Abstract
Deli Dana Hastalığı (BSE) sonrası özellikle ruminant kökenli
rendering ürünlerinin hayvan rasyonlarında kullanılması
kontrol altına alınmıştır. Gümrük Beyan Belgesinde “hidrolize
tüy unu” olarak bildirilen yem materyalinden alınan örnek,
T.C. Gümrük Müsteşarlığı Mersin Gümrük Müdürlüğü
tarafından gönderilerek hayvansal kökeninin belirlenmesi
istenmiştir. İlgili örneğin mikroskobik incelenmesinde kanat
ve tüy parçalarının varlığı saptanmıştır. Alternatif olarak,
örneklerden standart fenol/kloroform ve dodecyltrimethylammonium
bromide (DTAB) yöntemleri ile DNA izolasyonu
yapılmıştır. Elde edilen DNA örnekleri kanatlı, ruminant,
domuz, at ve karnivor spesifik primerler kullanılarak
Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (PZR) ile yükseltgenmiş-
tir. PZR reaksiyonlarında tavuk, keçi, at, kedi DNA’ları pozitif
kontrol, her bir lokus sisteminde DNA negatif PZR reaksiyonları
negatif kontrol olarak kullanılmıştır. Tüm PZR ürünleri
%2 agaroz jel elektroforezinde ayrıştırılmış ve görüntülenmiştir.
İki farklı kanatlı spesifik markör sistemi kullanılarak
yapılan PZR analizleri sonucunda, yem örneğinde
kanatlı DNA’sının varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, ruminant,
domuz, at ve karnivor DNA varlığı tespit edilememiştir. Bu
çalışma, moleküler biyoloji yöntemlerinin yüksek ısılarda
muamele edilerek hazırlanan rendering ürünlerinin kökeninin
saptanmasında başarıyla kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Keywords
References
- Archibald AL, Haley CS, Brown JF, et al, 1995. The PiGMaP consortium: linkage map of the pig (Sus scrofa). Mamm Genome, 6, 157-175.
- Bellagamba F, Comincini S, Ferretti L, Valfre F, Moretti VM, 2006. Application of quantitative real-time PCR in the detection of prion-protein gene species-specific DNA sequences in animal meals and feedstuffs. J Food Prot, 69, 891-896.
- Coşkun B, Şeker E, İnal F, 1997. Yemler ve teknolojisi, Birinci Baskı, Selçuk Üniversitesi Basımevi, Konya, Türkiye, pp;187.
- Dalmasso A, Fontanella E, Piatti P, Civera T, Rosati S, Bottero MT, 2004. A multiplex PCR assay for the identification of animal species in feedstuffs. Mol Cell Probes, 18, 81-87.
- Ebbehol KJ, Thomsen PD, 1991. Species differentiation of heated meat products by DNA hybridization. Meat Sci, 30, 221-234.
- Fumiere O, Dubois M, Baeten V, von Holst C, Berben G, 2006. Effective PCR detection of animal species in highly processed animal byproducts and compound feeds. Anal Bioanal Chem, 385, 1045-1054.
- Guerin G, Bailey E, Bernoco D, Anderson I, et al, 2003. The second generation of the international equine gene mapping workshop half-sibling linkage map. Anim Genet, 34, 161-168.
- Herman L, 2001. Determination of the animal origin of raw food by species-specific PCR. J Dairy Res, 68, 429-436. İlhak Oİ, Arslan A, 2007. Identification of meat species by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 31, 159-163.
- Krcmar P, Rencova E, 2003. Identification of species-specific DNA in feedstuffs. J Agric Food Chem, 51, 7655-7658.
- Lahiff S, Glennon M, O’Brien L, Lyng J, Smith T, Maher M, Shilton N, 2001. Species-specific PCR for the identification of ovine, porcine and chicken species in meat and bone meal (MBM). Mol Cell Probes, 15, 27-35.
- Martín I, García T, Fajardo V, Rojas M, Hernández PE, González I, Martín R, 2007. Technical note: detection of cat, dog, and rat or mouse tissues in food and animal feed using species-specific polymerase chain reaction. J Anim Sci, 85, 2734-2739.
- Menotti-Raymond M, David VA, Lyons LA, Schaffer AA, Tomlin JF, Hutton MK, O’Brien SJ, 1999. A genetic linkage map of microsatellites in the domestic cat (Felis catus). Genomics, 57, 9-23.
- Myers MJ, Yancy HF, Farrell DE, 2003. Characterization of a polymerase chain reaction-based approach for the simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived materials in animal feed. J Food Prot, 66, 1085-1089.
- Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T, 1989. Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual. 2nd edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Pres, Cold Spring Harbor.
- Steffen P, Egen A, Dietz AB, Womack JE, Stranzinger G, Fries R, 1993. Isolation and mapping of polymorphic microsatellites in cattle. Anim Genet, 24, 121-124.
- Tajima K, Enishi O, Amari M, Mitsumori M, Kajikawa H, Kurihara M, Yanai S, Matsui H, Yasue H, Mitsuhashi T, Kawashima T, Matsumoto M, 2002. PCR detection of DNAs of animal origin in feed by primers based on sequences of short and long interspersed repetitive elements. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 66, 2247-2250.
- Toyoda A, Nakajo M, Kawachi H, Matsui T, Yano H, 2004. PCR detection of bovine mitochondrial DNA derived from meat and bone meal in feed. J Food Prot, 67, 2829-2832.
Abstract
After bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) outbreak,
the use of especially ruminant byproducts in animal rations
is under strict control. An animal feedstuff sample was sent
from the Turkish Republic, Mersin Customs Directorate in
order to identify the animal source. The feedstuff was declared
as “hydrolyzed feather meal” in the custom declaration
and health certificates. In microscopic inspections,
pieces of feathers and hollow shafts were observed. As an
alternative method, DNA was extracted by using standard
phenol/chloroform and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide
(DTAB) methods. The DNA samples were amplified
by Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR) using poultry, ruminant,
swine, horse and carnivore specific oligos. In PCR
reactions, chicken, goat, horse and cat DNAs were used as
positive controls. DNA free PCR reactions were also amplified
as negative control in each system. The resulting PCR
products were separated and visualized by electrophoresis
on a 2% agarose gel. The findings suggested presence
of poultry DNA in the feedstuff sample since two different
poultry specific PCR primer pairs resulted in positive PCR
products. However, no PCR products were observed in ruminant,
swine, horse and carnivore PCR reactions. The results
of this study thereby indicated that molecular biology
techniques could successfully be used to identify source of
heat proceeded animal byproducts.
References
- Archibald AL, Haley CS, Brown JF, et al, 1995. The PiGMaP consortium: linkage map of the pig (Sus scrofa). Mamm Genome, 6, 157-175.
- Bellagamba F, Comincini S, Ferretti L, Valfre F, Moretti VM, 2006. Application of quantitative real-time PCR in the detection of prion-protein gene species-specific DNA sequences in animal meals and feedstuffs. J Food Prot, 69, 891-896.
- Coşkun B, Şeker E, İnal F, 1997. Yemler ve teknolojisi, Birinci Baskı, Selçuk Üniversitesi Basımevi, Konya, Türkiye, pp;187.
- Dalmasso A, Fontanella E, Piatti P, Civera T, Rosati S, Bottero MT, 2004. A multiplex PCR assay for the identification of animal species in feedstuffs. Mol Cell Probes, 18, 81-87.
- Ebbehol KJ, Thomsen PD, 1991. Species differentiation of heated meat products by DNA hybridization. Meat Sci, 30, 221-234.
- Fumiere O, Dubois M, Baeten V, von Holst C, Berben G, 2006. Effective PCR detection of animal species in highly processed animal byproducts and compound feeds. Anal Bioanal Chem, 385, 1045-1054.
- Guerin G, Bailey E, Bernoco D, Anderson I, et al, 2003. The second generation of the international equine gene mapping workshop half-sibling linkage map. Anim Genet, 34, 161-168.
- Herman L, 2001. Determination of the animal origin of raw food by species-specific PCR. J Dairy Res, 68, 429-436. İlhak Oİ, Arslan A, 2007. Identification of meat species by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 31, 159-163.
- Krcmar P, Rencova E, 2003. Identification of species-specific DNA in feedstuffs. J Agric Food Chem, 51, 7655-7658.
- Lahiff S, Glennon M, O’Brien L, Lyng J, Smith T, Maher M, Shilton N, 2001. Species-specific PCR for the identification of ovine, porcine and chicken species in meat and bone meal (MBM). Mol Cell Probes, 15, 27-35.
- Martín I, García T, Fajardo V, Rojas M, Hernández PE, González I, Martín R, 2007. Technical note: detection of cat, dog, and rat or mouse tissues in food and animal feed using species-specific polymerase chain reaction. J Anim Sci, 85, 2734-2739.
- Menotti-Raymond M, David VA, Lyons LA, Schaffer AA, Tomlin JF, Hutton MK, O’Brien SJ, 1999. A genetic linkage map of microsatellites in the domestic cat (Felis catus). Genomics, 57, 9-23.
- Myers MJ, Yancy HF, Farrell DE, 2003. Characterization of a polymerase chain reaction-based approach for the simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived materials in animal feed. J Food Prot, 66, 1085-1089.
- Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T, 1989. Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual. 2nd edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Pres, Cold Spring Harbor.
- Steffen P, Egen A, Dietz AB, Womack JE, Stranzinger G, Fries R, 1993. Isolation and mapping of polymorphic microsatellites in cattle. Anim Genet, 24, 121-124.
- Tajima K, Enishi O, Amari M, Mitsumori M, Kajikawa H, Kurihara M, Yanai S, Matsui H, Yasue H, Mitsuhashi T, Kawashima T, Matsumoto M, 2002. PCR detection of DNAs of animal origin in feed by primers based on sequences of short and long interspersed repetitive elements. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 66, 2247-2250.
- Toyoda A, Nakajo M, Kawachi H, Matsui T, Yano H, 2004. PCR detection of bovine mitochondrial DNA derived from meat and bone meal in feed. J Food Prot, 67, 2829-2832.
Details
| Other ID | JA69KM65UG |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Case Report |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 1, 2012 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2012 Volume: 28 Issue: 2 |