EXAMINING PREDICTIVE FACTORS OF THE STUDENT MIDWIVES' ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS ABOUT SEXUALITY DURING PREGNANCY WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF SEXUAL COUNSELING

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 93 - 104, 30.05.2021

Burcu Avcıbay , Şule Gökyıldız Sürücü

https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.876641

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Pregnant women and their partners are especially vulnerable to the long-term decrease in sexual activity due to pregnancy-related symptoms and/or negative beliefs and attitudes affecting sexuality. In this regard, sexual consultation and attitudes of consultant about sexuality are an important point for especially midwives. This study aims to examine predictive factors of the student midwives' attitudes and beliefs about sexuality during pregnancy within the framework of sexual counseling role. The study was designed as a cross-sectional and descriptive web based survey. The study was conducted with 365 undergraduate midwifery students enrolled in a public university. Student midwives had medium-level negative attitudes and beliefs about sexuality during pregnancy. The presence of the attitudes and beliefs about sexuality during pregnancy was found to be associated with sexual counseling comfort (p<0.01). Regression models showed that having adequate knowledge about sexual counseling, experience of presenting this knowledge, cultural doctrines, sexual information topics and time of initiating counseling were effective predictors of the decrease in negative attitudes and beliefs in sexuality during pregnancy (R=0.196-0.361, p<0.01). Findings showed that individual attitudes and beliefs during pregnancy can affect counseling skills and content.

Keywords

Sexuality, pregnancy, sexual beliefs, midwife, sexual counseling

ÖĞRENCİ EBELERİN GEBELİKTE CİNSELLİK KONUSUNDAKİ TUTUM VE İNANÇLARINI YORDAYICI FAKTÖRLERİN CİNSEL DANIŞMANLIK ÇERÇEVESİNDE İNCELENMESİ

Abstract

Gebe kadınlar ve eşleri, gebelikle ilgili semptomlar ve/veya cinselliği etkileyen olumsuz inanç ve tutumlar nedeniyle, özellikle cinsel aktivitede uzun vadeli azalmaya karşı savunmasızdırlar. Bu bakımdan cinsel danışmanlık ve danışmanın cinselikle ilgili tutumları özellikle ebeler için önemli bir noktadır. Bu araştırmada ebelerin gebelikte cinselliğe ilişkin tutum ve inançlarının yordayıcı faktörlerinin cinsel danışmanlık rolü çerçevesinde incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Türkiye'de bir devlet üniversitesine kayıtlı 365 lisans ebelik öğrencisi ile yapılmıştır. Öğrenci ebeler, gebelikte cinsellikle ilgili orta düzeyde olumsuz tutum ve inançlara sahiptir. Gebelikte cinsellikle ilgili tutum ve inançların varlığı, cinsel danışmanlık konforu ile ilişkili bulunmuştur (p<0,01). Regresyon modelleri, cinsel danışmanlık hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmanın, bu bilgiyi sunma deneyiminin, kültürel doktrinlerin, cinsel danışmanlık konularının ve danışmanlığa başlama zamanının, gebelikte cinselliğe yönelik olumsuz tutum ve inançlardaki azalmanın etkili yordayıcıları olduğunu göstermiştir (R=0,196-0,361, p<0,01). Bulgular, bireysel cinsel tutum ve inançların danışmanlık becerilerini ve içeriğini etkileyebileceğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

Cinsellik, gebelik, cinsel inançlar, ebe, cinsel danışmanlık

References

• 1. World Health Organization. Defining sexual health: report of a technical consultation on sexual health, 28-31 January 2002, WHO Web site, 2006. [cited 2020 Jul 20] Available from: https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/sexual_health/defining_sexual_health.pdf?ua=1.
• 2. Jamali S, Javadpour S, Alborzi M, Haghbeen M, Mosallanezhad Z. A study of men's sexuality and their attitude during their wives' pregnancy. J Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2018;12(5):24-8. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2018/32004.11555.
• 3. Smith A, Lyons A, Ferris J, Richters J, Marian P, Shelley J, Simpson JM. Sexual and relationship satisfaction among heterosexual men and women: The importance of desired frequency of sex. J Sex Marital Ther. 2011; 37(2):104-15. doi:10.1080/0092623X.2011.560531.
• 4. Gokyildiz S, Beji NK. The effects of pregnancy on sexual life. J Sex Marital Ther. 2005; 31(3):201-15. doi:10.1080/00926230590513410.
• 5. Jawed-Wessel S, Herbenick D, Schick VJ, Fortenberry D, Cattelona G, Reece M. Development and validation of the maternal and partner sex during pregnancy scales. J Sex Marital Ther. 2016; 42(8): 681-701. doi:10.1080/0092623X.2015.1113587.
• 6. Jawed-Wessel S, Sevick E. The impact of pregnancy and childbirth on sexual behaviors: a systematic review. J Sex Res. 2017;54(4-5):411-23. doi:10.1080/00224499.2016.1274715.
• 7. Nakić Radoš S, Soljačić Vraneš H, Šunjić M. Sexuality during pregnancy: What is important for sexual satisfaction in expectant fathers? J Sex Marital Ther. 2015;41(3):282-93. doi: 10.1080/0092623X.2014.889054.
• 8. Beveridge JK, Vannier SA, Rosen NO. Fear-based reasons for not engaging in sexual activity during pregnancy: associations with sexual and relationship well-being. J Psychosom Obstet Gynecol.2018;39(2):138-45. doi:10.1080/0167482X.2017.1312334.
• 9. Fok WY, Chan LY, Yuen PM. Sexual behavior and activity in Chinese pregnant women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scan. 2005; 84(10):934-38. doi:10.1080/j.0001-6349.2005.00743.x.
• 10. Liu HI, Hsu P, Chen KH. Sexual activity during pregnancy in Taiwan: A qualitative study. J Sex Med. 2013;1(2):54-61. doi:10.1002/sm2.13.
• 11. Ribeiro MC, de Tubino Scanavino M, do Amaral MLSA, de Moraes Horta AL, Torloni MR. Beliefs about sexual activity during pregnancy: a systematic review of the literature. J Sex Marital Ther. 2017;43(8): 822-32. doi:10.1080/0092623X.2017.1305031.
• 12. Vannier SA, Rosen NO. Sexual distress and sexual problems during pregnancy: associations with sexual and relationship satisfaction. J Sex Med. 2017;14:387-95. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.12.239.
• 13. Corbacioglu A, Bakir VL, Akbayir O, Cilesiz Goksedef BP, Akca A. The role of pregnancy awareness on female sexual function in early gestation. J Sex Med. 2012;9(7):1897-903. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02740.x.
• 14. Shojaa M, Jouybari L, Sanagoo A. The sexual activity during pregnancy among a group of Iranian women. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009;279(3):353-56. doi:10.1007/s00404-008-0735-z.
• 15. American Nurses Association. 2015. Nursing: Scope and standards of practice. 3rd ed. Silver Spring, MD. ANA Web site 2015. [cited 2020 Nov 25] Available from: https://www.iupuc.edu/health-sciences/files/Nursing-ScopeStandards-3E.pdf.
• 16. International Confederation of Midwives. International definition of the midwife. ICM Web site 2017 [cited 2020 Nov 25] Available from: https://www.internationalmidwives.org/assets/files/definitions-files/2018/06/eng-definition_of_the_midwife-2017.pdf.
• 17. Areskoug-Josefsson K, Gard G. Sexual health as a part of physiotherapy: The voices of physiotherapy students. Sex Disabil. 2015;33(4):513-32. doi: 10.1007/s11195-015-9403-y.
• 18. Krebs LU. Sexual assessment: research and clinical. Nurs Clin North Am. 2007;42(4):515-29. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2007.07.004.
• 19. Papaharitou S, Nakopoulou E, Moraitou M, Tsimtsiou Z, Konstantinidou E, Hatzichristou D. Exploring sexual attitudes of students in health professions. J Sex Med. 2008;5(6):1308-16. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00826.x.
• 20. Sung SC, Huang HC, Lin MH. Relationship between the knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy on sexual health care for nursing students. J Prof Nurs. 2015;31(3):254-61. doi:10.1016/j.profnurs.2014.11.001.
• 21. Salcan E, Gokyildiz Surucu S. Development and psychometric evaluation of the attitudes and beliefs scale about sexuality during pregnancy. J Sex Marital Ther. 2020;46(5):435-46. doi:10.1080/0092623X.2020.1749741.
• 22. Reynolds KE, Magnan, MA. Nursing attitudes and beliefs toward human sexuality: Collaborative research promoting evidence-based practice. Clinic Nurse Spec. 2005;19(5):255-9.
• 23. Ayhan H, Iyigun E, Tastan S, Coskun H. Turkish version of the reliability and validity study of the sexual attitudes and belief survey. Sex Disabil. 2010; 28(4):287-96. doi: 10.1007/s11195-010-9157-5.
• 24. Turgut N, Gölbasi Z. Sexuality assessment knowledge, attitude, and skill of nursing students: an experimental study with control group. International Journal of Nursing Knowledge. 2016;28:123-30.
• 25. Ören B, Zengin N, Yazıcı S, Akıncı AÇ. Attitudes, beliefs and comfort levels of midwifery students regarding sexual counseling in Turkey. Midwifery. 2018;56:152-7. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2017.10.014.
• 26. Erenel AS, Ozdemir SÇ. Attitude and behaviors of senior nursing students in assessment of sexual health. Sex Disabil. 2020; 38: 503-14. doi:10.1007/s11195-020-09642-3.
• 27. Areskoug-Josefsson K, Juuso P, Gard G, Rolander B, Larsson A. Health care students' attitudes toward addressing sexual health in their future profession: Validity and reliability of a questionnaire. Int J Sex Health. 2016; 28(3): 243-50. doi: 10.1080/19317611.2016.1199453.
• 28. Saunamäki N, Andersson M, Engström M. Discussing sexuality with patients: nurses' attitudes and beliefs. J Adv Nurs. 2010; 66: 1308-16. doi:10.1111/j.13652648.2010.05260.x.
• 29. Ozan YD, Duman M, Çiçek Ö. Nursing students’ experiences on assessing the sexuality of patients: mixed method study. Sex Disabil. 2019;37: 613-23. doi:10.1007/s11195-019-09567-6.
• 30. Kim JH. Factors influencing barriers to addressing patients’ sexual health among clinical nurse. Journal of Korean Academy of Adult Nursing. 2010;22:113-20.
• 31. Sibil T, Judith A, Johannes B, Susanne MG. Contraceptive counseling by gynecologists–which ıssues are discussed and does gender play a role. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2007;28:13-9. doi:10.1080/01674820601096120.
• 32. Bal MD, Sahiner NC. Turkish nursing students’ attitudes and beliefs regarding sexual health. Sex Disabil. 2015;33:223-31. doi: 10.1007/s11195-014-9388-y.
• 33. Golbası Z, Evcili F, Eroglu K, Bircan H. Sexual Myths Scale [SMS]: development, validity and reliability in Turkey. Sex Disabil. 2016;34:75-87. doi:10.1007/s11195-016-9430-3.
• 34. Yılmaz M, Karataş B. Opinions of student nurses on sexual myths; a phenomenological study. Sex Disabil. 2018;36:277-89. doi:10.1007/s11195-018-9517-0.