[1] Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, et al; American Heart Association Statistics Committee; Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2016;133:e38-360.
[2] Baigent C, Keech A, Kearney PM, Blackwell L, Buck G, Pollicino C, et al; Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaborators. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet 2005;366:1267-78.
[3] Stroes ES, Thompson PD, Corsini A, Vladutiu GD, Raal FJ, Ray KK, at al; European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel. Statin-associated muscle symptoms: impact on statin therapy-European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel Statement on Assessment, Aetiology and Management. Eur Heart J 2015;36:1012-22.
[4] Hansen KE, Hildebrand JP, Ferguson EE, Stein JH. Outcomes in 45 patients with statin-associated myopathy. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:2671-6.
[6] Sathasivam S, Lecky B. Statin induced myopathy. BMJ 2008;337:a2286.
[7] Rosenson RS, Baker SK, Jacobson TA, Kopecky SL, Parker BA, The National Lipid Association's Muscle Safety Expert Panel. An assessment by the Statin Muscle Safety Task Force: 2014 update. J Clin Lipidol 2014;8(3 Suppl):S58-71.
[8] Fernandez G, Spatz ES, Jablecki C, Phillips PS. Statin myopathy: a common dilemma not reflected in clinical trials. Cleve Clin J Med 2011;78:393-403.
[9] Abd TT, Jacobson TA. Statin-induced myopathy: a review and update. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2011;10:373-87.
[10] Tomaszewski M, Stępień KM, Tomaszewska J, Czuczwar SJ. Statin-induced myopathies. Pharmacol Rep 2011;63:859-66.
[11] Best tests: Investigating myalgia in patients taking statins, The Best Practice Advocacy Centre New Zealand (bpacnz). August 2014.
[12] de Sauvage Nolting PR, Buirma RJ, Hutten BA, Kastelein JJ; Dutch ExPRESS Investigator Group. Two-year efficacy and safety of simvastatin 80 mg in familial hypercholesterolemia (the Examination of Probands and Relatives in Statin Studies With Familial Hypercholesterolemia [ExPRESS FH]). Am J Cardiol 2002;90:181-4.
[13] Bruckert E, Hayem G, Dejager S, Yau C, Bégaud B. Mild to moderate muscular symptoms with high-dosage statin therapy in hyperlipidemic patients--the PRIMO study. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2005;19:403-14.
[14] Staffa JA, Chang J, Green L. Cerivastatin and reports of fatal rhabdomyolysis. N Engl J Med 2002;346:539-40.
[15] Graham DJ, Staffa JA, Shatin D, Andrade SE, Schech SD, La Grenade L, et al. Incidence of hospitalized rhabdomyolysis in patients treated with lipid-lowering drugs. JAMA 2004;292:2585-90.
[16] Graham DJ, Staffa JA, Shatin D, Andrade SE, Schech SD, La Grenade L, et al. Incidence of hospitalized rhabdomyolysis in patients treated with lipid-lowering drugs. JAMA 2004;292:2585-90.
[17] Joy TR, Hegele RA. Narrative review: statin-related myopathy. Ann Intern Med 2009;150:858-68.
[18] Jacobson TA. NLA Task Force on Statin Safety--2014 update. J Clin Lipidol 2014;8(3 Suppl):S1-4.
[19] Vrablik M, Zlatohlavek L, Stulc T, Adamkova V, Prusikova M, Schwarzova L, et al. Statin-associated myopathy: from genetic predisposition to clinical management. Physiol Res 2014;63 Suppl 3:S327-34.
[20] Parker BA, Thompson PD. Effect of statins on skeletal muscle: exercise, myopathy, and muscle outcomes. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2012;40:188-94.
[21] Schuster B. Monitorıng of creatine kinase (CK) in patients on statin therapy. The Rx Files: Q&A Summary, March 2002.
[22] Husband A. Managing statin-induced myopathy. Clin Pharmacist 2009;1:319-20.
Statin-associated myopathy: a general overview
Year 2019,
Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 707 - 711, 04.07.2019
Among the amazing turn of events in preventing and
reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases since the discovery of statins,
thousand of physicians started to prescribe it as a regular life-long
treatment, but regarding the expanding number of patients on statin therapy, a wide
spectrum of side effects started to appear. Statin-associated myopathy
considered as one of the most common side effects and could be subtle for a
long time, we performed a review to provide a clinical summary of statin-associated
myopathy and to discuss possible mechanisms of risk factors and management of statin-associated
myopathy.
[1] Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, et al; American Heart Association Statistics Committee; Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2016;133:e38-360.
[2] Baigent C, Keech A, Kearney PM, Blackwell L, Buck G, Pollicino C, et al; Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaborators. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet 2005;366:1267-78.
[3] Stroes ES, Thompson PD, Corsini A, Vladutiu GD, Raal FJ, Ray KK, at al; European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel. Statin-associated muscle symptoms: impact on statin therapy-European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel Statement on Assessment, Aetiology and Management. Eur Heart J 2015;36:1012-22.
[4] Hansen KE, Hildebrand JP, Ferguson EE, Stein JH. Outcomes in 45 patients with statin-associated myopathy. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:2671-6.
[6] Sathasivam S, Lecky B. Statin induced myopathy. BMJ 2008;337:a2286.
[7] Rosenson RS, Baker SK, Jacobson TA, Kopecky SL, Parker BA, The National Lipid Association's Muscle Safety Expert Panel. An assessment by the Statin Muscle Safety Task Force: 2014 update. J Clin Lipidol 2014;8(3 Suppl):S58-71.
[8] Fernandez G, Spatz ES, Jablecki C, Phillips PS. Statin myopathy: a common dilemma not reflected in clinical trials. Cleve Clin J Med 2011;78:393-403.
[9] Abd TT, Jacobson TA. Statin-induced myopathy: a review and update. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2011;10:373-87.
[10] Tomaszewski M, Stępień KM, Tomaszewska J, Czuczwar SJ. Statin-induced myopathies. Pharmacol Rep 2011;63:859-66.
[11] Best tests: Investigating myalgia in patients taking statins, The Best Practice Advocacy Centre New Zealand (bpacnz). August 2014.
[12] de Sauvage Nolting PR, Buirma RJ, Hutten BA, Kastelein JJ; Dutch ExPRESS Investigator Group. Two-year efficacy and safety of simvastatin 80 mg in familial hypercholesterolemia (the Examination of Probands and Relatives in Statin Studies With Familial Hypercholesterolemia [ExPRESS FH]). Am J Cardiol 2002;90:181-4.
[13] Bruckert E, Hayem G, Dejager S, Yau C, Bégaud B. Mild to moderate muscular symptoms with high-dosage statin therapy in hyperlipidemic patients--the PRIMO study. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2005;19:403-14.
[14] Staffa JA, Chang J, Green L. Cerivastatin and reports of fatal rhabdomyolysis. N Engl J Med 2002;346:539-40.
[15] Graham DJ, Staffa JA, Shatin D, Andrade SE, Schech SD, La Grenade L, et al. Incidence of hospitalized rhabdomyolysis in patients treated with lipid-lowering drugs. JAMA 2004;292:2585-90.
[16] Graham DJ, Staffa JA, Shatin D, Andrade SE, Schech SD, La Grenade L, et al. Incidence of hospitalized rhabdomyolysis in patients treated with lipid-lowering drugs. JAMA 2004;292:2585-90.
[17] Joy TR, Hegele RA. Narrative review: statin-related myopathy. Ann Intern Med 2009;150:858-68.
[18] Jacobson TA. NLA Task Force on Statin Safety--2014 update. J Clin Lipidol 2014;8(3 Suppl):S1-4.
[19] Vrablik M, Zlatohlavek L, Stulc T, Adamkova V, Prusikova M, Schwarzova L, et al. Statin-associated myopathy: from genetic predisposition to clinical management. Physiol Res 2014;63 Suppl 3:S327-34.
[20] Parker BA, Thompson PD. Effect of statins on skeletal muscle: exercise, myopathy, and muscle outcomes. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2012;40:188-94.
[21] Schuster B. Monitorıng of creatine kinase (CK) in patients on statin therapy. The Rx Files: Q&A Summary, March 2002.
[22] Husband A. Managing statin-induced myopathy. Clin Pharmacist 2009;1:319-20.