Research Article
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İmmünfloresan Yöntemi ile Belirlenen Otoantikorlarda Kadın/Erkek Dağılımı

Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 119 - 123, 24.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.26650/experimed.2020.810950

Abstract

Amaç: Otoimmün hastalıkların tanısında ve takibinde kullanılan otoantikorlardan olan anti-nükleer antikorların ve organ spesifik olmayan antikorların pozitiflik oranları, kadın/erkek hastalardaki dağılımını saptamaktır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda retrospektif olarak 2016-2017 yılları arasında laboratuvarımıza başvuran hastaların serum örnek-lerinde immunfloresans (İFA) yöntemi ile çalışılan anti-nükleer an-tikor (ANA), anti-nötrofil sitoplazmik antikor (ANCA), anti-düz kas antikorları (ASMA), anti-karaciğer böbrek mikrozomal antikorları (anti-LKM1), anti-gastrik pariyetal hücre antikorları (anti-GPCA) ve anti-mitokondriyal antikorlar (AMA) gibi otoantikor değerleri taranmıştır. ANA, HEp-2 hücre soyu ile ASMA, AMA LKM-1 ve GP-CA’ları sıçan karaciğer, böbrek, mide dokusunu içeren kombine preparatlar kullanılarak; ANCA ise etanol ile fikse edilmiş insan nöt-rofil preparatları substrat olarak kullanılmıştır. ANA için 1/80, ASMA, AMA, LKM-1, GPCA için serum sulandırımı 1/40; ANCA için ise 1/20 ve üzeri pozitif olarak kabul edilmiştir. Ek olarak, pozitif örneklerde patern özellikleri ve dilüsyon miktarları da değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: İFA yöntemi ile çalışılmış 5378’si kadın, 3055’ü erkek (toplam 8433) hastanın serumlarında otoantikor test sonuçları in-celenmiştir. ANA patern özelliği en yoğun olarak homojen tip başta olmak üzere benekli (speckled), granüler, sentromer, nükleolar, pe-riferik ve nükleer tanecikler şeklindedir. Kadın hastaların pozitiflik değerleri erkek hastalara göre yüksek saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Değerlendirmemiz sonucunda, kadın hasta sayısının fazla olduğu ve kadınlardaki pozitiflik oranlarının da erkek hastaların iki veya üç katı oranında olduğu gözlenmiştir

References

  • 1. Cabiedes J, Nûnez-Ălvarez CA. Antinuclear antibodies. Reumatol Clin 2010; 6(4): 224-30. [CrossRef ]
  • 2. Tan EM, Chan EK, Sullivan KF, Rubin RL. Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs): diagnostically specific immune markers and clues toward the understanding of systemic autoimmunity. Clin Immunol Im-munopathol 1988; 47(2) :121-41. [CrossRef ]
  • 3. Birtane M. Diagnostic role of anti-nuclear antibodies in rheumatic diseases. Turk J Rheumatol 2012; 27(2): 79-9. [CrossRef ]
  • 4. Zandman-Goddard G, Shoenfeld Y. HIV and autoimmunity. Auto-immunity Reviews 2002; 1: 329-37. [CrossRef ]
  • 5. Mc Murray RW, Elbourne K. Hepatitis C virus infection and autoim-munity. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997; 26(4): 689-01. [CrossRef ]
  • 6. Torchilin VP, Iakoubov LZ, Estrov Z. Antinuclear autoantibodies as potential antineoplastic agents. Trends Immunol 2001; 22(8): 424-7. [CrossRef ]
  • 7. Shoenfeld Y, Zandman - Goddard G editors. Autoimmune dise-ases- The enemy from within. USA, Bio-Rad Laboratories. 1st ed. 2003.
  • 8. Kavanaugh A, Tomar R, Reveille J, Solomon DH, Homburger HA. Guidelines for clinical use of the antinuclear antibody test and tests for specific autoantibodies to nuclear antigens. American College of Pathologists. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000; 124(1): 71-1.
  • 9. Bradwell AR, Stokes RP, Johnson GD editors. Atlas of autoantibody patterns on tissues. KNP Group Ltd, England 1997; (5): 27-51.
  • 10. Csernok E. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and pathoge-nesis of small vessel vasculitides. Autoimmun Rev 2003; 2(3): 158-64. [CrossRef ]
  • 11. Smeenk RJ. Antinuclear antibodies: cause of disease or caused by disease? Rheumatology 2000; 39(6): 581-4. [CrossRef ]
  • 12. Egner W. The use of laboratory tests in the diagnosis of SLE. J Clin Pathol 2000; 53(6): 424-32. [CrossRef ]
  • 13. Tan EM, Feltkamp TE, Smolen JS, Butcher B, Dawkins R, Fritzler MJ, et al. Range of antinuclear antibodies in "healthy" individuals. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40(9): 1601-11. [CrossRef ]
  • 14. Cabral DA, Petty RE, Fung M, Malleson PN. Persistent antinuclear antibodies in children without identifiable inflammatory rheuma-tic or autoimmune disease. Pediatrics 1992; 89(3): 441-4.
  • 15. Deane PM, Liard G, Siegel DM, Baum J. The outcome of children re-ferred to a pediatric rheumatology clinic with a positive antinuc-lear antibody test but without an autoimmune disease. Pediatrics 1995; 95(6): 892-5.
  • 16. Autoimmune disease in women- the facts. URL:http:// www.aar-da.org/women
  • 17. Yurttutan-Uyar N, Güngör Ö, Serteser M, Akyar I. Antinükleer an-tikor-hep-2 (ANA) testinin tarama titresi için pozitiflik değerinin belirlenmesi. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg 2017; 74(1): 13-20. [CrossRef ]
  • 18. Zola H, Roberts-Thomson P, McEvoy R editors . Diagnostic immu-nopathology. Laboratory practice and clinical application. New York: Cambridge University Press 1995; (4): 62-112.
  • 19. Peene I, Meheus L, Veys EM, De Keyser F. Detection and identifi-cation of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in a large and consecutive cohort of serum samples referred for ANA testing. Ann Rheum Dis 2001; 60(12): 1131-6. [CrossRef ]
  • 20. Bradwel A R, Hughes R G, Harden E L editors. Atlas of Hep-2 patter-ns. Drapkins Co. UK.2nd ed. 2003, p 116.
  • 21. Bradwell A R, Stokes R P, Mead G P editors. Advanced atlas of auto-antibody patterns. KNP Group Ltd, England. 1999; 29.
  • 22. Zauli D, Cassani F, Bianchi FB. Auto-antibodies in hepatitis C. Bio-med Pharmacother 1999; 53(5-6): 234-41. [CrossRef ]
  • 23. Worman HJ, Courvalin JC. Antinuclear antibodies specific for primary biliary cirrhosis. Autoimmun Rev 2003; 2(4): 211-17. [CrossRef ]
  • 24. Kamalı S, Kasapoğlu E, Çefle A, Sayarlıoğlu M, Öcal L, Gül A, İnanç M, Aral O, Koniçe M. Primer Sjögren sendromu 35 hastanın klinik ve laboratuar özellikleri: İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Romatoloji Bilim Dalı Tecrübesi. İst Tıp Fak. Mecmuası 2004; 67(2): 105-8.
  • 25. Yılmaz Ö, Karaman M, Ergon MC, Bahar İH, Yuluğ N. Konnektif doku hastalıklarının tanısında antinükleer (ANA) ve anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antikorlarının önemi. Türkiye Parazi-tol Dergi 2005; 29(4): 287-90.
  • 26. Yumuk Z, Çalışkan Ş, Gündeş S, Willke A. Anti-nükleer antikorla-rın (ANA) araştırılması ve saptanmasında kullanılan teknikler. Türk Microbiol Cem Dergi 2005; 35(1): 40-4.

Female–Male Distribution in Autoantibody Detected by Immunofluorescence

Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 119 - 123, 24.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.26650/experimed.2020.810950

Abstract

Objective: This study determines the positivity rates and gender distribution of antinuclear and liver-specific autoantibodies that are considered important in the diagnosis and follow-up of auto-immune diseases. Material and Method: We retrospectively screened autoanti-bodies, including antinuclear antibodies (ANA), antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA), anti-liver kidney microsomal-1 antibodies (anti-LKM-1), anti-gastric parietal cell antibodies (anti-GPCA), and antimitochon-drial antibodies (AMA) in serum samples of patients applied to our laboratory during 2015-2016 by immunofluorescence methodolo-gy. We used the Hep2 cell line for ANA, rat liver–kidney–stomach combined tissues for LKM-1, ASMA, GPCA and AMA, and ethanol fixed human granulocytes preparations for ANCA. Dilutions ≥1/80 for ANA, ≥1/40 for ASMA, AMA, LKM-1, GPCA, and ≥1/20 for ANCA were positive. Positive samples were also evaluated for their stain-ing patterns and dilutions.Results: Autoantibody test results studied with immunofluo-rescence were screened in 8433 (5378 females and 3055 males) samples. The highest staining pattern observed for ANA was ho-mogenous, followed by speckled, granular, centromere, nucleolar, peripheral, and nuclear speckled. Females exhibited a higher pos-itivity rate than males. Conclusion: The number and positivity rate of female patients were found to be two to three times higher than those of male patients.

References

  • 1. Cabiedes J, Nûnez-Ălvarez CA. Antinuclear antibodies. Reumatol Clin 2010; 6(4): 224-30. [CrossRef ]
  • 2. Tan EM, Chan EK, Sullivan KF, Rubin RL. Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs): diagnostically specific immune markers and clues toward the understanding of systemic autoimmunity. Clin Immunol Im-munopathol 1988; 47(2) :121-41. [CrossRef ]
  • 3. Birtane M. Diagnostic role of anti-nuclear antibodies in rheumatic diseases. Turk J Rheumatol 2012; 27(2): 79-9. [CrossRef ]
  • 4. Zandman-Goddard G, Shoenfeld Y. HIV and autoimmunity. Auto-immunity Reviews 2002; 1: 329-37. [CrossRef ]
  • 5. Mc Murray RW, Elbourne K. Hepatitis C virus infection and autoim-munity. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997; 26(4): 689-01. [CrossRef ]
  • 6. Torchilin VP, Iakoubov LZ, Estrov Z. Antinuclear autoantibodies as potential antineoplastic agents. Trends Immunol 2001; 22(8): 424-7. [CrossRef ]
  • 7. Shoenfeld Y, Zandman - Goddard G editors. Autoimmune dise-ases- The enemy from within. USA, Bio-Rad Laboratories. 1st ed. 2003.
  • 8. Kavanaugh A, Tomar R, Reveille J, Solomon DH, Homburger HA. Guidelines for clinical use of the antinuclear antibody test and tests for specific autoantibodies to nuclear antigens. American College of Pathologists. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000; 124(1): 71-1.
  • 9. Bradwell AR, Stokes RP, Johnson GD editors. Atlas of autoantibody patterns on tissues. KNP Group Ltd, England 1997; (5): 27-51.
  • 10. Csernok E. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and pathoge-nesis of small vessel vasculitides. Autoimmun Rev 2003; 2(3): 158-64. [CrossRef ]
  • 11. Smeenk RJ. Antinuclear antibodies: cause of disease or caused by disease? Rheumatology 2000; 39(6): 581-4. [CrossRef ]
  • 12. Egner W. The use of laboratory tests in the diagnosis of SLE. J Clin Pathol 2000; 53(6): 424-32. [CrossRef ]
  • 13. Tan EM, Feltkamp TE, Smolen JS, Butcher B, Dawkins R, Fritzler MJ, et al. Range of antinuclear antibodies in "healthy" individuals. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40(9): 1601-11. [CrossRef ]
  • 14. Cabral DA, Petty RE, Fung M, Malleson PN. Persistent antinuclear antibodies in children without identifiable inflammatory rheuma-tic or autoimmune disease. Pediatrics 1992; 89(3): 441-4.
  • 15. Deane PM, Liard G, Siegel DM, Baum J. The outcome of children re-ferred to a pediatric rheumatology clinic with a positive antinuc-lear antibody test but without an autoimmune disease. Pediatrics 1995; 95(6): 892-5.
  • 16. Autoimmune disease in women- the facts. URL:http:// www.aar-da.org/women
  • 17. Yurttutan-Uyar N, Güngör Ö, Serteser M, Akyar I. Antinükleer an-tikor-hep-2 (ANA) testinin tarama titresi için pozitiflik değerinin belirlenmesi. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg 2017; 74(1): 13-20. [CrossRef ]
  • 18. Zola H, Roberts-Thomson P, McEvoy R editors . Diagnostic immu-nopathology. Laboratory practice and clinical application. New York: Cambridge University Press 1995; (4): 62-112.
  • 19. Peene I, Meheus L, Veys EM, De Keyser F. Detection and identifi-cation of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in a large and consecutive cohort of serum samples referred for ANA testing. Ann Rheum Dis 2001; 60(12): 1131-6. [CrossRef ]
  • 20. Bradwel A R, Hughes R G, Harden E L editors. Atlas of Hep-2 patter-ns. Drapkins Co. UK.2nd ed. 2003, p 116.
  • 21. Bradwell A R, Stokes R P, Mead G P editors. Advanced atlas of auto-antibody patterns. KNP Group Ltd, England. 1999; 29.
  • 22. Zauli D, Cassani F, Bianchi FB. Auto-antibodies in hepatitis C. Bio-med Pharmacother 1999; 53(5-6): 234-41. [CrossRef ]
  • 23. Worman HJ, Courvalin JC. Antinuclear antibodies specific for primary biliary cirrhosis. Autoimmun Rev 2003; 2(4): 211-17. [CrossRef ]
  • 24. Kamalı S, Kasapoğlu E, Çefle A, Sayarlıoğlu M, Öcal L, Gül A, İnanç M, Aral O, Koniçe M. Primer Sjögren sendromu 35 hastanın klinik ve laboratuar özellikleri: İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Romatoloji Bilim Dalı Tecrübesi. İst Tıp Fak. Mecmuası 2004; 67(2): 105-8.
  • 25. Yılmaz Ö, Karaman M, Ergon MC, Bahar İH, Yuluğ N. Konnektif doku hastalıklarının tanısında antinükleer (ANA) ve anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antikorlarının önemi. Türkiye Parazi-tol Dergi 2005; 29(4): 287-90.
  • 26. Yumuk Z, Çalışkan Ş, Gündeş S, Willke A. Anti-nükleer antikorla-rın (ANA) araştırılması ve saptanmasında kullanılan teknikler. Türk Microbiol Cem Dergi 2005; 35(1): 40-4.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Nuray Gürel-polat 0000-0002-5513-575X

Nurhas Safran This is me 0000-0002-0239-1151

Gaye Erten 0000-0002-5784-7785

Publication Date December 24, 2020
Submission Date October 15, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 10 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Gürel-polat N, Safran N, Erten G. İmmünfloresan Yöntemi ile Belirlenen Otoantikorlarda Kadın/Erkek Dağılımı. Experimed. 2020;10(3):119-23.