TÜRKIYE'nin Değişik Yörelerinden Alınan Patates ve Domates Bitkilerinde Görülen Stolbur Phytoplasma Enfeksiyonları

Year 2010, Volume: 39 Issue: 1-2-3, 1 - 8, 01.06.2010

Behçet Kemal Çağlar Toufic Elbeaıno Mustafa Küsek Deniz Pehlivan Hakan Fidan Mustafa Portakaldalı

Abstract

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Stolbur Phytoplasma Infections in Potato and Tomato Plants from Different Locations in Turkey

Abstract

During August 2012, a survey and identification of phytoplasmas associated with diseased potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersycum L.) plants were conducted in four regions, in Turkey. Potato samples with reddish or purplish discoloration and rolling of leaves symptoms were gathered from “Kayseri and Sivas” provinces, whilst tomato samples were collected form plants exhibiting floral abnormalities, sepal hypertrophy, virescence and phyllody symptoms, from Kahramanmaraş and Adana provinces. All symptomatic plants of both species reacted positively when assayed by direct polymerase chain reactions (PCR) using universal primer pair R16F1/R16R0 and nested PCR using R16F2n/R16R2 primers. Phytoplasmas were detected in 32 symptomatic plants, out of 40 samples collected. However, no PCR amplicon products were obtained from the asymptomatic ones (8 plants). BLAST sequence analysis of the 16SrDNA amplicons (1250 bp) showed that the phytoplasma found in potato and tomato samples resembled “Candidatus phytoplama solani” (16SrXII-A ribosomal subgroup member) and shared with this last 99.8% sequence identity. Similar PCR and sequence results were obtained from Cicadula inornata (Cicadellidae), insects collected from affected tomato plants in surveyed fields, when were assayed by PCR and 16SrDNA-sequenced. The RFLP profile of the 1250 bp PCR fragments, restricted with 7 different endonucleases (EcoRI, TaqI, HhaI, AluI, MseI, RsaI and HpaII) usually used for phytoplasma subgroups differentiation, showed identical patterns to “Candidatus phytoplasma solani”. RFLP results were in harmony with the phylogenetic tree constructed with the sequences obtained, which grouped in one cluster all stolbur phytoplasma from Turkey and those of 16SrXII-A ribosomal subgroup members. To our knowledge, all phytoplasma diseases were detected from potatoes and tomatoes in Kayseri, Sivas, Adana and Kahramanmaraş provinces are same phytoplasma. Further investigations are needed to determine whether Cicadula inornata insect, trapped from affected plants is a potential vector responsible for the transmission of this phytoplasma in that area, where tomatoes are grown in Turkey

Keywords

16S rRNA, PCR, RFLP, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis