The Investigation of the Course of Trigeminal Nerve in the Cranial Base and Histological Analysis

Abstract

Objectives: The root of trigeminal nerve (Cr5) and its trigeminal ganglion (TG) are located in the middle cranial fossa which has important anatomical relations. We thought that anatomical and histological studies of Cr5 and TG would increase surgical success carried out in this region. In this study, we aimed to investigate the morphological features and variations of Cr5 and the associated structures. Material and Methods: A total of 40 intracranial portions of Cr5 's obtained from 20 forensic autopsy cadavers were studied and tissue samples were taken. The intracranial course of Cr5 was examined carefully, and possible types of variations were investigated. Then, tissue samples taken were stained with Hematoxylin&Eosin and Mallory's anilin blue collagen staining histologically. Results: Mean length of Cr5's was found as 25.32±2.90 mm and TG's width as 13.5±1.2 mm. In four cases, motor root was located inferomedially to the sensorial root. Cr5's were located near to vascular structures particularly. Total number of bundles was found as 71.75±8.20. Diameters of the fibers of the big fascicule and the small fascicule were found as 9.11±0.98 µm and 3.17±0.26 µm respectively. Satellite cells were observed more in TG. Collagen/neuron ratios was calculated as 2/5 and 1/6 in TG and Cr5 respectively. Conclusion: This study might contribute to enlighten the demography of Cr5 in our country, clinical sciences, surgical success and some related disorders. In addition, variable collagen/neuron ratios found in TG and Cr5 (as can vary in diabetes and multiple sclerosis) also further suggest that more investigation is needed.©2008, Firat University, Medical Faculty.

Keywords

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Nervus Trigeminus'un Basis Cranii İçinde Seyrinin İncelenmesi ve Histolojik Analizi

Öz

Amaç: Nervus trigeminus'un (Cr5) kök kısmı ve ggl. trigeminale (TG), önemli komşuluklara sahip fossa cranii media'da bulunur. Cr5 ve TG ile ilgili yapılan anatomik ve histolojik çalışmaların bu bölgenin cerrahisinde de başarıyı artıracağını düşünmekteyiz. Bu çalışmada, Cr5 ve komşu yapıların morfolojik özellikleri ile varyasyonlarının araştırılması amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda; 20 adet adli otopsi kadavralarından elde edilen toplam 40 adet Cr5'in intrakraniyal parçası incelendi ve doku örnekleri alındı. Cr5'in intrakraniyal seyri takip edildi ve olabilecek varyasyonlar incelendi. Daha sonra alınan doku örnekleri Hematoksilen-Eozin ve Mallory'nin Anilin Mavisi Kollajen Boyası ile boyanarak histolojik incelenmesi yapıldı. Bulgular: Cr5'in uzunluğu 25.32±2.90 mm, TG'nin genişliği 13.5±1.2 mm olarak bulundu. Dört olguda radix motoria; radix sensoria'nın medial-alt kısmında diğerlerinde ise medialinde yer alıyordu. Cr5 özellikle vasküler yapılar ile çok yakın seyirliydi. Cr5'in toplam fasikül sayısı 71.75±8.20 olarak bulundu. Büyük çaplı fasiküllerin lif çapları 9.11±0.98 µm, küçük çaplı fasiküllerin lif çapları ise 3.17±0.26 µm olarak belirlendi. TG'de satellit hücrelerin çokluğu gözlendi. Nöron kollojen oranları TG'de (2/5) ve Cr5'te ise (1/6) olarak hesaplandı. Sonuç: Çalışmamız ülkemizdeki Cr5 demografisine, klinik bilimlere, cerrahi başarıya ve oluşabilecek çeşitli hastalıkların aydınlatılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır. Ayrıca çalışmamızda nöron/kollojen oranlarının TG ve Cr5'de farklı olması (diyabet ve multiple skleroziste değiştiği gibi), bu konuda daha ileri araştırmaların gerekli olduğunu düşündürmektedir.©2008, Fırat Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nervus trigeminus, ganglion trigeminale, anatomi, histoloji

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29. Kabul Tarihi:17.10.2008