Kınalı keklik (Alectoris chukar) etinde listeria türlerinin varlığının araştırılması

Year 2014, Volume: 30 Issue: 1, 20 - 24, 01.03.2014

Gürkan Uçar Nihat Telli K. Kaan Tekinşen A. Ezgi Telli H. Ahu Kahraman

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, keklik etlerinde Listeria spp. ve patojen tür olan Listeria monocytogenes’in varlığı araştırılarak insidensinin ve dolayısıyla halk sağlığı bakımından öneminin ortaya konması amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmada, 10 erkek ve 10 dişi olmak üzere 20 adet keklik eti kullanıldı. Numuneler, keklik yetiştiriciliği yapılan özel bir çiftlikten temin edildi. Kanatlı kesiminin yapıldığı özel bir kesimhanede kesilip aseptik şartlarda soğuk koşullar altında laboratuara getirilip analize alındı. Listeria spp.’nin izolasyon ve identifikasyonunda Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tarafından bildirilen yöntem kullanıldı.Bulgular: İncelenen 20 keklik numunesinden bir erkek ve bir dişi olmak üzere 2’sinin (%10) Listeria spp. ile kontamine olduğu tespit edildi. Kontamine iki numuneden izole edilen 10 izolatın 5’i (%50) L. innocua, 4’ü (%40) L. grayi ve 1’i (%10) L. welshimeri olarak identifiye edildi. Öneri: Elde edilen bulgular, keklik etinin halk sağlığı açısından risk oluşturabileceğini ve bazı önlemlerin alınması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu amaçla, özellikle yetiştirme ve kesimhane işletmelerinin hijyen kalitesinin yükseltilmesi, çapraz bulaşmaların önlenmesi ve tüketim aşamasına kadar soğuk zincirin sağlanmasının önem arz ettiği kanaatine varılmıştır.

Keywords

Listeria spp., keklik, halk sağlığı

Investigations on Listeria spp. in partridge (Alectoris chukar) meat

Abstract

Aim: In this study, it was aimed that to determine the presence of Listeria spp. and especially Listeria monocytogenes in partridge meats for putting forth the importance on public health. Materials and Methods: The survey included 10 male and 10 female partridge carcasses. Samples were obtained from a private farm which performs partridge breeding. After the cutting of partridges under aseptic conditions in a private slaughterhouse, samples were brought in to the laboratory and analyzed. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) method was used for the isolation and identification. Results: Two of the (10%) samples analyzed were found to be contaminated with Listeria spp. 10 isolates collected from the contaminated samples. These samples identified as L. innocua (5, 50%), L. grayi (4, 40%) and L. welshimeri (1, 10%). Conclusions: As a result, findings showed us partridge meat may be a public health risk and preventive measures should be taken. For this purpose hygienic conditions have to be proven on breeding and slaughtering enterprises, prevent cross- contamination and kept the cold chain until consumption.

Keywords

Listeria spp., partridge, public health

References

• Banwart GJ, 1989. Listeria, in: Basic Food Microbiology, third edition, Connecticut, Avi Publishing Company, USA, pp: 297-299
• Barbalho TCF, Almeida PF, Almeida RCC, Hofer E, 2005. Prevalence of Listeria spp. at a poultry processing plant in Brazil and a phage test for rapid confirmation of suspect colonies. Food Cont, 16, 3, 211-216.
• Berktaş M, Bozkurt EN, Bozkurt H, Alişarlı M, Güdücüoğlu H, 2006. Et ve et ürünlerinden Listeria monocytogenes’in izolasyonu. Van Tıp Derg, 13, 2, 36-41.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: 24/7:cited 2012 Aug 10. Available from: www.cdc.gov/listeria/statistics. html.
• Çetin O, Kırıkçı K, 2000. Keklik yetiştiriciliği, in: Alternatif Kanatlı Yetiştiriciliği, Konya Selçuk Üni Vakıf Yayınları, Konya, pp: 93-107.
• Efe M, 2005. Ankara Garnizonunda Tüketime Sunulan Tavuk Etlerinin Mikrobiyolojik Analizi, Erciyes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Master Thesis, Kayseri.
• El-Malek AMA, Ali SFH, Hassanein R, Mohamed MA, Elsayh I, 2010. Occurrence of Listeria species in meat, chicken products and human stools in Assiut city, Egypt with PCR use for rapid identification Listeria monocytogenes. Vet World, 3, 8, 353-359.
• Erol İ, 2007. Listeria monocytogenes, in: Gıda Hijyeni ve Teknolojisi, first edition, Pozitif matbaacılık, Anakara, pp: 126- 134.
• Fallah AA, Saei-Dehkordi SS, Rahnama M, Tahmasby H, Mahzounieh M, 2012. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Listeria species isolated from poultry products marketed in Iran. Food Cont, 28, 2, 327-332.
• FDA, 2003. Listeria monocytogenes Risk Assessment: Executive Summary. http://www.fda.gov/Food/ScienceResearch/ResearchAreas/RiskAssessmentSafetyAssessment/ ucm185292.htm. Available online: 26.06.2012.
• Gailunas KM, 2003. Use of ultraviolet light for the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes and lactic acid bacteria species in recycled chill brines. Blacsburg VA, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Master of Science in Food Science and Technology.
• Hibi K, Abe A, Ohashi E, Mitsubayashi K, Ushio H, Hayashi T, Ren H, Endo, H. 2006. Combination of immunomagnetic separation with flow cytometry for detection of Listeria monocytogenes. Anal Chim Acta, 573-574, 158-163.
• Hitckins AD. 2003. L. monocytogenes, chapter 10, in: FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual Online. Available online: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov.
• Holt JG, Krieg NR, Sneath PHA, Staley JT, Williams ST, 1994. Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, ninth edition, Baltimore, Maryland, Williams & Wilkins A Waverly Company, USA.
• Kalender H, 2003. Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in faeces from chickens, sheep and cattle in Elazığ province. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 27, 449-451.
• Kiziroğlu İ, 1983. Türkiye Kuşları. T.O.K.B. Tabii Hayatı Koruma Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları 79, Anakara. Koçan D, Halkman AK, 2006. Listeria monocytogenes ve listeriosis. Gıda, 31, 3, 133-140.
• Molla B, Yilma R, Alemayehu D, 2004. Listeria monocytogenes and other Listeria species in retail meat and milk products in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev, 18, 3, 208-212.
• Official Journal, 2011. 28157 sayılı Türk Gıda Kodeksi Mikrobiyolojik Kriterler Yönetmeliği 29.12.2011.
• Ozcelik M, 1995. Kuşlar dünyası. Bilim ve Teknik, 328, 66-73. Ozek K. 2001. Protein ve enerji seviyeleri farklı rasyonların kapalı sartlar altında yetistirilen etlik kınalı kekliklerin (A. Chukar) performansı, karkas, karkas karakterleri ve bazı kan parametrelerine etkileri. Sel Üni Fen Bil Enst Master Thesis, Konya.
• Painter J, Slutsker L, 2007. Listeriosis in humans, in: Listeria, Listeriosis, and Food Safety, Eds: Ryser ET, Marth EH, third edition, CRC Press, New York, USA, pp: 85-111.
• Roasto M, Kovalenko K, Amin KP, Meremae K, Tamme T, Kramarenko T, 2010. Review of the contamination and health risks related to Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in the food supply with special reference to Estonia and Latvia. Agronomy Res, 8, 333-38.
• Rocourt J, Buchrieser C, 2007. The genus Listeria and Listeria monocytogenes: Phylogenetic position, taxonomy and identification, in: Listeria, Listeriosis, and Food Safety, Eds: Ryser ET, Marth EH, third edition, CRC Pres, New York, USA, pp: 1-20.
• Ryser ET, 2007. Incidence and behavior of Listeria monocytogenes in poultry and egg products, in: Listeria, Listeriozis, and Food Safety, Eds: Ryser ET, Marth EH, third edition, CRC Press, New York, USA, pp: 571-617.
• Samelis J, Metaxopoulos J, 1999. Incidence and principal sources of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes contamination in processed meats and a meat processing plant. Food Microbiol, 16, 465-477.
• Sauders BD, Wiedmann M, 2007. Ecology of Listeria species and L. monocytogenes in the natural environment, in: Listeria, Listeriosis, and Food Safety, Eds: Ryser ET, Marth EH, third edition, CRC Pres, New York, USA, pp: 21-53.
• Sergelidis D, Abrahim A, 2009. Adaptive response of Listeria monocytogenes to heat and its impact on food safety. Food Cont, 20, 1-10.
• Sireli UT, Erol İ, 1999. Hazır Kıymalarda Listeria Türlerinin Araştırılması. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 23, 2, 373-380.
• Skovgaard N, Morgen CA, 1998. Detection of Listeria spp. in faeces from animals, in feeds, and in raw foods of animal origin. Int J Food Microbiol, 6, 3, 229-242.
• Uhitil S, Jaksic S, Petrak T, Medic H, Gumhalter-Karolyi L, 2004. Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes and the other Listeria spp. in Cakes in Crotia. Food Cont, 15, 213-216.
• Wagner M, McLauchlin J, 2008. Biology and pathogenicity, in: Handbook of Listeria monocytogenes, Ed: Liu D, first edition, CRC Pres, New York, USA, pp: 3-25.
• Wesley IV, 2007. Listeriosis in animals: Transmission to animals, in: Listeria, Listeriosis, and Food Safety, Eds: Ryser ET, Marth EH, thrith edition, CRC Pres New York, USA, pp: 55-84.
• WHO/FAO, 2004. Risk Assesment of Listeria monocytogenes in Ready-to-Eat Foods: İnterpretative Summary, Microbiological Risk Assesment Series no: 4, WHO Library Catalogoing-in-Publication Data, Geneva, Switzerland.
• Woodard AE, 1982. Raising Chukar Partridges. Cooperative Extension Bulletion, Leaflet No: 21321. Uni California, USA.