Abstract
Bu çalışmada Ege Bölgesi çilek üretiminin % 68’ini karşılayan Aydın ili’nde çilek fidelerinde fungal hastalık etmenlerinin varlığı ve bulunma oranı araştırılmıştır. 2009-2010 ve 2010-2011 üretim sezonunda Sultanhisar ve Köşk ilçelerinden dikim öncesi toplam 2248 adet çilek fidesi (Camarosa, Sweetcharlie, Rubygem ve Festival çeşitleri) alınmış, kök ve taçlarından izolasyonlar yapılmış ve toplam 1014 fungal izolat elde edilmiştir. Stolonlarda yapılan patojenisite çalışmaları sonucunda 291 adet Fusarium spp., 153 Rhizoctonia spp., 4 Macrophomina sp., 13 Cylindrocarpon sp. izolatının patojen olduğu saptanmıştır. 2009-2010 ve 2010-2011 üretim sezonlarında, ticari frigo fidelerde patojen Rhizoctonia spp. sırasıyla % 2.7 ve % 3.4, üretici tarafından stolonlardan elde edilmiş fidelerde (kol fidesi) % 12.4 ve % 7.7, Fusarium spp. ise frigo fidelerde sırasıyla % 6.1 ve % 5.2, kol fidelerde % 18.8 ve % 21.9 oranlarında bulunmuştur. 2010-2011 çilek üretim sezonunda yeşil fidelerde Rhizoctonia spp. % 3.5, Fusarium spp. % 5.6 oranında saptanmıştır. Her iki üretim sezonunda adı geçen patojenlerin taç ve köklerde bulunma oranları da incelenmiş Fusarium spp. taçta sırasıyla % 2.1 ve % 1.1, köklerde % 11.6 ve % 4.8, Rhizoctonia spp. ise taçda % 0.48 ve % 0.1, köklerde % 8.96 ve % 2.6 oranlarında belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada çilek fidelerinde ayrıca çok düşük oranda olmakla birlikte Macrophomina phaseolina ve Cylindrocarpon spp.’nin varlığı saptanmıştır.
References
- Abad, Z. G., Louws, F. J., Fernandez, G. E. and Ferguson, L M.2002. Predominance and pathogenicity of fungi and stramenopiles associated with Black Root Rot (BRR) of strawberries. Phytopathology 92:S1 Benlioğlu, S., Yıldız, A. and Döken, T. 2004. Studies to determine the causal agents of soil-borne fungal diseases of strawberries in Aydın and control them by soil disinfestation. Journal Phytopathology 152: 509-513 Benlioğlu, S., Yıldız, A., Boz, Ö. and Benlioğlu, K. 2014. Soil disinfestation options in Aydın province, Turkey, strawberry cultivation. Phytoparasitica 42: 397-403 Bora, T. ve Karaca, İ. 1970. Kültür Bitkilerinde Hastalığın ve Zararın Ölçülmesi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yardımcı Ders Kitabı: 43, Bornova Duncan, J. M. 2002. Prospects for integrated control of Phytophthora diseases of strawberry. Acta Horticultura 567: 603-610 Durak Demirer, E. ve Demirci, E. 2014. Erzurum ilinde çilek bitkilerinden izole edilen Fusarium türlerinin patojeniteleri. Bitki Koruma Bülteni 54 :247-253 Fang, X. L., Phillips, D., Li, H., Sivasithamparam, K. and Barbetti, M. J. 2011a. Severity of crown and root diseases of strawberry and associated fungal oomycete pathogens in Western Australia. Australasian Plant Pathology 40:109-119 Fang, X. L., Phillips, D., Li, H., Sivasithamparam, K. and Barbetti, M. J. 2011b. Comparisons of virulence of pathogens associated with crown and root diseases of strawberry in Western Australia with special reference to the effect of temperature. Scientia Horticulturae 131:39-48 Fao, 2015. Statistics division. http://faostat3.fao.org/download/Q/QC/E (Erişim tarihi: 17.02.2015) Golzar, H., Phillips, D. and Mack, S. 2007. Occurrence of strawberry root and crown rot in Western Australia. Australian Plant Disease Notes 2:145-147 Kapkın, A. 1978. İzmir ili çileklerinde tarla döneminde ve hasat sonrasında görülen fungal etmenlerin saptanması ve bunların patojenisiteleri üzerinde araştırmalar. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü, Uzmanlık Tezi, İzmir Koike, S. T., Kirkpatrick, S. C. and Gordon, T. R. 2009. Fusarium wilt of strawberry caused by Fusarium oxysporum in California. The American Phytopathological Society 93(10):1077 Leslie, J. F. and Summerell, B. A. 2006. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual, Blackwell Publishing Manici, L. M., Caputo, F. and Baruzzi, G. 2005. Additional experiences to elucidate the microbial component of soil suppressiveness towards strawberry black root rot complex. Annual of Applied Biology 146: 421-431 Martin, F. N. 1999. Strawberry root rot and the recovery of Pythium and Rhizoctonia spp. Alternatives and Emissions Reduction 6: 1-3 Mertely, J., Seijo, T. and Peres, N. 2005. First report of Macrophomina phaseolina causing a crown rot of strawberry in Florida. Plant Disease 89: 434 Morocco, I. 2006. Characterization of the Strawberry Pathogen Gnomonia fragariae and Biocontrol Possibilities. PhD Dissertation, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Pala, H. 1987. Çileklerde kök çürüklüğü etmeni ve antagonistlerin saptanması, hastalık çıkışı üzerine toprak solarizasyonunun etkisinin araştırılması. Doktora tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana Tuik , 2015. Bitkisel üretim istatistikleri. http://tuikapp.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel.zul (Erişim Tarihi: 18.02.2015) Urena-Padilla, A. R., Mitchell, D. J. and Legard, D. E. 2001. Over-summer survival of inoculum for Colletotrichum crown rot in buried strawberry crown tissue. Plant Disease 85: 750-754 Yildiz, A and Benlioğlu, S. 2014. A laboratory bioassay for evaluating pathogenicity of Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani isolates to strawberry stolons. Phytoparasitica 42: 367-369 Zhao, X.H., Zhen, W.C., Qi, Y.Z., Liu, X.I. and Yin, B.Z. 2009. Coordinated effects of root autotoxic substances and Fusarium oxysporium Schl.f.sp. fragariae on the growth and replant disease of strawberry. Front. Agric. China, 3: 34–39.
Abstract
In this
study, the presence and incidence of fungal pathogens were investigated in
strawberry seedlings in AydınProvince producing 68% of
the total strawberry production of Aegean region. Isolations were made from the
crown and root, and a total of 2248 strawberry seedlings (cvs. Camarosa, Sweetcharlie, Rubygem and Festival) were collected from strawberry
growing areas of Sultanhisar and Köşk during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 cropping
season before planting. In total, 1014 fungal isolates were obtained from crown
and roots. Pathogenicity tests performed on stolons indicated that 291 Fusarium spp., 153 Rhizoctonia spp., 4 Macrophomina sp., and 13 Cylindrocarpon sp. isolates were pathogenic. In 2009-2010
and 2010-2011 cropping seasons, the incidence of Rhizoctonia
spp. was 2.7 and 3.4 % in commercial frigo seedlings and 12.4 and 7.7 % in
runner-transplants produced by the farmers, while that of Fusarium spp. was 6.1 and 5.2 % in frigo
seedlings, 18.8 and 21.9 % in runner-transplants, respectively. The incidence of
Rhizoctonia spp was found to be 3.5 % and Fusarium spp was 5.6 % in
fresh seedlings in 2010-2011 cropping season. The occurrence of Fusarium spp were 2.1 and 1.1% in
crowns, and 11.6 and 4.8 % in roots while Rhizoctonia
spp. were 0.48 and 0.1 % in crowns, and 8.96 and 2.6 in roots in both cropping
seasons, respectively.The presence of Macrophomina phaseolina
and Cylindrocarpon spp. was also
determined in rather low frequencies in strawberry seedlings.
Keywords
Strawberry seedling Fusarium spp Rhizoctonia spp Macrophomina phaseolina Cylindrocarpon spp
References
- Abad, Z. G., Louws, F. J., Fernandez, G. E. and Ferguson, L M.2002. Predominance and pathogenicity of fungi and stramenopiles associated with Black Root Rot (BRR) of strawberries. Phytopathology 92:S1 Benlioğlu, S., Yıldız, A. and Döken, T. 2004. Studies to determine the causal agents of soil-borne fungal diseases of strawberries in Aydın and control them by soil disinfestation. Journal Phytopathology 152: 509-513 Benlioğlu, S., Yıldız, A., Boz, Ö. and Benlioğlu, K. 2014. Soil disinfestation options in Aydın province, Turkey, strawberry cultivation. Phytoparasitica 42: 397-403 Bora, T. ve Karaca, İ. 1970. Kültür Bitkilerinde Hastalığın ve Zararın Ölçülmesi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yardımcı Ders Kitabı: 43, Bornova Duncan, J. M. 2002. Prospects for integrated control of Phytophthora diseases of strawberry. Acta Horticultura 567: 603-610 Durak Demirer, E. ve Demirci, E. 2014. Erzurum ilinde çilek bitkilerinden izole edilen Fusarium türlerinin patojeniteleri. Bitki Koruma Bülteni 54 :247-253 Fang, X. L., Phillips, D., Li, H., Sivasithamparam, K. and Barbetti, M. J. 2011a. Severity of crown and root diseases of strawberry and associated fungal oomycete pathogens in Western Australia. Australasian Plant Pathology 40:109-119 Fang, X. L., Phillips, D., Li, H., Sivasithamparam, K. and Barbetti, M. J. 2011b. Comparisons of virulence of pathogens associated with crown and root diseases of strawberry in Western Australia with special reference to the effect of temperature. Scientia Horticulturae 131:39-48 Fao, 2015. Statistics division. http://faostat3.fao.org/download/Q/QC/E (Erişim tarihi: 17.02.2015) Golzar, H., Phillips, D. and Mack, S. 2007. Occurrence of strawberry root and crown rot in Western Australia. Australian Plant Disease Notes 2:145-147 Kapkın, A. 1978. İzmir ili çileklerinde tarla döneminde ve hasat sonrasında görülen fungal etmenlerin saptanması ve bunların patojenisiteleri üzerinde araştırmalar. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü, Uzmanlık Tezi, İzmir Koike, S. T., Kirkpatrick, S. C. and Gordon, T. R. 2009. Fusarium wilt of strawberry caused by Fusarium oxysporum in California. The American Phytopathological Society 93(10):1077 Leslie, J. F. and Summerell, B. A. 2006. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual, Blackwell Publishing Manici, L. M., Caputo, F. and Baruzzi, G. 2005. Additional experiences to elucidate the microbial component of soil suppressiveness towards strawberry black root rot complex. Annual of Applied Biology 146: 421-431 Martin, F. N. 1999. Strawberry root rot and the recovery of Pythium and Rhizoctonia spp. Alternatives and Emissions Reduction 6: 1-3 Mertely, J., Seijo, T. and Peres, N. 2005. First report of Macrophomina phaseolina causing a crown rot of strawberry in Florida. Plant Disease 89: 434 Morocco, I. 2006. Characterization of the Strawberry Pathogen Gnomonia fragariae and Biocontrol Possibilities. PhD Dissertation, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Pala, H. 1987. Çileklerde kök çürüklüğü etmeni ve antagonistlerin saptanması, hastalık çıkışı üzerine toprak solarizasyonunun etkisinin araştırılması. Doktora tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana Tuik , 2015. Bitkisel üretim istatistikleri. http://tuikapp.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel.zul (Erişim Tarihi: 18.02.2015) Urena-Padilla, A. R., Mitchell, D. J. and Legard, D. E. 2001. Over-summer survival of inoculum for Colletotrichum crown rot in buried strawberry crown tissue. Plant Disease 85: 750-754 Yildiz, A and Benlioğlu, S. 2014. A laboratory bioassay for evaluating pathogenicity of Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani isolates to strawberry stolons. Phytoparasitica 42: 367-369 Zhao, X.H., Zhen, W.C., Qi, Y.Z., Liu, X.I. and Yin, B.Z. 2009. Coordinated effects of root autotoxic substances and Fusarium oxysporium Schl.f.sp. fragariae on the growth and replant disease of strawberry. Front. Agric. China, 3: 34–39.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 30, 2016 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2015 Volume: 44 Issue: 1-2-3 |
