Türkiye’de Heteropatriyarkal Ailenin İnşası ve Muhalif Cinsellikler

Abstract

Bu metnin temel amacı ulus-devletlerin tabiyetleri altındaki vatandaşların bedenleri üzerinden, cinsiyeti ve cinselliği kullanarak hem kendi nüfuslarını idame ettiklerini hem de küresel anlamda sınır belilerdiklerini örnekler üzerinden tartışarak, Türkiyenin hetropatriyarkal rejimi içerisinde eşcinsellere ebeveynlik yolunun nasıl ve neden kapalı tuttulduğunu irdelemek. Cinsel yönelim konusunun sadece heteroseksüel normdan sapma gösteren küçük bir azınlığı ilgilendirdiği savı üzerinden heteroseksüelliğin doğallaştırılmasını tartışmaya açıyor. Ulus devletin temellerinden biri olarak heteropatriarkal aileyi, milliyetçilik bağlamında annelik kurumunu ve ebeveynliğe giden yollların hangi sebepler ve yöntemlerle cinsel muhaliflere kapatıldığını anlatıyor

Keywords

• Kuir Teori
• LGBT hareketi
• feminist hareket
• hetero-patriyarka

The Construction of Heteropatriarchal Family and Dissident Sexualities in Turkey

Abstract

Nation states create their sexual regimes not only to discipline and manage the populations within the state but also to establish their differences from other states and set their borders through the bodies of the citizens under their mandate. The article contends that heterosexuality is naturalised through the argument that sexual orientation is an issue which concerns only a small minority of the population that deviates from the norm. In Turkey, the depiction of a homosexual category, that is hyper-sexualized and devoid of parenting abilities works in the construction of the heteropatriarchal family, which constitutes one of the main pillars of the nation state. The article scrutinizes the institution of motherhood in relation to the nationalist ideology, why parenting is reserved only for heterosexual people and how sexual dissidents are excluded from the practices of parenting a child

Keywords

• Queer Theory
• LGBT movement
• feminist movement
• heteropatriarchy

References

1. Acara, Eda. A Case Study on the Discourse of Women’s Conscientious Objection in Turkey unpublished MA thesis. Saint Mary’sUniversity, Halifax, 2010.
2. Bayraktar, Sevi. Makbul Anneler Müstakbel Vatandaşlar: Neoliberal Beden Politikalarında Annelik. (Ankara: Ayizi Kitap, 2011).
3. Bereket, Tarik and Barry Adams. “The Emergence of Gay Identities in Contemporary Turkey.” Sexualities, 9:31 (2006). Retrieved 3 October, 2009.
4. Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity (New York: Routledge, 1990).
5. Butler, Judith. Frames of War: When is Life Grievable. (London: Verso, 2010).
6. Butler, Judith. Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. (London: Verso, 2004).
7. Delice, Serkan. ‘Osmanlı’yı Bugün Nasıl Tefsir Ediyoruz? Tarih ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Üzerine Düşünceler’ (How do we conceptualize the Ottoman today? Thoughts on History and Gender), Cinsiyet Halleri: Türkiye’de Toplumsal Cinsiyet’in Kesişim Sınırları, (ed.) Nil Mutluer (Istanbul: Varlık, 2008): 72-87.
8. Eng, David L., Judith Halberstam, José Esteban Muñoz “What is Queer about Queer Studies Now?” A Special Issue of Social Text. Number 84-85 (2005). http://www.dukeupress.edu/Catalog/ViewProduct.php?productid=15316

9. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies (HUIP), Turkey Demographic and Health Survey 2008, (Ankara
10. Hacettepe University Press. 2009)
11. Hürriyet Sunday Supplement, “Homosexuality is a Disease’ says Turkish Minister,” (March 7, 2010). http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=8216homosexuality-is-a-disease8217-says-minister-2010-03-07
12. Ilkkaracan, Pınar. “Turkey: How Adultery Almost Derailed Turkey's Aspiration to Join the European Union” in Sexpolitics Richard Parker (ed.). Sexuality Polity Watch (2007): 247-275
13. Jacobsen, Janet R. “Queer is? Queer Does? Normativity and the Problem of Resistance”. GLQ 4:4. Duke University Press. (1998): 511-536.
14. Kurtoğlu, Ayça. “Sex Reassignment, Biological Reproduction and Sexual Citizenship in Turkey,” Fe Dergi 1/2 (2009): 88.
15. Manalansan, Martin. “Race, Violence and Neoliberal Spatial Politics in the Global City” Social Text 84-85, Vol 23, Nos 3-4, Fall-Winter (2005).
16. Massad, Joseph. “Re-Orienting Gay Desire: the Gay International and the Arab World.” Public Culture, 14-2, pp. 361- (2002) http://muse.jhu.edu.proxy.queensu.ca/journals/public_culture/v014/14.2massad.pdf
17. Mohanty, Chandra T. Feminism without Borders: Decolonizing Theory Practising Solidarity. (New Delhi: Raj Press, ). Oktem, Kerem. “Another Struggle: Sexual Identity Politics in Unsettled Turkey.” (2008). http://www.zcommunications.org/another-struggle-sexual-identity-politics-in-unsettled-turkey-by-kerem-ktem
18. Öz, Yasemin. “Görünmezlik Kıskacında Lezbiyenler.” İn Cinsiyet halleri: Türkiye’de Toplumsal Cinsiyetin Kesişim Sınırları Nil Mutluer (ed.) (Istanbul: Varlık Yayınları, 2008).
19. Puar, Jaspir. “Introduction: Homonationalism and Biopolitics.” Pp.1-37 in Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times. (USA: Duke University Press, 2007).
20. Rich, Adrienne. “Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence” Signs, Vol 5, No 4. (1980). http://www.jstor.org/stable/3173834
21. Rich, Adrienne. Of Women Born: Motherhood as an Experience and as Institution. (New York: Norton& Company, Said, Edward. Introduction in Orientalism: Western Conceptions of the Orient (London: Penguin, 1995 Revisited edition).
22. Sancar, Serpil. “Otoriter Türk Modernleşmesinin Cinsiyet Rejimi” (The Sexual Regime of the Turkish Authoritarian Modernization), Doğu Batı, Özel Sayı: İdeolojiler II, no.29. (2004).
23. Sedgwick, Eve K. Epistemology of the Closet. (Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1990).
24. Seidman, Steven. Difference Troubles: Queering Social Theory and Sexual Politics (UK: Cambridge University Press, ). Selek, Pınar. Sürüne Sürüne Erkek Olmak (Crawling to be a Man) (İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, 2008).
25. Selek, Pınar. Maskeler, Süvariler, Gacılar (Istanbul: Aykırı Yayıncılık, 2001).
26. Serifsoy, Selda. “Aile ve Kemalist Modernizasyon Projesi, 1928-1950” in (ed.)Ayse Gul Altınay Vatan Millet
27. Kadınlar (Istanbul: İletisim yayıncılık, 2000): 167-201
28. Smith, Andrea. “Heteropatriarchy and the Three Pillars of White Supremacy” in Color of Violence: INCITE Women of Color against Violence. (2006).
29. Tekeli, Sirin. ed. Women in Modern Turkish Society (London and New Jersey: Zed Books, 1995).
30. Warner, Michael. Fear of a Queer Planet: Queer Politics and Social Theory (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993)
31. Wittig, Monique. “The Category of Sex”, in The Straight Mind and Other Essays (Boston: Beacon Press, 1992).
32. Ze'vi, Dror. Producing Desire: Changing Sexual Discourse in the Ottoman Middle East, 1500-1900 (London, England
33. University of California Press, 2006).
34. Zürcher, E. J. Turkey: A Modern History. (New York: I.B.Taurus, 2004).