Causes of Male Infertility

Abstract

Infertility is a global health problem and is defined as an inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months of regular unpro-tected sexual intercourse. The global incidence of infertility is ap-proximately 8–12%, and half of these patients seek medical help for the condition. The use of assisted reproduction technology (ART) has been increasingly used worldwide, and advances in ART have enabled many couples to overcome infertility. Infertility can be related to female infertility, male infertility, a combination of the two or unexplained factors. Male infertility constitutes nearly half of all instances of infertility and affects approximately 7% of the male population. The initial evaluation of male infertility includes obtaining a detailed medical history, a physical examination, an endocrine assessment and semen analysis. Male infertility can be due to hormonal imbalances, genetic problems, physical causes, environmental lifestyle factors or psychological or behavioural factors. Also, advanced male age may affect the quality of sperm, which can lead to male infertility. In conclusion, the causes of male infertility are multifarious. The evaluation and management of male infertility during infertility treatment are of the utmost im-portance for couples.

Keywords

• Male infertility
• infertility
• male

Erkek İnfertilite Nedenleri

Abstract

nfertilite dünya çapında bir sağlık sorunu olup, 12 aylık düzenli korunmasız cinsel ilişkiden sonra klinik bir hamilelik elde edeme-me olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Dünya çapında infertilitenin insidansı yaklaşık %8-12 olarak belirtilmekle birlikte hastaların yarısı bu du-rum için tıbbi yardım istemektedir. Yardımcı üreme teknolojisinin (YÜT) kullanımı dünya çapında giderek artmakla birlikte, YÜT’deki gelişmeler birçok çiftin infertilite sorunun üstesinden gelmesine izin vermiştir. İnfertilite, kadın infertilitesi, erkek infertilitesi, kadın ve erkek veya açıklanamayan faktörlerin bir kombinasyonu ile iliş-kili olabilmektedir. Erkek infertilitesi, tüm infertilite vakalarının ne-redeyse yarısını oluşturur ve erkek nüfusun yaklaşık %7'sini etkile-mektedir. Erkek infertilitesinin ilk değerlendirmesi, ayrıntılı bir tıbbi öykü, fizik muayene, endokrin değerlendirme ve semen analizini içermektedir. Erkek infertilitesi hormonal dengesizlikler, genetik problemler, fiziksel nedenler, çevresel yaşam tarzı faktörleri veya psikolojik veya davranışsal faktörlerden kaynaklanabileceği rapor-lanmıştır. Ayrıca, ileri erkek yaşı, sperm kalitesini etkileyerek erkek infertilitesine yol açabilir. Sonuç olarak, erkek infertilitesinin ne-denleri çok yönlüdür. İnfertilite tedavisi sırasında erkek infertilitesi-nin değerlendirilmesi ve yönetimi çiftler için son derece önemlidir.

Keywords

• Erkek infertilitesi
• infertilite
• erkek

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