Perinatal Hydronephrosis: Etiology and Effect to Renal Functions

Abstract

Objective: Hydronephrosis, which is characterized with the dilatation of renal pelvis and/or calix is the most frequent antenatal renal anomaly. It was evaluated causes of perinatal hydronephrosis and effect to the renal functions in our study. Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 65 patients with perinatal hydronephrosis diagnosed and followed in the department of pediatric nephrology. All patients were followed with ultrasonography (USG) after evaluated for the clinic and physic findings. Patients were assessed with voidingsistouretrography (VCUG) in terms of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Results: 46 of cases were males (%70,8) and 19 (%29,2) were females. 44 of patients had (%67,7) unilateral hydronephrosis and 21 of patients (%32,3) had bilateral hydronephrosis. It was assessed as physiological hydronephrosis the cases which hydronephrosis regressed in terms of USG in the monitoring and VUR was not detected in the VCUG. There were 27 (%41) patients in physiological hydronephrosis group. The rest of 38 patients (%59) were assessed as pathological hydronephrosis. In terms of renal functions, the rate of urine protein / urine creatine was higher in cases with pathological hydronephrosis according to the cases with physiological hydronephrosis. Conclusion: In the study, we come to conclusion that it is needed to define cases that are not constituted the problem in terms of diagnosis, monitoring and treatment for antenatal hydronephrosis and it is needed to abstain from unnecessary invasive procedure but on the other hand, it is should not be late for diagnosis of obstructive uropathy which could be caused the renal scar and it is needed dynamic approach to these cases.

Keywords

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Perinatal Hidronefroz: Etiyoloji ve Böbrek Fonksiyonlarına Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Hidronefroz renal pelvis ve/veya kalikslerin dilatasyonu ile karakterize, en sık gözlenen antenatal renal anomalidir. Çalışmamızda perinatal hidronefroza yol açan nedenler ve böbrek fonksiyonlarına etkisi değerlendirildi. Gereç ve Yöntem: Pediatrik Nefroloji polikliniği tarafından perinatal hidronefroz tanısı ile izlenmekte olan 65 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Olgular klinik, fizik muayene bulguları yönünden değerlendirildikten sonra ultarasonografi (USG) ile takibe alındı. Hastalar vezikoüreteral reflü (VUR) yönünden voidingsistoüretrografi (VCUG) ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Olguların 46'sı erkek (%70,8), 19'u kızdı (%29,2). Hastaların 44'ünde (%67,7) unilateral hidronefroz, 21'inde (%32,3) bilateral hidronefroz vardı. İzlemlerinde USG'da hidronefrozu gerileyen, VCUG'de VUR saptanmayan olgular fizyolojik hidronefroz olarak değerlendirildi. Fizyolojik hidronefroz grubunda 27 hasta (%41) vardı. Geriye kalan 38 (%59) hasta patolojik hidronefroz olarak değerlendirildi. Böbrek fonksiyon parametrelerinden idrar protein/idrar kreatinin oranı patolojik hidronefroz olgularında fizyolojik hidronefroz olgularına göre daha yüksekti. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak çalışmamızda antenatal hidronefrozda tanı, takip ve tedavideki sorunsuz seyredilebilecek olguları tespit edip ve gereksiz invazif işlemlerden kaçınmak gerektiği, ancak diğer taraftan renal skara neden olabilen obstrüktif üropatilerin tanısı için geç kalmadan bu olgulara dinamik bir yaklaşım gerektiği kanaatine varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Perinatal hidronefroz, Etiyoloji, Böbrek fonksiyonları

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17. Gönderilme Tarihi: 21.05.2012