The effect of Enterobius vermicularis infection (oxyuriasis) on eosinophil and IgE levels in allergic rhinitis

Year 2018, , 399 - 404, 04.10.2018

Fevzi Solmaz , Oğuzhan Dikici Davut Akduman , Mehmet Haksever , İsmail Necati Hakyemez Muhammed Yanılmaz

https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.344495

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Objective:
Elevated levels of serum IgE and eosinophilia are the indicators of atopy and
intestinal parasitic infections. We evaluated the effect of Enterobius vermicularis infection
(enterobiasis) on blood eosinophil count and IgE levels in allergic rhinitis.

Methods:
A total of 110 patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis (with symptoms of
rhinorrhea, itchy nose and nasal congestion) consisting of 41 (37.27%) males
and 69 (62.73%) females were examined. Forty-one (37.27%) patients with
enterobiasis were selected as the study group. The remaining 69 (62.73%) patients
accepted as the control group.

Results: In the study group the mean
serum total IgE level and mean serum eosinophil count were 393.10 ± 159.83 IU/mL
and 0.56 ± 0.04 10³/mL, respectively. In the control group the mean
serum total IgE level and mean serum eosinophil count were 236.91 ± 63.55 IU/mL
and 0.37 ± 0.12 10³/mL, respectively. The difference between the two
groups was statistically significant for serum total IgE levels (p < 0.05) but not for serum
eosinophil count (p > 0.05). The
correlation coefficients between serum total IgE level and eosinophil count
were statistically insignificant (p >
0.05).

Conclusions: More comprehensive and long-term
placebo-controlled studies should be performed in order to find the answer to
the question of whether helminth infections play a role in allergic disease. 

Keywords

Enterobius vermicularis infection; allergic rhinitis; serum IgE level; serum eosinophil count.

References

• [1] Medeiros D, Silva AR, Rizzo JA, Motta ME, Oliveira FH, Sarinho ES. Total IgE level in respiratory allergy: study of patients at high risk for helminthic infection. J Pediatr 2006;82:255-9.
• [2] Reddy A, Fried B. Atopic disorders and parasitic infections. Adv Parasitol 2008;66:149-91.
• [3] Rîpă C, Bahnea RG, Cojocaru I, Luca MC, Ivan A, Luca M. Atopic diseases and intestinal helminth infections. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2010;114:1017-21.
• [4] Lynch NR, López R, Istfiriz G, Tenías-Salazar E. Allergic reactivity and helminthic infection in amerindians of the amazon basin. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1983;72:369-72.
• [5] Lynch NR, Medouze L, Di Prisco MC, Verde O, López R, Malavé C. Incidence of atopic disease in a tropical environment: partial independence from intestinal helminthiasis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1984;73:229-33.
• [6] Levin ME, Le Souëf PN, Motala C. Total IgE in urban Black South African teenagers: the influence of atopy and helminth infection. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2008;19:449-54.
• [7] Wardlaw AJ. Eosinophils in 1990s: new perspectives on their role in health and disease. Postgrad Med 1994;70:536-52.
• [8] Cook GC. Enterobius vermicularis infection. Gut 1994;35:1159-62.
• [9] Hood C. Enterobius vermicularis. Practitioner 1989; 233:503.
• [10] Bousquet J, Khaltaev N, Cruz AA, Denburg J, Fokkens WJ, Togias A, et al; World Health Organization, GA(2)LEN and AllerGen. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2008 uptade(in collaboration with the World Health Organization, GA(2)LEN and AllerGen). Allergy 2008;63(suppl 86):8-160.
• [11] Arruda LK, Santos AB. Immunologic responses to common antigens in helminthic infections and allergic disease. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2005;5:399-402.
• [12] Schneider M, Hilgers RH, Sennekamp J. Allergy, total IgE and eosinophils in East and West. Serious effects of different degrees of helminthiasis and smoking. Eur J Med Res 2002;21:63-71.
• [13] Cooper PJ, Chico ME, Rodrigues LC, Ordonez M, Strachan D, Griffin GE, et al: Reduced risk of atopy among school-age children infected with geohelminth parasites in a rural area of the tropics. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003; 111:995-1000.
• [14] Sales VS, Rodrigues CE, Cavalcanti GB, Trombone APF, Lima RC, Santos ABR, et al. Infection with Ascaris lumbricoides in preschool children: role in wheezing and IgE responses to inhalant allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002;109:S27.
• [15] Bell RG. IgE, allergies and helminth parasites: a new perspective on an old conundrum. Immunol Cell Biol 1996;74:337-45.
• [16] Scrivner S, Yemaneberhan H, Zebenigus M, Tilahun D, Girma S, Ali S, et al. Independent effects of intestinal parasite infection and domestic allergen exposure on risk of wheeze in Ethiopia: a nested case-control study. Lancet 2001;358:1493-9.
• [17] Lynch NR, Hagel IA, Palenque ME, Di Prisco MC, Escudero JE, Corao LA, et al. Relationship between helminthic infection and IgE response in atopic and nonatopic children in a tropical environment. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;101:217-21.
• [18] Allen JE, Maizels RM. Immunology of human helminth infection. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1996;109:3-10.
• [19] Wördemann M, Diaz RJ, Heredia LM, Collado Madurga AM, Ruiz Espinosa A, Prado RC, et al. Association of atopy, asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis and intestinal helminth infections in Cuban children. Trop Med Int Health 2008;13:180-6.
• [20] Nyan OA, Walraven GE, Banya WA, Milligan P, Van Der Sande M, Ceesay SM, et al. Atopy, intestinal helminth infection and total serum IgE in rural and urban adult Gambian communities. Clin Exp Allergy 2001;31:1672-8.
• [21] Lynch NR, Hagel I, Perez M, Di Prisco MC, Lopez R, Alvarez N. Effect of anthelmintic treatment on the allergic reactivity of children in a tropical slum. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1993;92:404-11.
• [22] Smits HH, Hammad H, van NM, Soullie T, Willart MA, Lievers E, et al: Protective effect of Schistosoma mansoni infection on allergic airway inflammation depends on the intensity and chronicity of infection. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;120:932-40.
• [23] Amu S, Saunders SP, Kronenberg M, Mangan NE, Atzberger A, Fallon PG: Regulatory B cells prevent and reverse allergic airway inflammation via FoxP3-positive T regulatory cells in a murine model. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;125:1114-24.
• [24] Alan R. Busse WW. The eosinophil, quo vadis? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;113:38-42.
• [25] Martin LB, Kita H, Eiferman K, Gleich GJ. Eosinophils in allergy: role in disease, degranulation, and cytokines. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1996;109:207-15.
• [26] Klion AD, Nutman TB. The role of eosinophil in host defense against helminth parasites. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;113:30-7.
• [27] Feary J, Britton J, Leonardi-Bee J. Atopy and current intestinal parasite infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy 2011;66:569-78.
• [28] Lima C, Perini A, Garcia ML, Martins MA, Teixeira MM, Macedo MS. Eosinophilic inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness are profoundly inhibited by a helminth (Ascaris suum) extract in a murine model of asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2002;32:1659-66.
• [29] Lynch NR, Hagel I, Vargas V, Pérez M, López RI, Garcia NM, et al. Effect of age and helminthic infection on IgE levels in slum children. J Invest Allergol Clin Immunol 1993;3:96-9.
• [30] Hagel I, Lynch N, Pérez M, Di Prisco MC, López R, Rojas E. Modulation of the allergic reactivity of slum children by helminthic infection. Parasite Immunol 1993;15:311-5.
• [31] Geller M, Geller M, Flaherty DK, Black P, Madruga M. Serum IgE levels in giardiasis. Clin Allergy 1978;8: 69-71.
• [32] Arıdoğan BC, Demirci M. Çocuklarda bağırsak parazitleri ve serum total IgE düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. T Parazitol Derg 2001;25: 346-8.
• [33] Herrström P, Henricson KA, Råberg A, Karlsson A, Högstedt B. Allergic disease and the infestation of Enterobius vermicularis in Swedish children 4-10 years of age. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2001;11:157-60.
• [34] Ganguly NK, Mahajan RC, Sehgal R, Shetty P, Dilawari JB. Role of specific immunglobulin E to excretory-secretory antigen in diagnosis and prognosis of hookworm infection. J Clin Microbiol 1988;26:739-42.