ALLEVIATING SALT STRESS IN TOMATO PLANTS THROUGH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE PRIMING: DIFFERENTIATIONS OF ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES AND GENE EXPRESSION PATTERNS

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 118 - 132, 30.07.2024

Musa Kar Gökhan Gökpınar Özlem Doğan

https://doi.org/10.18036/estubtdc.1397049

Abstract

Plants, being sessile organisms, rely on their antioxidant systems to respond to the stress factors induced by both abiotic and biotic stresses in their environment. Among abiotic stress factors, salinity and alkalinity pose the most significant challenges to plant growth. To counteract these stresses, plants activate various signalling pathways to enhance their stress tolerance. While a wide range of pesticides, including insecticides and herbicides, are employed to protect agricultural crops from biotic agents, there exists no established practice for fortifying their defence mechanisms against abiotic stresses. This study delves into the effect of H2O2 pre-treatment on mitigating salt stress in tomato seedlings. Four experimental groups were established: control, H2O2, Salt, and Salt+H2O2. The study evaluated changes in chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzyme activities and expressions. The results revealed that priming treatment led to increased chlorophyll levels and reduced MDA accumulation compared to the group only exposed to salt stress. Additionally, the activation of stress-related enzymes was significantly higher in the priming group compared to the group only exposed to salt stress. Expression levels exhibited a statistically significant increase compared to the control group; however, CAT and APX expression levels were found to be lower than those in the the group only exposed to salt stress. These findings suggest that H2O2 priming can enhance plant stress tolerance. Priming can serve as a highly effective tool to alleviate stress in plants; however, the type, concentration, and exposure time of the priming agent are crucial factors in regulating the priming effect

Keywords

Abiotic Stress, Hydrogen Peroxide Priming, Antioxidant Enzymes, Stress Tolerance, Chlorophyll Content

Ethical Statement

Credit authorship contribution statement Musa KAR: Experimental design, Project administration, Conducting Laboratory studies, Writing, and editing– original draft, Gökhan GÖKPINAR: Writing – review & editing, FE-SEM, FTIR, EDX analysis Özlem DOĞAN: Laboratory studies Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Supporting Institution

This study is supported by Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University (Grant number TEZ21F2)

HİDROJEN PEROKSİT PRIMING YOLUYLA DOMATES BİTKİLERİNDE TUZ STRESİNİN AZALTILMASI: ANTİOKSİDAN ENZİM AKTİVİTELERİNİN VE GEN İFADESİNDE MEYDANA GELEN DEĞİŞİMLER

Abstract

Bitkiler sessil yapılarından dolayı çevrelerinde meydana gelen abiyotik ve biyotik streslerin meydana getirdiği strese faktölerina antioksidan sistemleri sayesinde cevap verir. Tuzluluk ve alkalinite bitki için oldukça önemli abiyotik stres faktörlerinin başında gelmektedir. Bitkiler bu streslere karşı toleransını artırmak için çeşitli sinyal yollarını aktive ederek streslere cevap vermeye çalışır. Tarım arazilerinde ekimi yapılan bitkileri biyotik ajanlardan koruyabilmek için pestisidler, herbisitler gibi çok çeşitli zirai ilaç kullanılmaktadır. Buna karşın, abiyotik streslere karşı savunma mekanizmasını güçlendirilecek bilinen yaygın bir uygulama yoktur. Bu çalışmada H2O2 ön uygulamasının Domates fidelerinde tuz stresini hafifletme etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda 4 farklı deney grubu oluşturulmuş (kontol, H2O2, Tuz, Tuz+H2O2) ve klorofil miktarı, MDA akümüslasyonu SOD, CAT, APX enzim aktivitelerinde ve ekspresyonunda meydana gelen değişimler incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda priming uygulamasından sonra yalnız tuz stresi uygulanan gruba göre klorofil miktarında artış MDA birikiminde azalma meydana gelmiştir. Ayrıca, stres alakalı enzimlerin aktivasyonu yalnızca tuz stresi uygulanan gruptan anlamlı düzeyde yüksek çıkmıştır. Ekspresyon seviyeleri kontrole göre istatiksel olarak önemli düzeyde artış göstermiş, ancak CAT ve APX ekspresyon seviyeleri yalnızca tuz stresi uygulanan gruptan düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak H2O2 priming uygulaması bitkinin stres toleransının artırılmasına yardımcı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Priming yöntemi bitkiler için stres etkisini hafifletmede oldukça fonksiyonel bir araç olarak kullanılabilir ancak priming ajanının çeşidi, konsantrasyonu ve maruziyet süresi primingin etkisinin düzenlenmesi için oldukça önemli unsur olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Abiyotik Stres, Hidrojen Peroksit Priming, Antioksidan Enzimler, Stres Toleransı, Klorofil İçeriği

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