Research Article
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Assessement of neonatal sepsis and associated factors among neonates admited neonatal intensive care unit in selected public hospitals in Somali Region, Ethiopia

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 6, 617 - 627, 04.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.596108

Abstract

Objectives: To assess neonatal sepsis and associated factors among neonates admitted neonatal intensive care unit in selected public hospitals in Somali region, Ethiopia. 

Methods: Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted in selected public hospitals. Data was collected using structured questionnaire adopted from other literature, entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and then was exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Frequency was used for descriptive analysis. Bivariate analysis was used to determine the association between different risk factors and the outcome variable. Those variables which have significant association at 5% significance level and fulfilling the minimum requirement of 0.2 level of significance with neonatal sepsis was entered for further analysis to multivariate analysis, significance was taken at α = < 0.05. 

Results: The overall prevalence of this study was 42.9% CI = (38.4-47.8) and associated factors was age of the neonate AOR = 0.085 (CI = 0.01, 0.73), Residence shown AOR = 2.567 (CI = 1.01, 6.5) Gestational age AOR = 1.869 (CI = 1.05, 3.31), Meconium stained Amniotic fluid AOR = 2.718 (CI = 1.89, 6.74), Antenatal care AOR = 8.933 (CI = 4.9, 15.9), and Mechanical ventilation after birth OR = 3.376 (CI = 1.65, 6.88). 

Conclusions: The present study found that the overall prevalence of neonatal sepsis in selected hospitals was 42.9%. The study identified, Age of the neonate, Residence, Gestational age, Meconium stained amniotic fluid. Antenatal care, Mechanical ventilation after birth. The findings underscore the importance of routine assessment and close monitoring of neonates. It is therefore recommended to have more skilled health personnel and advanced equipment while providing maternal and new-born health care services.

Supporting Institution

Jigjiga University

Thanks

All praise is for Allah who enabled us to develop this research successfully. We would like to convey our heart full gratitude to my advisors Dr. Abdiwahab Hashi (PhD) whom his valuable comments and advice and directions wouldn’t be possible to execute this research. Our appreciation goes to Jigjiga University which gave us an opportunity to develop a research. Finally, we would like to appreciate people who had some involvement for the development and completion of this research.

References

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  • 3. Simonsen KA, Anderson-Berry AL, Delair SF, Davies HD. Early-onset neonatal sepsis. Clin Microbiol Rev 2014;27:21-47.
  • 4. WHO, editor WHO Sepsis Technical Expert Meeting. Sepsis Technical Expert Meeting; 2018; Switzerland.
  • 5. Seale AC, Blencowe H, Manu AA, Nair H, Bahl R, Qazi SA, et al. Estimates of possible severe bacterial infection in neonates in sub-Saharan Africa, south Asia, and Latin America for 2012: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2014;14:731-41.
  • 6. Liu L, Oza S, Hogan D, Chu Y, Perin J, Zhu J, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of under-5 mortality in 2000-15: an updated systematic analysis with implications for the Sustainable Development Goals. Lancet 2016;388:3027-35.
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  • 17. Abutaleb Arwa A, ALHadi Nusaybah F, Sadun Nouf S, Aldawsari Nouf M, Albalawi Ghadah A, Alnofaily Haider A, et al. Clinical epidemiology of neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted to King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh. ECronicon Paediatrics 2018:48-57.
  • 18. Jabiri A, Wella HL, Semiona A, Saria A, Protas J. Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal sepsis among neonates in Temeke and Mwananyamala Hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Tanzania J Health Res 2016;18(4).
  • 19. Samaga MP. Prevalence of neonatal septicaemia in a tertiary care hospital in Mandya, Karnataka, India. Int J Res Med Sci 2016;4:2812-6.
  • 20. West BA, Tabansi PN. Prevalence of neonatal septicaemia in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Niger J Paed 2014;41:32-7.
  • 21. Leal YA, JoséÁlvarez-Nemegyei J, Velázquez JR, Rosado-Quiab U, Diego-Rodríguez N, Paz-Baeza E, et al. Risk factors and prognosis for neonatal sepsis in southeastern Mexico. BMC Pregnancy Cildbirth 2012;12:48.
  • 22. Shobowale EO, Solarin AU, Elikwu CJ, Onyedibe KI, Akinola IJ, Faniran AA. Neonatal sepsis in a Nigerian private tertiary hospital: bacterial isolates, risk factors, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Ann Afr Med 2017;16:52-8.
  • 23. Leal YA, JoséÁlvarez-Nemegyei J, Velázquez JR, Rosado-Quiab U, Diego-Rodríguez N, Paz-Baeza E, et al. Risk factors and prognosis for neonatal sepsis in southeastern Mexico. BMC Pregnancy Cildbirth 2012;12:48.
  • 24. Woldu MA, Guta MB, Lenjisa JL, Tegegne GT, Dinsa H. Assessment of the incidence of neonatal sepsis, its risk factors, antimicrobials use and clinical outcomes in Bishoftu General Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Debrezeit-Ethiopia. Int J Contemp Pediatr 2014;1:135-41.
  • 25. Mugalu J, Nakakeeto MK, Kiguli S, Kaddu-Mulindwa. DH. Aetiology, risk factors and immediate outcome of bacteriologically confirmed neonatal septicaemia in Mulago hospital, Uganda. Afr Health Sci 2015;6:120-6.
  • 26. Siakwa M, Kpıkpıtse D, Mupepi S, Semuatu M.. Neonatal sepsis in rural Ghana: a case control study of risk factors in a birth cohort. Int J Res Med Health Sci. 2014;4:72-83.
  • 27. Tewabe T, Mohammed S, Tilahun Y, Melaku B, Fenta M, Dagnaw T, et al. Clinical outcome and risk factors of neonatal sepsis among neonates in Felege Hiwot referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Amhara Regional State, North West Ethiopia 2016: a retrospective chart review. BMC Res Notes 2017;10:265
Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 6, 617 - 627, 04.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.596108

Abstract

References

  • 1. Dessì A, Pravettoni C, Ottonello G, Birocchi F, Cioglia F, Fanos V. Neonatal sepsis. Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine (JPNIM) 2014;3:e030273.
  • 2. Edwards MS, Baker CJ. Sepsis in the newborn. In: Gershon A, Hotez P, Katz S, eds. Krugman’s infectious diseases of children. 11th ed., Mosby, 2004: pp. 545-61.
  • 3. Simonsen KA, Anderson-Berry AL, Delair SF, Davies HD. Early-onset neonatal sepsis. Clin Microbiol Rev 2014;27:21-47.
  • 4. WHO, editor WHO Sepsis Technical Expert Meeting. Sepsis Technical Expert Meeting; 2018; Switzerland.
  • 5. Seale AC, Blencowe H, Manu AA, Nair H, Bahl R, Qazi SA, et al. Estimates of possible severe bacterial infection in neonates in sub-Saharan Africa, south Asia, and Latin America for 2012: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2014;14:731-41.
  • 6. Liu L, Oza S, Hogan D, Chu Y, Perin J, Zhu J, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of under-5 mortality in 2000-15: an updated systematic analysis with implications for the Sustainable Development Goals. Lancet 2016;388:3027-35.
  • 7. Lucia Hug DS, Kai Zhong and Danzhen You. Levels & Trends in Child Mortality. New York: UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, 2018.
  • 8. Health TFDRoEMo. National Strategy for Newborn and Child Survival in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Health MaCHDMo; 2015.
  • 9. (Ethiopia) CSAC. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: The DHS Program, ICF, Rockville, Maryland, USA; 2016.
  • 10. Edmond K, Zaidi A. New approaches to preventing, diagnosing, and treating neonatal sepsis. PLoS Med 2010;7:e1000213.
  • 11. Qazi SA, Stoll BJ. Neonatal sepsis: a major global public health challenge. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009;28(1 Suppl):S1-2.
  • 12. Ranjeva SL, Warf BC, Schiff SJ. Economic burden of neonatal sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa. BMJ Glob Health 2018;3:e000347. 13. xxx. 14. xxxx.
  • 13. FDRE. Population and Housing Census CSA; 2007.
  • 14. CSA CSA. GODE. 2010.
  • 15. Godey report. City council Health Office, 2016.
  • 16. Shitaye D Asrat D, Woldeamanuel Y, Worku B. Risk factors and etiology of neonatal sepsis in Tikur Anbessa University Hospital, Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J 2010;48:11-21.
  • 17. Abutaleb Arwa A, ALHadi Nusaybah F, Sadun Nouf S, Aldawsari Nouf M, Albalawi Ghadah A, Alnofaily Haider A, et al. Clinical epidemiology of neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted to King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh. ECronicon Paediatrics 2018:48-57.
  • 18. Jabiri A, Wella HL, Semiona A, Saria A, Protas J. Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal sepsis among neonates in Temeke and Mwananyamala Hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Tanzania J Health Res 2016;18(4).
  • 19. Samaga MP. Prevalence of neonatal septicaemia in a tertiary care hospital in Mandya, Karnataka, India. Int J Res Med Sci 2016;4:2812-6.
  • 20. West BA, Tabansi PN. Prevalence of neonatal septicaemia in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Niger J Paed 2014;41:32-7.
  • 21. Leal YA, JoséÁlvarez-Nemegyei J, Velázquez JR, Rosado-Quiab U, Diego-Rodríguez N, Paz-Baeza E, et al. Risk factors and prognosis for neonatal sepsis in southeastern Mexico. BMC Pregnancy Cildbirth 2012;12:48.
  • 22. Shobowale EO, Solarin AU, Elikwu CJ, Onyedibe KI, Akinola IJ, Faniran AA. Neonatal sepsis in a Nigerian private tertiary hospital: bacterial isolates, risk factors, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Ann Afr Med 2017;16:52-8.
  • 23. Leal YA, JoséÁlvarez-Nemegyei J, Velázquez JR, Rosado-Quiab U, Diego-Rodríguez N, Paz-Baeza E, et al. Risk factors and prognosis for neonatal sepsis in southeastern Mexico. BMC Pregnancy Cildbirth 2012;12:48.
  • 24. Woldu MA, Guta MB, Lenjisa JL, Tegegne GT, Dinsa H. Assessment of the incidence of neonatal sepsis, its risk factors, antimicrobials use and clinical outcomes in Bishoftu General Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Debrezeit-Ethiopia. Int J Contemp Pediatr 2014;1:135-41.
  • 25. Mugalu J, Nakakeeto MK, Kiguli S, Kaddu-Mulindwa. DH. Aetiology, risk factors and immediate outcome of bacteriologically confirmed neonatal septicaemia in Mulago hospital, Uganda. Afr Health Sci 2015;6:120-6.
  • 26. Siakwa M, Kpıkpıtse D, Mupepi S, Semuatu M.. Neonatal sepsis in rural Ghana: a case control study of risk factors in a birth cohort. Int J Res Med Health Sci. 2014;4:72-83.
  • 27. Tewabe T, Mohammed S, Tilahun Y, Melaku B, Fenta M, Dagnaw T, et al. Clinical outcome and risk factors of neonatal sepsis among neonates in Felege Hiwot referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Amhara Regional State, North West Ethiopia 2016: a retrospective chart review. BMC Res Notes 2017;10:265
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Paediatrics
Journal Section Original Articles
Authors

Abdikani Nur 0000-0002-2595-9037

Mohamed Osman This is me 0000-0001-6428-8638

Publication Date November 4, 2021
Submission Date July 24, 2019
Acceptance Date June 18, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 7 Issue: 6

Cite

AMA Nur A, Osman M. Assessement of neonatal sepsis and associated factors among neonates admited neonatal intensive care unit in selected public hospitals in Somali Region, Ethiopia. Eur Res J. November 2021;7(6):617-627. doi:10.18621/eurj.596108

e-ISSN: 2149-3189 


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