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İklim Kriziyle Mücadelenin Finansmanı Çerçevesinde Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma ve Zamanlar Arası Dışsallıkların İçselleştirilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 107 - 121, 31.12.2022

Abstract

Küresel iklim krizi ile ilgili sorunların bir tehdide dönüşmesiyle birlikte dünyada sürdürülebilirlik konusu politik ve akademik çevrelerde daha fazla önem kazanmıştır. Küresel ısınmanın önüne geçilebilmesi küresel iş birliğini gerekli kılmıştır. Bununla ilgili olarak geniş bir literatür oluşmasının yanında önemli somut adımlar atılmıştır. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin sürdürülebilir kalkınma çabalarının finansman desteğine ihtiyaç duyduğu genel kabul görmektedir. Bu çalışmada ülkeler arasında gelişmişlik farklarını açıklamak için, zamanlar arası dışsallıkların, başka bir deyişle geçmişte ortaya çıkan etkilerin içselleştirilmemiş olmasının etkisine dikkat çekilmektedir. Buna bağlı olarak çalışmada çevre ile ilgili küresel eylemlerde zamanlar arası dışsallıkların dikkate alınması gereği ileri sürülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı tarihsel süreçte biriken küresel çevre maliyetlerinin içselleştirilmesi gereğini temellendirmektir. Bu amaçla post-pozitivist metodolojik bir yaklaşım çerçevesinde betimleyici ve yorumlayıcı bir yöntem izlenmiştir ve karbon emisyonlarına ilişkin tarihsel ve güncel veriler şekil yardımıyla sunulmuştur. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular ortaya çıkan iklim krizinin temelinde gelişmiş ülke emisyonlarının bulunduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak öncelikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerin iklim krizi nedeniyle kalkınmada fırsat eşitliğinin bozulmaması gereklidir. Çevresel sorunların finansmanında küresel finansman yöntemlerinin uygulanması uygundur ancak zamanlar arası dışsallıkların geçmişten gelen etkilerinin de içselleştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Zamanlar arası dışsallık olarak iki yüz yıllık bir döneme yayılabilecek bu olgunun ortaya çıkmasında gelişmiş ülkelerin sorumlulukları daha fazla üstlenme çabası göstermeleri insani değerler açısından gereklidir.

Supporting Institution

Yok

Project Number

Yok

References

  • Atkinson, A. B. (2004). Innovative sources to meet a global challenge. In A. B. Atkinson (ed.), New Sources of Development Finance, Oxford, 1-16.
  • Barbier, E. B. & Burgess, J. C. (2015). Sustainable development: an economic perspective. in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), Vol:23, 824-827.
  • Blewitt, J. (2015). Sustainability: A dialog of values. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2nd ed., 23, 794-800.
  • Bruckner, B., Hubacek, K., Shan, Y. et al. (2022). Impacts of poverty alleviation on national and global carbon emissions. Nature Sustainability, 5, 311–320.
  • Cui, L., Sun, Y., Song, M. & Zhu, L. (2020). Co-financing in the green climate fund: lessons from the global environment facility, Climate Policy, 20:1, 95-108.
  • D’Adamo, I., Gastaldi, M., Morone, P. (2022). Economic sustainable development goals: assessments and perspectives in Europe. Journal of Cleaner Production, Article 131730, 354, 1-8.
  • Della Porta, D. & Keating, M. (2008). (eds.), Approaches and methodologies in the social sciences: A pluralist perspective, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
  • Eichhorn, W., Spremann, K. (1982). Efficient pricing of natural resources and ıntertemporal externalities. In: Eichhorn, W., Henn, R., Neumann, K., Shephard, R.W. (eds) Economic Theory of Natural Resources. Physica, Heidelberg.
  • Euronews (2022). COP27'de iklim tazminatı adımı: AB, Kayıp ve Zarar fonu kurulmasını 'şartlı' kabul etti, https://tr.euronews.com/2022/11/18/cop27de-iklim-tazminati-adimi-ab-kayip-ve-zarar-fonu-kurulmasini-sartli-kabul-etti
  • European Commission, A european green deal, https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en
  • Galeotti, M., Lanza, A. (1999). Richer and cleaner? A study on carbon dioxide emissions in developing countries. Energy Policy, 27(10), 565-573.
  • Handl, G., (2012). Declaration of the united nations conference on the human environment (Stockholm Declaration), 1972 and the rio declaration on environment and development, 1992. United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law.
  • Hardin, G. (1968). The tragedy of the commons. Science, 162(3859), 1243–1248.
  • Hickel, J. (2021). Çoğu zarar azı karar: Dünyayı küçülme kurtaracak. çev. Deniz Keskin, İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • McKitrick, R. (2011). A simple state-contingent pricing rule for complex intertemporal externalities. Energy Economics, 33, 111–120.
  • Neuman, W. L. (2011). Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches, 7th ed., Boston, Pearson.
  • Pearce, D. (2002). An intellectual history of environmental economics, Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, 27, 57-81.
  • Sandmo, A. (2004). Environmental taxation and revenue for development. In A. B. Atkinson (ed.), New Sources of Development Finance, Oxford, 33-57.
  • Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/264699/worldwide-co2-emissions/
  • Stern, D. I. (2004). Economic growth and energy. Encyclopedia of Energy, 2 (00147), Elsevier, 35-51.
  • Thompson, J. (2001). Environmentalism: Philosophical aspects, in N. J. Smelser and P. B. Baltes (ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, (Oxford: Pergamon), 4679–4685.
  • UNFCCC (2022a), Timeline - 25 years of effort and achievement, https://unfccc.int/timeline/
  • UNFCCC (2022b), Parties & observers, https://unfccc.int/parties-observers
  • Wirl, F. (2014). Taxes versus permits as incentive for the intertemporal supply of a clean technology by a monopoly, Resource and Energy Economics, 36,248–269.

Sustainable Development and Internalization of Intertemporal Externalities in the Framework of Financing the Climate Crisis

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 107 - 121, 31.12.2022

Abstract

As the problems related to the global climate crisis have turned into a threat, the issue of sustainability has gained more importance in the political and academic circles in the world. Preventing global warming has necessitated global cooperation. In this regard, besides the formation of extensive literature, necessary concrete steps have been taken. It is generally accepted that the sustainable development efforts of developing countries need financial support. In this study, in order to explain the development differences between countries, attention is drawn to the effect of intertemporal externalities, in other words, the effects of not being internalized in the past. Accordingly, it is argued in the study that intertemporal externalities should be taken into account in global actions related to the environment. The purpose of this study is to ground the need to internalize the global environmental costs accumulated in the historical process. For this purpose, a descriptive and interpretive method has been followed within the framework of a post-positivist methodological approach, and historical and current data on carbon emissions are presented with the help of figures. The findings obtained in the study show that developed country emissions are at the root of the emerging climate crisis. As a result, first of all, it is necessary that developing countries' equality of opportunity in development should not be deteriorated due to the climate crisis. It is appropriate to apply global financing methods in financing environmental problems, but the effects of intertemporal externalities from the past should also be internalized. In the emergence of this phenomenon, which can be spread over two centuries as an intertemporal externality, it is necessary in terms of human values for developed countries to make more efforts to assume responsibilities.

Project Number

Yok

References

  • Atkinson, A. B. (2004). Innovative sources to meet a global challenge. In A. B. Atkinson (ed.), New Sources of Development Finance, Oxford, 1-16.
  • Barbier, E. B. & Burgess, J. C. (2015). Sustainable development: an economic perspective. in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), Vol:23, 824-827.
  • Blewitt, J. (2015). Sustainability: A dialog of values. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2nd ed., 23, 794-800.
  • Bruckner, B., Hubacek, K., Shan, Y. et al. (2022). Impacts of poverty alleviation on national and global carbon emissions. Nature Sustainability, 5, 311–320.
  • Cui, L., Sun, Y., Song, M. & Zhu, L. (2020). Co-financing in the green climate fund: lessons from the global environment facility, Climate Policy, 20:1, 95-108.
  • D’Adamo, I., Gastaldi, M., Morone, P. (2022). Economic sustainable development goals: assessments and perspectives in Europe. Journal of Cleaner Production, Article 131730, 354, 1-8.
  • Della Porta, D. & Keating, M. (2008). (eds.), Approaches and methodologies in the social sciences: A pluralist perspective, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
  • Eichhorn, W., Spremann, K. (1982). Efficient pricing of natural resources and ıntertemporal externalities. In: Eichhorn, W., Henn, R., Neumann, K., Shephard, R.W. (eds) Economic Theory of Natural Resources. Physica, Heidelberg.
  • Euronews (2022). COP27'de iklim tazminatı adımı: AB, Kayıp ve Zarar fonu kurulmasını 'şartlı' kabul etti, https://tr.euronews.com/2022/11/18/cop27de-iklim-tazminati-adimi-ab-kayip-ve-zarar-fonu-kurulmasini-sartli-kabul-etti
  • European Commission, A european green deal, https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en
  • Galeotti, M., Lanza, A. (1999). Richer and cleaner? A study on carbon dioxide emissions in developing countries. Energy Policy, 27(10), 565-573.
  • Handl, G., (2012). Declaration of the united nations conference on the human environment (Stockholm Declaration), 1972 and the rio declaration on environment and development, 1992. United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law.
  • Hardin, G. (1968). The tragedy of the commons. Science, 162(3859), 1243–1248.
  • Hickel, J. (2021). Çoğu zarar azı karar: Dünyayı küçülme kurtaracak. çev. Deniz Keskin, İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
  • McKitrick, R. (2011). A simple state-contingent pricing rule for complex intertemporal externalities. Energy Economics, 33, 111–120.
  • Neuman, W. L. (2011). Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches, 7th ed., Boston, Pearson.
  • Pearce, D. (2002). An intellectual history of environmental economics, Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, 27, 57-81.
  • Sandmo, A. (2004). Environmental taxation and revenue for development. In A. B. Atkinson (ed.), New Sources of Development Finance, Oxford, 33-57.
  • Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/264699/worldwide-co2-emissions/
  • Stern, D. I. (2004). Economic growth and energy. Encyclopedia of Energy, 2 (00147), Elsevier, 35-51.
  • Thompson, J. (2001). Environmentalism: Philosophical aspects, in N. J. Smelser and P. B. Baltes (ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, (Oxford: Pergamon), 4679–4685.
  • UNFCCC (2022a), Timeline - 25 years of effort and achievement, https://unfccc.int/timeline/
  • UNFCCC (2022b), Parties & observers, https://unfccc.int/parties-observers
  • Wirl, F. (2014). Taxes versus permits as incentive for the intertemporal supply of a clean technology by a monopoly, Resource and Energy Economics, 36,248–269.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Harun Kılıçaslan 0000-0002-2204-7323

Malam Soares Cassamá This is me 0000-0002-1797-7681

Project Number Yok
Publication Date December 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kılıçaslan, H., & Cassamá, M. S. (2022). İklim Kriziyle Mücadelenin Finansmanı Çerçevesinde Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma ve Zamanlar Arası Dışsallıkların İçselleştirilmesi. Maliye Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(2), 107-121.

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