ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ŞİŞMANLIĞA YÖNELİK TUTUM VE İNANÇLARIN GELİŞTİRİLMESİNDE BESLENME VE EGZERSİZ EĞİTİMİNİN ETKİSİ: ELAZIĞ İL ÖRNEĞİ

Abstract

Bu araştırma beslenme ve egzersiz eğitiminin öğrencilerin şişmanlığa yönelik tutum ve inançlarının geliştirilmesine olan etkisini belirlemek amacıyla, ön test-son test, kontrol gruplu ve yarı deneysel olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırma 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim dönemi güz yarıyılında Ekim-Kasım 2019 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi’nde okuyan, 25 müdahale (kilolu veya şişman) ve 25 kontrol grubu (normal kilolu) olmak üzere toplam 50 kız öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Ön-test verilerinin toplanmasında müdahale ve kontrol grubundaki öğrencilere kişisel bilgi formu ve Obesite Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği (OSİMÖ) uygulanmıştır. Daha sonra müdahale grubundaki öğrenciler 6 hafta süreli ve haftada 2 saatlik sağlıklı beslenme ve egzersiz eğitim programına alınmıştır. Müdahale ve kontrol grubundaki öğrencilere çalışmanın başlangıcında uygulanan OSİMÖ, eğitim sonunda tekrarlanarak son test verileri toplanmıştır. Müdahale ve kontrol gruplarının OSİMÖ alt boyut puanlarının eğitim öncesi ve eğitim sonrası karşılaştırılması yapıldığında; müdahale grubunun sağlığın önemi, algılanan duyarlılık, algılanan ciddiyet, algılanan yarar ve algılanan engel boyutlarında farkın anlamlı olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Kontrol grubunun OSİMÖ alt boyut puanları farklılık göstermemiştir (p>0,05). Sonuç olarak şişman öğrencilere verilen beslenme ve egzersiz eğitimi sonrasında öğrencilerin şişmanlığa yönelik inançlarında olumlu yönde değişim sağlanmıştır. Şişman ve şişmanlık riski bulunan kişilere sağlık inanç modeli temelli danışmanlık hizmetlerinin sunulması ve şişmanlığa yönelik tutum ve inançları değerlendiren başka çalışmaların yapılması önerilebilir.

Keywords

• Obezite
• sağlık inanç modeli
• üniversite öğrencileri

THE EFFECT OF NUTRITION AND EXERCISE EDUCATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ATTITUDE AND BELIEF OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS TOWARDS OBESITY: CASE OF ELAZIĞ PROVINCE

Abstract

In order to determine the effect of nutrition and exercise education on the development of students' attitudes and beliefs towards obesity, this study was conducted with a control group quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design. The research was conducted in the fall semester of the 2019-2020 academic year between October November 2019. The study group consisted of 50 female students, 25 experimental (overweight or obese), and 25 control groups (normal weight), studying at Fırat University Faculty of Health Sciences. In order to collect pretest data, a personal information form and Health Belief Model Scale in Obesity (HBMSO) were applied to the students in the experimental and control groups. Later, the students in the experimental group were taken to a 6-week program with 2 hours of healthy nutrition and exercise education per week. HBMSO, which was applied to the students in the experimental and control groups at the beginning of the study, was repeated at the end of the education, thus the posttest data were collected. When the before and after education HBMSO sub-dimension scores of the experimental and control groups were compared; The difference in the attitude to importance of health, perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, perceived usefulness, and perceived disability dimensions in the experimental group was found to be significant (p<0.001). HBMSO subscale scores of the control group did not show any difference (p>0.05). As a result, after nutrition and exercise education given to obese students, a positive change was achieved in students' beliefs about obesity.

Keywords

• Obesity
• health belief model
• university students

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