PHYSIOLOGICAL ANSWERS to METAL TRIGGERED EFFECTS in CROPS

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 9 Sayı: Iconat Special Issue 2021, 14 - 19, 24.12.2021

Elif Oztetik

https://doi.org/10.20290/estubtdb.1009983

Cited By: 1

Öz

Environmental pollution is one of the most important concerns for today's people. The increasing population growth in the world, together with the industrial revolution and its side effects, brings along the risk of reaching healthy food for every newborn and existing population. Contamination and/or accumulation of heavy metals, known as the source of oxidative stress, in foodstuffs and the environment directly affects human health. Since plants are often the first recipients of heavy metals from different environments (such as air, water and soil), it is not surprising that this results in scary scenarios for all living organisms. Therefore, to determine and dispose of the possible downsides in human diet which relates to heavy metals, we examined whether physiological parameters are reliable indicators of oxidative stress in different crop plants. Either with single or combined CdCl2 and PbCl2 treatments, germination percentage, root and shoot lengths and water contents were measured in the roots and shoots of Triticum aestivum cv. Gerek and Hordeum vulgare cv. Çıldır varieties in this study. According to obtained results, it is concluded that heavy metal treatments trigger the oxidative stress in plants, as all parameters measured are dramatically decreased.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Barley, Heavy metals, Germination, Water contents, Wheat

Destekleyen Kurum

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

EKİN BİTKİLERİNDE METALLER İLE TETİKLENEN FİZYOLOJİK YANITLAR

Öz

Çevre kirliliği günümüz insanının en önemli endişelerinden biridir. Dünyada artan nüfus artışı, sanayi devrimi ve yan etkileri ile birlikte her yeni doğan ve mevcut nüfus için sağlıklı besine ulaşma riskini de beraberinde getirmektedir. Oksidatif stres kaynağı olarak bilinen ağır metallerin gıda maddelerindeki ve çevredeki kontaminasyonu ve/veya birikmesi insan sağlığını doğrudan etkiler. Bitkiler genellikle farklı ortamlardan (hava, su ve toprak gibi) ağır metallerin ilk alıcıları olduklarından, bunun tüm canlı organizmalar için korkutucu senaryolarla sonuçlanması şaşırtıcı değildir. Bu nedenle, ağır metallerle ilgili insan beslenmesindeki olası olumsuzlukları belirlemek ve bertaraf etmek için, farklı kültür bitkilerinde fizyolojik parametrelerin güvenilir oksidatif stres indikatörleri olup olmadığını inceledik. Bu çalışmada, tek veya kombine CdCl2 ve PbCl2 uygulamaları ile Triticum aestivum cv. Gerek ve Hordeum vulgare cv. Çıldır çeşitlerinin kök ve sürgünlerinde çimlenme yüzdesi, kök ve sürgün uzunlukları ile su içerikleri ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, ağır metal uygulamalarının bitkilerde oksidatif stresi tetiklediği ve ölçülen tüm parametrelerin önemli ölçüde azaldığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arpa, Ağır metaller, Çimlenme, Su içerikleri, Buğday

Kaynakça

• [1] Villiers F, Ducruix C, Hugouvieux V, Jarno N, Ezan E, Garin J, Junot C, Bourguignon J. Investigating the plant response to cadmium exposure by proteomic and metabolomic approaches. Proteomics 2011; 11: 1650-1663.
• [2] Opik H, Rolfe SA. The physiology of flowering plants. 4th ed. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
• [3] Kramer PJ, Boyer JS. Water relations of plants and soils. San Diego, USA: Academic Press, 1995.
• [4] Öztetik E. Biochemical and physiological responses of metal toxicity in some barley and wheat varieties from Central Anatolia. Biodicon 2016; 9: 12-25.
• [5] Manmathan H, Lapitan NL. Measuring germination percentage in wheat. Bio-protocol 3(16): e 866, 2013. http://www.bio-protocol.org/e866 [Accessed 05 October 2021].
• [6] Wojcik M, Tukendorf A. Cd-tolerance of maize, rye and wheat seedlings. Acta Physiol Plant 1999; 21: 99-107.
• [7] Navarro L, Guitian J. Seed germination and seedling survival of two threatened endemic species of the northwest Iberian Peninsula. Biol Conserv 2003; 109: 313-320.
• [8] Pourrut B, Shahid M, Dumat C, Winterton P, Pinelli E. Lead uptake, toxicity, and detoxification in plants. Rev of Environ Contam Toxicol 2011; 213: 113-136.
• [9] Rahoui S, Chaoui A, El Ferjani E. Membrane damage and solute leakage from germinating pea seed under cadmium stress. J Hazard Mater 2010; 178: 1128-31.
• [10] Moosavi SA, Gharineh MH, Afshari RT, Ebrahimi A. Effects of some heavy metals on seed germination characteristics of canola (Barassica napus), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and safflower (Carthamus tinctorious) to evaluate phytoremediation potential of these crops. J Agric Sci 2012; 4: 11-19.
• [11] Kranner I, Colville L. Metals and Seeds: Biochemical and molecular implications and their significance for seed germination. Environ Exp Bot 2011; 72: 93-105.
• [12] Seregin IV, Ivanov VB. Physiological aspects of cadmium and lead toxic effects on higher plants. Russ J Plant Physiol 2001; 48: 523-544.
• [13] Ahsan N, Lee SH, Lee DG, Lee H, Lee SW, Bahk JD, Lee B-H. Physiological and protein profiles alternation of germinating rice seedlings exposed to acute cadmium toxicity. C R Biol 2007; 330: 735-746.
• [14] Burkhead JL, Gogolin Reynolds KA, Abdel-Ghany SE, Cohu CM, Pilon M. Copper homeostasis. New Phytol 2009; 182: 799-816.
• [15] Lux A, Martinka M, Vaculık M, White PJ. Root responses to cadmium in the rhizosphere: A review. J Exp Bot 2011; 62: 21-37.
• [16] Fahr M, Laplaze L, Bendaou N, Hocher V, El Mzibri M, Bogusz D, Smouni A. Effect of lead on root growth. Front Plant Sci 2013; 4: 175.
• [17] Shafi M, Guoping Z, Bakht J, Khan MA, Islam EU, Dawood MK. Effect of cadmium and salinity stresses on root morphology of wheat. Pak J Bot 2010; 42: 2747-2754.