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ANISOTROPIC IMPACT TOUGHNNESS OF CHOPPED CARBON FIBER REINFORCED NYLON FABRICATED BY MATERIAL-EXTRUSION-BASED ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

Year 2019, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 195 - 203, 01.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.498606

Abstract

3D printed polymer composites are gaining more interest due to weight reduction and high geometrical complexity freedom especially for highly demanding applications such as aerospace and defense. Using the material-extrusion based processes, polymer matrix composite parts with complex geometries can be designed and realized to improve the mechanical properties of pure thermoplastic parts. However, in addition to porosity found at the fracture interfaces, the layered nature additive manufacturing processes may become a limitation for the direct replacement for functional applications. In this study, the results of Charpy impact testing of chopped carbon fiber reinforced nylon fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM) are reported. The effects of the build direction and customized density by different infill strategies on the obtained toughness are presented in comparison to the one of nylon without any reinforcement. The toughness results show a severe anisotropy in toughness and high dependence on the infill strategy.

References

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Year 2019, Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 195 - 203, 01.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.18038/aubtda.498606

Abstract

References

  • [1] Murr LE, Gaytan SM, Medina, F, Lopez H, Martinez E, Machado BI, Hernandez DH, Martinez L, Lopez MI, Wicker RB, Bracke J. Next-generation biomedical implants using additive manufacturing of complex, cellular and functional mesh arrays. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 2010; 368: 1999-2032.
  • [2] Jahan SA, Wu T, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Tovar A, Elmounayri H. Thermo-mechanical design optimization of conformal cooling channels using design of experiments approach. Procedia Manufacturing 2017; 10: 898 – 911.
  • [3] Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing – General Principles – Terminology, ISO / ASTM52900 – 15. Accessed July 2018.
  • [4] Hegab HA. Design for additive manufacturing of composite materials and potential alloys: a review. Manufacturing Rev. 2016; 3: 11, 1-17.
  • [5] Wang R-M, Zheng SR, Zheng Y-P. Introduction to polymer matrix composites. In: Polymer Matrix Composites and Technology. Woodhead Publishing in Materials, 2011.
  • [6] Puigoriol-Forcada J M, Alsina A, Salazar-Martin AG, Gomez-Gras G, Perez, MA. Flexural fatigue properties of polycarbonate fused-deposition modelling specimens. Materials and Design 2018; 155: 414- 421.
  • [7] Baehr F, Westkaemper E. Correlations between Influencing Parameters and Quality Properties of Components Produced by Fused Deposition Modeling. Procedia CIRP 2018; 72: 1214–1219.
  • [8] Tekinalp HL, Kunc V, Velez-Garcia GM, Duty CE, Love LJ, Naskar AK, Blue CA, Ozcan S. Highly oriented carbon fiber-polymer composites via additive manufacturing. Composites Science and Technology 2014; 105: 144- 150.
  • [9] Zhong W, Li F, Zhang Z, Song L, Li Z. Short fiber reinforced composites for fused deposition modeling. Materials Science and Engineering 2001; A301: 125-130.
  • [10] Ning F, Cong W, Qui J,Wei J, Wang S. Additive Manufacturing of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites using fused deposition modeling. Composites Part B 2015; 80: 369-378.
  • [11] Yao X, Luan C, Zhang D, Lan L, Fu J. Evaluation of carbon fiber-embedded 3D printed structures for strengthening and structural-health monitoring. Materials and Design 2017; 114: 424-432.
  • [12] Gardner JM, Sauti G, Kim JW, Cano RJ, Wincheski RA, Stelter CJ, Grimsley BW, Working DC, Siochi EJ. 3-D Printing of multifunctional carbon nanotube yarn reinforced components. Additive Manufacturing 2016; 12: 38-44.
  • [13] Parandoush P, Tucker L, Zhou C, Lin D. Laser Assisted Additive Manufacturing of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. Materials & Design 2017; 131: 186-195.
  • [14] Tian X, Liu T, Yang C, Wang Q, Li D. Interface and performance of 3D printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced PLA composites Composites Part: A 2016; 88: 198-205.
  • [15] Matsuzaki R, 3D Printer Using Continuous Carbon Fiber Composite Materials, http://www.jscm.gr.jp/3Dprinting/images/introduction_CFRP3Dprinter.pdf, last visited on 24.07.2018. 16. Matsuzaki R, Ueda M, Namiki M, et al. Three-dimensional printing of continuous-fiber composites by in-nozzle impregnation. Sci. Rep. 6, 23058; doi: 10.1038/srep23058 (2016).
  • [16] Dickson AN, Barry JN, McDonnel KA, Dowling DP. Fabrication of continuous carbon, glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced polymer composites using additive manufacturing. Additive Manufacturing 2017; 16: 146-152.
  • [17] Girdis J, McCaffrey M, Proust G. Additive Manufacturing of Carbon Fiber and Graphene – Polymer Composites using the technique of Fused Deposition Modelling. Solid Freeform Fabrication 2016: Proceedings of the 26th Annual International, August 8-10 2016, Austin, TX, USA, 864-870.
  • [18] Love LJ, Kunc V, Rios O, Duty CE. The importance of carbon fiber to polymer additive manufacturing. J. Mater. Res. 2014; 29(17): 1893- 1898.
  • [19] Toughness, NDT Education Resource Center, Ed. Larson B, https://www.ndeed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Materials/Mechanical/Toughness.htm, last visited on 25.07.2018.
  • [20] Young D, Wetmore N, Czabaj M. Interlayer fracture toughness of additively manufactured unreinforced andcarbon-fiber-reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. Additive Manufacturing 2018; 22: 508-515.
  • [21] Plastics — Determination of Charpy impact properties Part 1: Non-instrumented impact test, ISO 179-1:2010, Accessed October 2018.
  • [22] van der Klift F. 3D Printed Unidirectional Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers for Aerospace Applications. MSc. Thesis, the Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands, 2017.
  • [23] Bourell D, Kruth J-P, Leu M, Levy G, Rosen D, Beese AM, Clare A. Materials for additive manufacturing. CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology 2017; 66: 659-681.
  • [24] Eiger Software from https://altar.com.tr/donanim/3d-yazici/eiger; last visited on 23.07.2018. [25] Ning F, Cong W, Qui J, Wang S. Additive manufacturing of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic composites using fused deposition modeling: Effects of process parameters on tensile properties. Composites Part B 2015; 80: 369-378.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Evren Yasa 0000-0001-5443-3598

Publication Date June 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 20 Issue: 2

Cite

AMA Yasa E. ANISOTROPIC IMPACT TOUGHNNESS OF CHOPPED CARBON FIBER REINFORCED NYLON FABRICATED BY MATERIAL-EXTRUSION-BASED ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING. Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology A - Applied Sciences and Engineering. June 2019;20(2):195-203. doi:10.18038/aubtda.498606