peds.2020-024473
  • Yu Y, Liu Z, Li S, Chen X. Perceived social support and maternal depression: The mediating role of maternal self-efficacy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1):348. doi:10.1186/s12884-022-04606-8
  • Ginja S, Coad J, Al-Durra M. Parental self-efficacy and infant outcomes: A systematic review. BMC Pediatr. 2023;23(1):192. doi:10.1186/s12887-023-03945-5
  • Shorey S, Chan SW. Predictors of maternal parental self-efficacy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Adv Nurs. 2020;76(5):1114-29. doi:10.1111/jan.14225
  • Akbarzadeh M, Dorri S, Naseri S. The relationship between perceived social support and maternal self-efficacy in postpartum women: A cross-sectional study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2021;47(1):214-21. doi:10.1111/jog.14535
  • Zhou T, Zhang J, Lin L, Lu D. A longitudinal study of maternal self-efficacy and social support during the postpartum period in China. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1):164. doi:10.1186/s12884-022-04529-4
  • Çapik C, Durmaz H. The relationship between social support and postpartum depression. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2019;55(2):242-8. doi:10.1111/ppc.12336
  • Leahy-Warren P, McCarthy G, Corcoran P. First-time mothers: Social support, maternal parental self-efficacy and postnatal depression. J Clin Nurs. 2020;29(11-12):2268-78. doi:10.1111/jocn.15289
  • Romeo DM, Ricci D, Brogna C, Mercuri E. Postpartum adaptation and parenting stress: Risk and protective factors. Eur J Pediatr. 2019;178(10):1515-22. doi:10.1007/s00431-019-03440-4
  • Lissoni B, Ognibeni RM, Rossi G. Maternal well-being and perceived support: A longitudinal study during the COVID-19 pandemic. Midwifery. 2023;120:103591. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2023.103591
  • Kersting A, Röhricht F. Interpersonal support in postpartum mental health: New perspectives. J Affect Disord. 2019;253:312-8. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.077
  • Yu Y, Liu Z, Li S, Chen X. Perceived social support and maternal depression: The mediating role of maternal self-efficacy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1):348. doi:10.1186/s12884-022-04606-8
  • Barnes CR, Adamson-Macedo EN. Perceived maternal parenting self-efficacy (PMP S-E) tool: Development and validation with mothers of hospitalized preterm neonates. J Adv Nurs. 2007;60(5):550-60. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04445.x
  • Ünsal H, Aydın R, Erpolat S. Prematüre bebek annelerine yönelik Algılanan Annelik Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği'nin Türkçeye uyarlanması: Geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Florence Nightingale Hemşirelik Dergisi. 2021;29(1):28-37. doi:10.5152/FNJN.2021.20164
  • Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. J Pers Assess. 1988;52(1):30-41. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2
  • Eker D, Arkar H. Factor structure, validity, and reliability of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Turk J Psychol. 1995;10(34):45-55.
  • Razurel C, Kaiser B, Antonietti JP, Epiney M, Sellenet C. Relationship between perceived perinatal stress and depressive symptoms, anxiety, and parental self-efficacy in primiparous mothers and the role of social support. Women Health. 2017;57(2):154-72. doi:10.1080/03630242.2016.1157125
  • Vismara L, Rollè L, Agostini F, Sechi C, Fenaroli V, Molgora S, Tambelli R. Perinatal well-being: The role of maternal attachment, prenatal attachment, and perceived social support. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2021;39(5):465-79. doi:10.1080/02646838.2020.1804565
  • Zhao X, Zhang Y, Xu F, Zhang L. The effect of perceived social support on postpartum depression: The mediating role of self-efficacy. Front Psychol. 2021;12:655663. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.655663
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mehmet Çopuroğlu 0009-0008-2375-6253

Özge Baykan Çopuroğlu 0000-0003-1014-8845

Koray Kaya 0009-0000-2587-4941

Publication Date November 25, 2025
Submission Date April 28, 2025
Acceptance Date October 17, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 6 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Çopuroğlu, M., Baykan Çopuroğlu, Ö., & Kaya, K. (2025). A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD. Eskisehir Medical Journal, 6(3), 262-268.
AMA Çopuroğlu M, Baykan Çopuroğlu Ö, Kaya K. A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD. Eskisehir Med J. November 2025;6(3):262-268.
Chicago Çopuroğlu, Mehmet, Özge Baykan Çopuroğlu, and Koray Kaya. “A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD”. Eskisehir Medical Journal 6, no. 3 (November 2025): 262-68.
EndNote Çopuroğlu M, Baykan Çopuroğlu Ö, Kaya K (November 1, 2025) A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD. Eskisehir Medical Journal 6 3 262–268.
IEEE M. Çopuroğlu, Ö. Baykan Çopuroğlu, and K. Kaya, “A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD”, Eskisehir Med J, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 262–268, 2025.
ISNAD Çopuroğlu, Mehmet et al. “A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD”. Eskisehir Medical Journal 6/3 (November2025), 262-268.
JAMA Çopuroğlu M, Baykan Çopuroğlu Ö, Kaya K. A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD. Eskisehir Med J. 2025;6:262–268.
MLA Çopuroğlu, Mehmet et al. “A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD”. Eskisehir Medical Journal, vol. 6, no. 3, 2025, pp. 262-8.
Vancouver Çopuroğlu M, Baykan Çopuroğlu Ö, Kaya K. A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD. Eskisehir Med J. 2025;6(3):262-8.