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Peripheral artery disease in women

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 178 - 186, 04.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.687115

Abstract

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common disease among women and is expected to increase in the coming years. Diagnostic and therapeutic management of PAD in women is difficult due to their gender-related differences, comorbid factors, atypical symptoms, more functional disorders, the presence of advanced disease, being older age of the disease onset, smaller vessel diameter, and psychosocial factors. Especially due to the high prevalence of asymptomatic disease, late admission status and further disease on admission affect the success of the treatment negatively. By focusing more on PAD in women and more clinical studies, gender-specific differences can be identified. Hereby, there is a need to develop appropriate strategies to improve women's overall quality of life. In this review, we aimed to draw attention to the female gender with PAD, which is increasingly occurring.

References

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  • 2. Steg PG, Bhatt DL, Wilson PW, D’Agostino R Sr, Ohman EM, Rother J, et al. One-year cardiovascular event rates in outpatients with atherothrombosis. JAMA 2007;297:1197-206.
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  • 6. Hirsch AT, Allison MA, Gomes AS, Corriere MA, Duval S, Ershow AG, et al. A call to action: women and peripheral artery disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2012;125:1449-72.
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  • 9. Higgins JP, Higgins JA. Epidemiology of peripheral arterial disease in women. J Epidemiol 2003;13:1-14.
  • 10. Criqui MH, Fronek A, Barrett-Connor E, Klauber MR, Gabriel S, Goodman D. The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in a defined population. Circulation 1985;71:510-5.
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  • 18. Miller VM, Duckles SP. Vascular actions of estrogens: functional implications. Pharmacol Rev 2008;60:210-41.
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  • 29. Kannel WB, McGee DL. Update on some epidemiologic features of intermittent claudication: The Framingham Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 1985;33:13-8.
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  • 48. Cacoub PP, Abola MTB, Baumgartner I, Bhatt DL, Creager MA, Liau CS, et al. Cardiovascular risk factor control and outcomes in peripheral artery disease patients in the Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry. Atherosclerosis 2009;204:86-92.
  • 49. Armstrong EJ, Wu J, Singh GD, Dawson DL, Pevec WC, Amsterdam EA, et al. Smoking cessation is associated with decreased mortality and improved amputation-free survival among patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg 2014;60:1565-71.
  • 50. Sigvant B, Wiberg-Hedman K, Bergqvist D, Rolandsson O, Wahlberg E. Risk factor profiles and use of cardiovascular drug prevention in women and men with peripheral arterial disease. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2009;16:39-46.
  • 51. Ness J, Aronow WS, Ahn C. Risk factors for symptomatic peripheral arterial disease in older persons in an academic hospital-based geriatrics practice. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000;48:312-4.
  • 52. Parmenter BJ, Raymond J, Dinnen P, Singh MA. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials: walking versus alternative exercise prescription as treatment for intermittent claudication. Atherosclerosis 2011;218:1-12.
  • 53. Watson L, Ellis B, Leng GC. Exercise for intermittent claudication. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;(4):CD000990.
  • 54. Gardner AW, Parker DE, Montgomery PS, Blevins SM, Nael R, Afaq A. Sex differences in calf muscle hemoglobin oxygen saturation in patients with intermittent claudication. J Vasc Surg 2009;50:77-82.
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Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 178 - 186, 04.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.687115

Abstract

References

  • 1. Gerhard-Herman MD, Gornik HL, Barrett C, Barshes NR, Corriere MA, Drachman DE, et al. 2016 AHA/ACC Guideline on the Management of Patients with Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: Executive Summary. Vasc Med 2017;22:NP1-NP43.
  • 2. Steg PG, Bhatt DL, Wilson PW, D’Agostino R Sr, Ohman EM, Rother J, et al. One-year cardiovascular event rates in outpatients with atherothrombosis. JAMA 2007;297:1197-206.
  • 3. Hirsch AT, Criqui MH, Treat-Jacobson D, Regensteiner JG, Creager MA, Olin JW, et al. Peripheral arterial disease detection, awareness, and treatment in primary care. JAMA 2001;286:1317-24.
  • 4. Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR, Bakal CW, Creager MA, Halperin JL, et al. ACC/AHA 2005 Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic): a collaborative report from the American Association for Vascular Surgery/Society for Vascular Sur. Circulation 2006;113:463-654.
  • 5. Chi Y-W, Jaff MR. Optimal risk factor modification and medical management of the patient with peripheral arterial disease. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2008;71:475-89.
  • 6. Hirsch AT, Allison MA, Gomes AS, Corriere MA, Duval S, Ershow AG, et al. A call to action: women and peripheral artery disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2012;125:1449-72.
  • 7. Barochiner J, Aparicio LS, Waisman GD. Challenges associated with peripheral arterial disease in women. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2014;10:115-28.
  • 8. Smolderen KG, Spertus JA, Vriens PW, Kranendonk S, Nooren M, Denollet J. Younger women with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease are at increased risk of depressive symptoms. J Vasc Surg 2010;52:637-44.
  • 9. Higgins JP, Higgins JA. Epidemiology of peripheral arterial disease in women. J Epidemiol 2003;13:1-14.
  • 10. Criqui MH, Fronek A, Barrett-Connor E, Klauber MR, Gabriel S, Goodman D. The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in a defined population. Circulation 1985;71:510-5.
  • 11. Vavra AK, Kibbe MR. Women and peripheral arterial disease. Womens Health (Lond) 2009;5:669-83.
  • 12. Sigvant B, Wiberg-Hedman K, Bergqvist D, Rolandsson O, Andersson B, Persson E, et al. A population-based study of peripheral arterial disease prevalence with special focus on critical limb ischemia and sex differences. J Vasc Surg 2007;45:1185-91.
  • 13. Tokgözoğlu L, Bariş Kaya E. Atherosclerotic vascular disease and risk factors in Turkey: from past to present. J Atheroscler Thromb 2008;15:286-91.
  • 14. Karabay Ö, Karaçelik M, Yılık L, Tekin N, İriz AB, Kumdereli S, et al. [Ischemic peripheral arterial disease: a screening survey]. Turk Gogus Kalp Dama 2012;20:450-7. [Article in Turkish]
  • 15. Nguyen L, Liles DR, Lin PH, Bush RL. Hormone replacement therapy and peripheral vascular disease in women. Vasc Endovasc Surg 2004;38:547-56.
  • 16. Newman AB, Siscovick DS, Manolio TA, Polak J, Fried LP, Borhani NO, et al. Ankle-arm index as a marker of atherosclerosis in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Cardiovascular Heart Study (CHS) collaborative research group. Circulation 1993;88:837-45.
  • 17. El Khoudary SR. Gaps, limitations and new insights on endogenous estrogen and follicle stimulating hormone as related to risk of cardiovascular disease in women traversing the menopause: a narrative review. Maturitas 2017;104:44-53.
  • 18. Miller VM, Duckles SP. Vascular actions of estrogens: functional implications. Pharmacol Rev 2008;60:210-41.
  • 19. Atsma F, Bartelink ML, Grobbee DE, Rutten A, Bots ML, Prokop M, et al. Reproductive factors, metabolic factors, and coronary artery calcification in older women. Menopause 2008;15:899-904.
  • 20. Parikh NI, Cnattingius S, Dickman PW, Mittleman MA, Ludvigsson JF, Ingelsson E. Parity and risk of later-life maternal cardiovascular disease. Am Heart J 2010;159:216-21.e6.
  • 21. Cauley JA, Kassem AM, Lane NE, Thorson S; Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Research Group. Prevalent peripheral arterial disease and inflammatory burden. BMC Geriatr 2016;16:213.
  • 22. Hsia J, Criqui MH, Rodabough RJ, Langer RD, Resnick HE, Phillips LS. Estrogen plus progestin and the risk of peripheral arterial disease: The Women’s Health Initiative. Circulation 2004;109:620-6.
  • 23. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, Furberg C, Herington D, Riggs B, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. JAMA 1998;280:605-13.
  • 24. Hsia J, Simon JA, Lin F, Applegate WB, Vogt MT, Hunninghake D, et al. Peripheral arterial disease in a randomized trial of estrogen with progestin in women with coronary heart disease.Circulation 2000;102:2228-32.
  • 25. Westendorp I, Veld BA, Grobbee DE, Pols H, Meijer WT, Hofman A, et al. Hormone replacement therapy and peripheral arterial disease: The Rotterdam Study. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:2498-502.
  • 26. Rockman CB, Maldonado TS, Jacobowitz GR, Adelman MA, Riles TS. Hormone replacement therapy is associated with a decreased prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in postmenopausal women. Ann Vasc Surg 2012;26:411-8.
  • 27. Ray JG, Vermeulen MJ, Schull MJ, Redelmeier DA. Cardiovascular health after maternal placental syndromes (CHAMPS): population-based retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2005;366:1797-803.
  • 28. Gerhard M, Baum P, Raby KE. Peripheral artieral-vascular disease in women: prevalence, prognosis, and treatment. Cardiology 1995;86:349-55.
  • 29. Kannel WB, McGee DL. Update on some epidemiologic features of intermittent claudication: The Framingham Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 1985;33:13-8.
  • 30. Wang GJ, Shaw PA, Townsend RR, Anderson AH, Xie D, Wang X, et al. Sex differences in the incidence of peripheral artery disease in the chronic renal insufficiency cohort. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2016;9(2 Suppl 1):S86-93.
  • 31. Lu B, Zhou J, Waring ME, Parker DR, Eaton CB. Abdominal obesity and peripheral vascular disease in men and women: a comparison of waist-to-thigh ratio and waist circumference as measures of abdominal obesity. Atherosclerosis 2010;208:253-7.
  • 32. Ridker PM, Cushman M, Stampfer MJ, Tracy RP, Hennekens CH. Plasma concentration of C-reactive protein and risk of developing peripheral vascular disease. Circulation 1998;97:425-8.
  • 33. Lakoski SG, Cushman M, Criqui M, Rundek T, Blumenthal RS, D’Agostino RB Jr, et al. Gender and C-reactive protein: data from the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort. Am Heart J 2006;152:593-8.
  • 34. Aronow WS. Osteoporosis, osteopenia, and atherosclerotic vascular disease. Arch Med Sci 2011;7:21-6.
  • 35. Paquet M, Pilon D, Tetrault JP, Carrier N. Protective vascular treatment of patients with peripheral arterial disease: guideline adherence according to year, age and gender. Can J Public Health 2010;101:96-100.
  • 36. Benjamin EJ, Blaha MJ, Chiuve SE, Cushman M, Das SR, Deo R, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2017 Update: a report from the American Heart Association. Ciruculation 2017;135:146-603.
  • 37. Jackson EA, Munir K, Schreiber T, Rubin JR, Cuff R, Gallagher KA, et al. Impact of sex on morbidity and mortality rates after lower extremity interventions for peripheral arterial disease. JACC 2014;63:2525-30.
  • 38. McDermott MM, Fried L, Simonsick E, Ling S, Guralnik JM. Asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease is independently associated with impaired lower extremity functioning: the Women’s Health and Aging Study. Circulation 2000;101:1007-12.
  • 39. McDermott MM, Guralnik JM, Ferrucci L, Tian L, Liu K, Lias Y, et al. Asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease is associated with more adverse lower extremity characteristics than intermittent claudication. Circulation 2008;117:2484-91.
  • 40. Feinglass J, McDermott MM, Foroohar M, Pearce WH. Gender differences in interventional management of peripheral vascular disease: evidence from a blood flow laboratory population. Ann Vasc Surg 1994;8:343-9.
  • 41. Brevetti G, Bucur R, Balbarini A, Melillo E, Novo S, Muratori I, et al. Women and peripheral arterial disease: same disease, different issues. J Cardiovasc Med 2008;9:382-8.
  • 42. McDermott MM, Greenland P, Liu K, Criqui MH, Guralnik JM, Celic L, et al. Sex differences in peripheral arterial disease: leg symptoms and physical functioning. J Am Geriatr Soc 2003;51:222-8.
  • 43. McDermott MM, Ferrucci L, Liu K, Guralnik JM, Tian L, Kibbe M, et al. Women with peripheral arterial disease experience faster functional decline than men with peripheral arterial disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57:707-14.
  • 44. McDermott MM, Ferrucci L, Simonsick EM, Balfour J, Fried L, Ling S, et al. The ankle brachial index and change in lower extremity functioning over time: the Women’s Health and Aging Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50:238-46.
  • 45. Aboyans V, CriquiMH, McClelland RL, Allison MA, McDermott MM, Goff DC Jr, et al. Intrinsic contribution of gender and ethnicity to normal ankle-brachial index values: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). J Vasc Surg 2007;45:319-27.
  • 46. Patel T, Baydoun H, Patel NK, Tripathi B, Nanavaty S, Savani S, et al. Peripheral arterial disease in women: The gender effect. Cardiovasc Revasc Med 2019 May 31.
  • 47. Zeymer U, Parhofer KG, Pittrow D, Binz C, Schwertfeger M, Limbourg T, et al. Risk factor profile, management and prognosis of patients with peripheral arterial disease with or without coronary artery disease: results of the prospective German REACH registry cohort. Clin Res Cardiol 2009;98:249-56.
  • 48. Cacoub PP, Abola MTB, Baumgartner I, Bhatt DL, Creager MA, Liau CS, et al. Cardiovascular risk factor control and outcomes in peripheral artery disease patients in the Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry. Atherosclerosis 2009;204:86-92.
  • 49. Armstrong EJ, Wu J, Singh GD, Dawson DL, Pevec WC, Amsterdam EA, et al. Smoking cessation is associated with decreased mortality and improved amputation-free survival among patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg 2014;60:1565-71.
  • 50. Sigvant B, Wiberg-Hedman K, Bergqvist D, Rolandsson O, Wahlberg E. Risk factor profiles and use of cardiovascular drug prevention in women and men with peripheral arterial disease. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2009;16:39-46.
  • 51. Ness J, Aronow WS, Ahn C. Risk factors for symptomatic peripheral arterial disease in older persons in an academic hospital-based geriatrics practice. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000;48:312-4.
  • 52. Parmenter BJ, Raymond J, Dinnen P, Singh MA. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials: walking versus alternative exercise prescription as treatment for intermittent claudication. Atherosclerosis 2011;218:1-12.
  • 53. Watson L, Ellis B, Leng GC. Exercise for intermittent claudication. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;(4):CD000990.
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There are 74 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Cardiovascular Surgery
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Senol Yavuz 0000-0001-5246-0808

Kadir Özsin 0000-0001-5933-9322

Umut Serhat Sanrı 0000-0003-4008-4336

Faruk Toktaş 0000-0002-0820-3879

Publication Date March 4, 2020
Submission Date February 10, 2020
Acceptance Date February 17, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

AMA Yavuz S, Özsin K, Sanrı US, Toktaş F. Peripheral artery disease in women. Eur Res J. March 2020;6(2):178-186. doi:10.18621/eurj.687115

e-ISSN: 2149-3189 


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