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COVID-19’A İLİŞKİN AŞI KARARSIZLIĞINA ETKİ EDEN FAKTÖRLER: TÜRKİYE’DEN BİR ONLINE ANKET ÇALIŞMASI

Year 2022, , 73 - 82, 31.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.963197

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı bireylerin COVID-19 konusunda aşı kararsızlığı tutumuna etki eden bazı demografik özellikler ile hastalık korkusu ve hijyen davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Bu araştırma kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi yöntemiyle 2021 yılında yapılmıştır. Çukurova ve İnönü Üniversiteleri Halk Sağlığı bölümü araştırmacıları tarafından tıp ve sağlık bilimleri öğrencilerinin mail adreslerine online anket formu gönderilmiştir ve her öğrencinin online platformlardan (mail, WhatsApp, İnstagram, Facebook) iletişimde olduğu kişilere anketi göndermesi istenmiştir. Veri toplama araçları olarak, sosyodemografik bilgi anketi, COVID-19 Korkusu Ölçeği ve altı alt boyutu olan COVID-19 Hijyen Ölçeği (C. alpha değerleri sırasıyla 0,88 ve 0,91 olan) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Binary lojistik regresyonu kullanılmıştır. Online anketimize katılan 1753 kişinin yaş ortalaması 31,60±14,79 (min=18 max=95)’dur. Ankete katılan 1753 kişinin %15,8’i COVID-19 hastalığını geçirmiştir ve sağlık meslek mensubu olan %18,3’ü COVID-19 aşısı olmuştur. Aşı yapılmamış olan kişiler için kurulan lojistik regresyon analiz modelinin bağımlı değişkeni aşı tutumudur. Modelde aşı yaptırmak istemeyen ve kararsızlar risk grubu olarak tanımlanmışlardır. Modele dahil edilen bağımsız değişkenlerden cinsiyet, eğitim, yaş, değişen hijyen davranışları, sosyal mesafe ve maske kullanımı, alışveriş hijyeni, dışardan eve gelince hijyenik davranışlara dikkat eme bağımlı değişkenle ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Kadınlarda aşı kararsızlığı riski 1,4 kat, lise altı eğitim seviyesinde olanlarda 1,4 kat, 65 yaş altı kişilerde 2,2 kat daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0,001). Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 hastalığı korkusunun aşı tereddütünü tahmin etmede etkili olmadığı, sosyal mesafe ve maske kullanımının ve bazı hijyen davranışlarına uyumun aşı tereddüt riskini tahmin etmede etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.

References

  • 1- Erkekoğlu P, Köse SBE, Balcı A, Yirün A. Aşı kararsızlığı ve COVID-19’un etkileri. J Lit Pharm Sci. 2020;9(2):208-20. doi:10.5336/pharmsci.2020-76102.
  • 2- Wilson SL, Wiysonge C. Social media and vaccine hesitancy. BMJ Global Health 2020;5:e004206. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004206.
  • 3- Callaway E. The race for coronavirus vaccines: a graphical guide. Nature. 2020;580:576–7. doi: 10.1038/d41586-020-01221-y.
  • 4- Altun Y. Covid-19 Pandemisinde Kaygı Durumu ve Hijyen Davranışları. STED/Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi. doi:10.17942/sted.777035.
  • 5- Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and positivity: Mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2020. doi:10.1007/s11469-020-00331-y.
  • 6- Çiçek B, Şahin H, Erkal S. “Covid-19 Hijyen Ölçeği”: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması. Electronic Turkish Studies, 2020;15:(6). Doi: 10.7827/TurkishStudies.45906
  • 7- Lin Y, Hu Z, Zhao Q, Alias H, Danaee M, Wong LP. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine demand and hesitancy: A nationwide online survey in China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(12):e0008961. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008961.
  • 8- Han B, Wang S, Wan Y, Liu J, Zhao T, Cui J, et al. Has the public lost confidence in vaccines because of a vaccine scandal in China. Vaccine. 2019;37(36):5270–5. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.07.052.
  • 9- Dror AA, Eisenbach N, Taiber S, Morozov NG, Mizrachi M, Zigron A, et al. Vaccine hesitancy: the next challenge in the fight against COVID-19. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020;35(8):775-9. doi:10.1007/s10654-020-00671-y.
  • 10- Lucia VC, Kelekar A, Afonso NM. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among medical students. J Public Health (Oxf). 2020:fdaa230. doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdaa230.
  • 11- Kwok KO, Li KK, Wei WI, Tang A, Wong SYS, Lee SS. Editor's Choice: Influenza vaccine uptake, COVID-19 vaccination intention and vaccine hesitancy among nurses: A survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2021;114:103854. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103854.
  • 12- Barello S, Nania T, Dellafiore F, Graffigna G, Caruso R. 'Vaccine hesitancy' among university students in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020;35(8):781-3. doi:10.1007/s10654-020-00670-z.
  • 13- Coustasse A, Kimble C, Maxik K. COVID-19 and Vaccine Hesitancy: A Challenge the United States Must Overcome. J Ambul Care Manage. 2021;44(1):71-5. doi:10.1097/JAC.0000000000000360.
  • 14- Freeman D, Loe BS, Chadwick A, Vaccari C, Waite F, Rosebrock L, et al. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK: the Oxford coronavirus explanations, attitudes, and narratives survey (Oceans) II. Psychol Med. 2020:1-15. doi:10.1017/S0033291720005188.
  • 15- Salali GD, Uysal MS. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is associated with beliefs on the origin of the novel coronavirus in the UK and Turkey. Psychol Med. 2020;19:1-3. doi:10.1017/S0033291720004067.
  • 16- Sallam M, Dababseh D, Eid H, Al-Mahzoum K, Al-Haidar A, Taim D, et al. High Rates of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Its Association with Conspiracy Beliefs: A Study in Jordan and Kuwait among Other Arab Countries. Vaccines (Basel). 2021;9(1):42. doi:10.3390/vaccines9010042

FACTORS AFFECTING COVID-19 VACCINE HESITANCY: A ONLINE SURVEY STUDY IN TURKEY

Year 2022, , 73 - 82, 31.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.963197

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the relationship between some demographic characteristics and fear of disease and hygiene behaviour that could affect COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The study was performed in 2021 using convenience sampling method. The researchers from the Departments of Public Health of Çukurova and İnönü Universities e-mailed an online questionnaire to medicine and health sciences students who were asked to forward it to people they communicate with through online platforms like e-mail, WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook. The data collected by sociodemographic questionnaire, COVID-19 Fear Scale and COVID-19 Hygiene Scale with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 88 and 91, respectively, were analysed by binary logistic regression. The mean age of 1,753 participants of the online survey was 31.60±14.79 (min=18-max=95) among them 1,753 (15.8%) reported to have had COVID-19 disease and 18.3% who were healthcare professionals were vaccinated against COVID-19. The dependent variable of the logistic regression model established for unvaccinated individuals was attitude for vaccination. Those who refused or were hesitant for vaccination consisted the risk group in the model. Among the independent variables included in the model, gender, educational level, age, changing hygiene behaviours, social distance and use of masks, shopping hygiene, and attention to hygienic behaviours when coming home from outside were found to be associated with dependent variable. The risk of vaccine hesitancy was found to be 1.4 times higher in women, 1.4 times higher in those with an education level below high school, and 2.2 times higher in people younger than 65 years of age (p<0.001). In this study, it was determined that the fear of COVID-19 disease was not effective in estimating vaccine hesitancy, whereas social distance and the use of masks and compliance to some hygiene behaviours were effective in estimating the risk of vaccine hesitancy.

References

  • 1- Erkekoğlu P, Köse SBE, Balcı A, Yirün A. Aşı kararsızlığı ve COVID-19’un etkileri. J Lit Pharm Sci. 2020;9(2):208-20. doi:10.5336/pharmsci.2020-76102.
  • 2- Wilson SL, Wiysonge C. Social media and vaccine hesitancy. BMJ Global Health 2020;5:e004206. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004206.
  • 3- Callaway E. The race for coronavirus vaccines: a graphical guide. Nature. 2020;580:576–7. doi: 10.1038/d41586-020-01221-y.
  • 4- Altun Y. Covid-19 Pandemisinde Kaygı Durumu ve Hijyen Davranışları. STED/Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi. doi:10.17942/sted.777035.
  • 5- Bakioğlu F, Korkmaz O, Ercan H. Fear of COVID-19 and positivity: Mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2020. doi:10.1007/s11469-020-00331-y.
  • 6- Çiçek B, Şahin H, Erkal S. “Covid-19 Hijyen Ölçeği”: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması. Electronic Turkish Studies, 2020;15:(6). Doi: 10.7827/TurkishStudies.45906
  • 7- Lin Y, Hu Z, Zhao Q, Alias H, Danaee M, Wong LP. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine demand and hesitancy: A nationwide online survey in China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(12):e0008961. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008961.
  • 8- Han B, Wang S, Wan Y, Liu J, Zhao T, Cui J, et al. Has the public lost confidence in vaccines because of a vaccine scandal in China. Vaccine. 2019;37(36):5270–5. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.07.052.
  • 9- Dror AA, Eisenbach N, Taiber S, Morozov NG, Mizrachi M, Zigron A, et al. Vaccine hesitancy: the next challenge in the fight against COVID-19. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020;35(8):775-9. doi:10.1007/s10654-020-00671-y.
  • 10- Lucia VC, Kelekar A, Afonso NM. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among medical students. J Public Health (Oxf). 2020:fdaa230. doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdaa230.
  • 11- Kwok KO, Li KK, Wei WI, Tang A, Wong SYS, Lee SS. Editor's Choice: Influenza vaccine uptake, COVID-19 vaccination intention and vaccine hesitancy among nurses: A survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2021;114:103854. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103854.
  • 12- Barello S, Nania T, Dellafiore F, Graffigna G, Caruso R. 'Vaccine hesitancy' among university students in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020;35(8):781-3. doi:10.1007/s10654-020-00670-z.
  • 13- Coustasse A, Kimble C, Maxik K. COVID-19 and Vaccine Hesitancy: A Challenge the United States Must Overcome. J Ambul Care Manage. 2021;44(1):71-5. doi:10.1097/JAC.0000000000000360.
  • 14- Freeman D, Loe BS, Chadwick A, Vaccari C, Waite F, Rosebrock L, et al. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK: the Oxford coronavirus explanations, attitudes, and narratives survey (Oceans) II. Psychol Med. 2020:1-15. doi:10.1017/S0033291720005188.
  • 15- Salali GD, Uysal MS. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is associated with beliefs on the origin of the novel coronavirus in the UK and Turkey. Psychol Med. 2020;19:1-3. doi:10.1017/S0033291720004067.
  • 16- Sallam M, Dababseh D, Eid H, Al-Mahzoum K, Al-Haidar A, Taim D, et al. High Rates of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Its Association with Conspiracy Beliefs: A Study in Jordan and Kuwait among Other Arab Countries. Vaccines (Basel). 2021;9(1):42. doi:10.3390/vaccines9010042
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences, Public Health, Environmental Health
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Burak Mete 0000-0002-0780-6176

Esra Doğan 0000-0001-9417-0032

Ceren Kanat 0000-0003-4858-9275

Erkan Pehlivan 0000-0002-4361-3355

Hakan Demirhindi 0000-0001-7475-2406

Publication Date January 31, 2022
Submission Date July 6, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

Vancouver Mete B, Doğan E, Kanat C, Pehlivan E, Demirhindi H. COVID-19’A İLİŞKİN AŞI KARARSIZLIĞINA ETKİ EDEN FAKTÖRLER: TÜRKİYE’DEN BİR ONLINE ANKET ÇALIŞMASI. ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Dergisi. 2022;7(1):73-82.

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