Research Article
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Year 2019, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 667 - 672, 04.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.412272

Abstract

References

  • [1] Fisher HL, Hosang GM. Childhood maltreatment and bipolar disorder: a critical review of the evidence. Mind Brain 2010;1:750-85.
  • [2] Larsson S, Aas M, Klungsøyr O, Agartz I, Mork E, Steen NE, et al. Patterns of childhood adverse events are associated with clinical characteristics of bipolar disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2013;13:97.
  • [3] Daruy-Filho L, Brietzke E, Lafer B, Grassi-Oliveira R. Childhood maltreatment and clinical outcomes of bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2011;124:427-34.
  • [4] Etain B, Mathieu F, Henry C, Raust A, Roy I, Germain A, et al. Preferential association between childhood emotional abuse and bipolar disorder. J Trauma Stress 2010;23:376-83.
  • [5] Janssen I, Krabbendam L, Bak M, Hanssen M, Vollebergh W, De GR, et al. Childhood abuse as a risk factor for psychotic experiences. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2004;109:38-45.
  • [6] Brown GR, McBride L, Bauer MS, Williford WO; Cooperative Studies Program 430 Study Team. Impact of childhood abuse on the course of bipolar disorder: a replication study in U.S. veterans. J Affect Disord 2005;89:57-67.
  • [7] Alvarez MJ, Roura P, Oses A, Foguet Q, Sola J, Arrufat FX. Prevalence and clinical impact of childhood trauma in patients with severe mental disorders. J Nerv Ment Dis 2011;199:156-61.
  • [8] Holowka DV, King S, Sahep D, Pukal M, Brunet A. Childhood abuse and dissociative symptoms in adult schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2003; 60:87-90.
  • [9] Zanarini MC, Ruser T, Frankenburg FR, Hennen J. The dissociative experiences of borderline patients. Compr Psychiatry 2000;41:223-7.
  • [10] Sar V, Taycan O, Bolat N, Ozmen M, Duran A, Ozturk E, et al. Childhood trauma and dissociation in schizophrenia. Psychopathology 2010;43:33-40.
  • [11] Latalova K, Prasko J, Pastucha P, Grambal A, Kamaradova D, Diveky T, et al. Bipolar affective disorder and dissociation - comparison with healthy controls. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2010;155:181-6.
  • [12] Hariri AG, Yazıcı-Güleç M, Cengiz-Örengül FF, Aydın-Sümbül A, Yeni-Elbay R, Güleç H. Dissociation in bipolar disorder: relationships between clinical variables and childhood trauma. J Affect Disord 2015;184:104-10.
  • [13] First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), Clinical Version. Washington: American Psychiatric Press, 1997.
  • [14] Çorapçıoğlu A, Aydemir O, Yıldız M, Danacı AE, Köroğlu E. DSM-IV Eksen-I Bozuklukları için Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme. Ankara: HYB, 1999.
  • [15] Steinberg M, Cicchetti DV, Buchanan J, Hall PE, Rounsaville B. Clinical assessment of dissociative symptoms and disorders. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D). Dissociation 1993;6:3-15.
  • [16] Kundakci T, Şar V, Kiziltan E, Yargic LI, Tutkun H. The reliability and validity of the Turkish Version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D): A preliminary study. J Trauma Dissociation 2014;15:24-34.
  • [17] Bernstein EM, Putnam PW. Development, reliability and validity of a dissociation scale. J Nerv Ment Dis 1986;174:727-35.
  • [18] Yargıç LI, Tutkun H, Şar V. The reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the dissociative experiences scale. Dissociation 1995;8:10-3.
  • [19] Bernstein DP, Fink L, Handelsman L, Foote J, Lovejoy M, Wenzel K, et al. Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:1132-6.
  • [20] Şar V, Öztürk E, İkikardeş E. Çocukluk Çağı Ruhsal Travma Ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlamasının geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2012;32:1054-63.
  • [21] Hyun M, Friedman SD, Dunner DL. Relationship of childhood physical and sexual abuse to adult bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2000;2:131-5.
  • [22] Leboyer M, Etain B, Mathieu F, Henry C, Jamain S, Bellivier F. Childhood affective trauma in bipolar affective disorder. Bipolar Disord 2007; 9(Suppl 1):9.
  • [23] Leverich GS, Post RM. Course of bipolar illness after history of childhood trauma. Lancet 2006;367:1040-2.
  • [24] Garno JL, Goldberg JF, Ramirez PM, Ritzler BA. Impact of childhood abuse on the clinical course of bipolar disorder. Br J Psychiatry 2005;186:121-5.
  • [25] Hammersley P, Dias A, Todd G, Bowen-Jones K, Reilly B, Bentall RP. Childhood trauma and hallucinations in bipolar affective disorder: preliminary investigation. Br J Psychiatry 2003;182:543-7.
  • [26] Leverich GS, Mcelroy SL, Suppes T, Keck PE, Denicoff KD, Nolen WA, et al. Early physical and sexual abuse associated with an adverse course of bipolar illness. Biol Psychiatry 2002;51:288-297.
  • [27] Romero S, Birmaher B, Axelson D, Goldstein T, Goldstein BI, Gill MK, et al. Prevalence and correlates of physical and sexual abuse in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2009;112:144-50.
  • [28] Heim C, Mletzko T, Purselle D, Muselman DL, Nemeroff CB. The dexamethasone/corticotropin-releasing factor test in men with major depression: role of childhood trauma. Biol Psychiatry 2008;63:398-405.
  • [29] Teicher MH, Anderson CM, Polcari A. Childhood maltreatment is associated with reduced volume in the hippocampal subfields CA3, dentate gyrus, and subiculum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012;109:E563-72.
  • [30] Coryell W. Single case study. Multiple personality and primary affective disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 1983;171:388-390.
  • [31] Steingard S, Frankel FH. Dissociation and psychotic symptoms. Am J Psychiatry 1985;142:953-5.
  • [32] Spitzer C, Barnow S, Freyberger HJ, Grabe HJ. Dissociation predicts symptom-related treatment outcome in short-term inpatient psychotherapy. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2007;41:682-7.
  • [33] Bakım B, Baran E, Güleken MD, Tankaya O, Yayla S, Akpınar A, et al. Comparison of the patient groups with and without dissociative disorder comorbidity among the inpatients with bipolar disorder. Fam Pract Palliat Care 2016;1:35-42.

Investigation of the comorbidity of dissociative disorders in patients with bipolar disorder

Year 2019, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 667 - 672, 04.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.412272

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the
comorbidity of dissociative disorders in patients with bipolar disorder.

Methods:
Fifty-one patients who are diagnosed with bipolar disorder in euthymic state
and forty-nine healty controls were included in the study.
The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), Structured
Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders
(SCID-D), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) and
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28) were administered to all participants
with a sociodemographic form.

Results: Mean DES and CTQ-28 total
scores were statistically higher in patients group than control group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Emotional abuse, emotional neglect,
physical abuse, physical neglect and sexual abuse subscale scores of CTQ-28
were higher in patients group than healthy controls group (p = 0.002, p < 0.001, p = 0.005, p < 0.001 and p < 0.021,
respectively). The rate of any dissociative disorder comorbidity was %35.4 in
patients with bipolar disorder. The most frequent dissociative disorder in
patient with bipolar disorder was depersonalization disorder (%17.6). There was
a positive correlation between DES score and number of suicidal attempts (r=0.284).
Negative correlations were found between DES score and age of disease onset,
and CTQ-28 total score and age of disease onset (r=-0.332 and r=-0.291).

Conclusion:
Our results have shown that dissociative disorders may be frequently
accompanied in patients with bipolar disorder. Dissociation and childhood
traumatic events can be related with clinical features in patients with bipolar
disorder. 

References

  • [1] Fisher HL, Hosang GM. Childhood maltreatment and bipolar disorder: a critical review of the evidence. Mind Brain 2010;1:750-85.
  • [2] Larsson S, Aas M, Klungsøyr O, Agartz I, Mork E, Steen NE, et al. Patterns of childhood adverse events are associated with clinical characteristics of bipolar disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2013;13:97.
  • [3] Daruy-Filho L, Brietzke E, Lafer B, Grassi-Oliveira R. Childhood maltreatment and clinical outcomes of bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2011;124:427-34.
  • [4] Etain B, Mathieu F, Henry C, Raust A, Roy I, Germain A, et al. Preferential association between childhood emotional abuse and bipolar disorder. J Trauma Stress 2010;23:376-83.
  • [5] Janssen I, Krabbendam L, Bak M, Hanssen M, Vollebergh W, De GR, et al. Childhood abuse as a risk factor for psychotic experiences. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2004;109:38-45.
  • [6] Brown GR, McBride L, Bauer MS, Williford WO; Cooperative Studies Program 430 Study Team. Impact of childhood abuse on the course of bipolar disorder: a replication study in U.S. veterans. J Affect Disord 2005;89:57-67.
  • [7] Alvarez MJ, Roura P, Oses A, Foguet Q, Sola J, Arrufat FX. Prevalence and clinical impact of childhood trauma in patients with severe mental disorders. J Nerv Ment Dis 2011;199:156-61.
  • [8] Holowka DV, King S, Sahep D, Pukal M, Brunet A. Childhood abuse and dissociative symptoms in adult schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2003; 60:87-90.
  • [9] Zanarini MC, Ruser T, Frankenburg FR, Hennen J. The dissociative experiences of borderline patients. Compr Psychiatry 2000;41:223-7.
  • [10] Sar V, Taycan O, Bolat N, Ozmen M, Duran A, Ozturk E, et al. Childhood trauma and dissociation in schizophrenia. Psychopathology 2010;43:33-40.
  • [11] Latalova K, Prasko J, Pastucha P, Grambal A, Kamaradova D, Diveky T, et al. Bipolar affective disorder and dissociation - comparison with healthy controls. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2010;155:181-6.
  • [12] Hariri AG, Yazıcı-Güleç M, Cengiz-Örengül FF, Aydın-Sümbül A, Yeni-Elbay R, Güleç H. Dissociation in bipolar disorder: relationships between clinical variables and childhood trauma. J Affect Disord 2015;184:104-10.
  • [13] First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), Clinical Version. Washington: American Psychiatric Press, 1997.
  • [14] Çorapçıoğlu A, Aydemir O, Yıldız M, Danacı AE, Köroğlu E. DSM-IV Eksen-I Bozuklukları için Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme. Ankara: HYB, 1999.
  • [15] Steinberg M, Cicchetti DV, Buchanan J, Hall PE, Rounsaville B. Clinical assessment of dissociative symptoms and disorders. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D). Dissociation 1993;6:3-15.
  • [16] Kundakci T, Şar V, Kiziltan E, Yargic LI, Tutkun H. The reliability and validity of the Turkish Version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D): A preliminary study. J Trauma Dissociation 2014;15:24-34.
  • [17] Bernstein EM, Putnam PW. Development, reliability and validity of a dissociation scale. J Nerv Ment Dis 1986;174:727-35.
  • [18] Yargıç LI, Tutkun H, Şar V. The reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the dissociative experiences scale. Dissociation 1995;8:10-3.
  • [19] Bernstein DP, Fink L, Handelsman L, Foote J, Lovejoy M, Wenzel K, et al. Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:1132-6.
  • [20] Şar V, Öztürk E, İkikardeş E. Çocukluk Çağı Ruhsal Travma Ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlamasının geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2012;32:1054-63.
  • [21] Hyun M, Friedman SD, Dunner DL. Relationship of childhood physical and sexual abuse to adult bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2000;2:131-5.
  • [22] Leboyer M, Etain B, Mathieu F, Henry C, Jamain S, Bellivier F. Childhood affective trauma in bipolar affective disorder. Bipolar Disord 2007; 9(Suppl 1):9.
  • [23] Leverich GS, Post RM. Course of bipolar illness after history of childhood trauma. Lancet 2006;367:1040-2.
  • [24] Garno JL, Goldberg JF, Ramirez PM, Ritzler BA. Impact of childhood abuse on the clinical course of bipolar disorder. Br J Psychiatry 2005;186:121-5.
  • [25] Hammersley P, Dias A, Todd G, Bowen-Jones K, Reilly B, Bentall RP. Childhood trauma and hallucinations in bipolar affective disorder: preliminary investigation. Br J Psychiatry 2003;182:543-7.
  • [26] Leverich GS, Mcelroy SL, Suppes T, Keck PE, Denicoff KD, Nolen WA, et al. Early physical and sexual abuse associated with an adverse course of bipolar illness. Biol Psychiatry 2002;51:288-297.
  • [27] Romero S, Birmaher B, Axelson D, Goldstein T, Goldstein BI, Gill MK, et al. Prevalence and correlates of physical and sexual abuse in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2009;112:144-50.
  • [28] Heim C, Mletzko T, Purselle D, Muselman DL, Nemeroff CB. The dexamethasone/corticotropin-releasing factor test in men with major depression: role of childhood trauma. Biol Psychiatry 2008;63:398-405.
  • [29] Teicher MH, Anderson CM, Polcari A. Childhood maltreatment is associated with reduced volume in the hippocampal subfields CA3, dentate gyrus, and subiculum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012;109:E563-72.
  • [30] Coryell W. Single case study. Multiple personality and primary affective disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 1983;171:388-390.
  • [31] Steingard S, Frankel FH. Dissociation and psychotic symptoms. Am J Psychiatry 1985;142:953-5.
  • [32] Spitzer C, Barnow S, Freyberger HJ, Grabe HJ. Dissociation predicts symptom-related treatment outcome in short-term inpatient psychotherapy. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2007;41:682-7.
  • [33] Bakım B, Baran E, Güleken MD, Tankaya O, Yayla S, Akpınar A, et al. Comparison of the patient groups with and without dissociative disorder comorbidity among the inpatients with bipolar disorder. Fam Pract Palliat Care 2016;1:35-42.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Articles
Authors

Atilla Tekin 0000-0002-2281-6719

Esra Özdil Demiryürek This is me 0000-0002-5708-3631

Mehmet Diyaddin Güleken This is me 0000-0001-7861-6882

Bahadır Bakım 0000-0002-0036-1354

Ömer Akil Özer This is me 0000-0001-5565-4640

Oğuz Karamustafalıoğlu This is me 0000-0001-6151-7060

Publication Date July 4, 2019
Submission Date April 3, 2018
Acceptance Date May 2, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 5 Issue: 4

Cite

AMA Tekin A, Özdil Demiryürek E, Güleken MD, Bakım B, Özer ÖA, Karamustafalıoğlu O. Investigation of the comorbidity of dissociative disorders in patients with bipolar disorder. Eur Res J. July 2019;5(4):667-672. doi:10.18621/eurj.412272

e-ISSN: 2149-3189 


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