Do Norepinephrine and Estradiol Affect the Growth of Escherichia coli and Expressions of MarGenes?

Year 2021, , 200 - 206, 08.12.2021

Defne Gümüş , Fatma Kalaycı Yüksek , Özlem Sefer , Emre Yörük , Gülşen Uz , A. Mine Küçüker

https://doi.org/10.26650/experimed.2021.989918

Abstract

Objective: Human hormones have been shown to regulate antibi-otic resistance levels, pathogenicity, and growth of bacteria. In our study, we aimed to detect the possible effects of norepinephrine (NE) and estradiol (Est) on growth and expression of chromosomal multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) locus and related genes (ompF, marA, tolC, acrA, marR and acrB) in Escherichia (E) coli SPC105.

Material and Method: Serum supplemented SAPI (control) and serum SAPI containing norepinephrine (0.0017 μg/mL, 0.04 μg/mL, and 100 μg/mL) and estradiol (0.4 ng/mL, 3 ng/mL, 300 ng/mL) was used to grow E. coli SPC105. Growth alterations were deter-mined using the turbidimetric method while the gene expression levels were examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Results: It was shown that, NE and Est in all concentrations were shown to affect (reduce/enhance due to incubation periods or hormone concentrations) the growth of E. coli SPC105 apart from the high-level Est concentration. Expression levels of all six target genes were shown to be significantly enhanced in the presence of all concentrations of both NE and Est.

Conclusion: Our results constitute new data on the possible influ-ences of these hormones on the growth and expressions of mar operon on transcriptional levels in the E. coli SPC105 strain.

Keywords

Norepinephrine, estradiol, mar operon, gene expres-sion, growth, E. coli

Norepinefrin ve Östradiol Escherichia coli’nin Üremesini ve Mar Genlerinin Ekspresyonunu Etkiler mi?

Abstract

Amaç: Hormonların bakterilerin virulansı, antibiyotik duyarlılığı ve üremesini düzenlediği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, norepinefrin (NE) ve östradiolün (Est) Escherichia (E) coli SPC105 suşunun üremesi ve kromozomal çoğul antibiyotik direnci (mar) lokusu ve ilişkili genlerin (marA, marR, ompF, acrA, acrB ve tolC) ekspresyonu üzerine olası etkileri incelenmiştir.

Gereç ve Yöntem:E. coli SPC105 suşu serum ilave edilmiş SAPI (kontrol olarak) ve norepinefrin (0,0017 μg/mL, 0,04 μg/mL ve 100 μg/mL) ile östradiol (0,4 ng/mL, 3 ng/mL, 300 ng/mL) eklenmiş serum-SAPI besiyerinde üretilmiştir. Üreme değişimleri turbidimetrik yöntem ile; gen ekspresyon düzeyleri ise kantitatif polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qPCR) ile araştırılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmamızın sonucunda yüksek düzey Est dışında tüm denenen hormon konsantrasyonlarının E. coli SPC105 suşunun üremesi üzerine etkisi olduğu (inkübasyon süresine veya hormon konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak baskılama/arttırma yönünde) gösterilmiştir. NE ve Est’nin tüm konsantrasyonlarının incelenen tüm hedef genlerin ekpresyonunu arttırdığı gösterilmiştir.

Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız incelenen bu iki hormonun E. coli SPC105 su-şunun üremesi ve mar operonunun ekspresyonunda, transkripsiyonel seviyede, olası etkileri üzerine yeni bir veri ortaya koymuştur.

Keywords

Norepinefrin, östradiol, mar operonu, gen eks-presyonu, üreme, E. coli

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