Potential raw material source from past to present: Lichens

Abstract

Lichens are preferred as a potential raw material source in various sectors due to their biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, insecticidal, anticancer, and colorant potentials thanks to more than 1000 metabolites they contain. In addition to being used ethnopharmacologically for hundreds of years in the treatment of many diseases, the pharmaceutical potential of lichens is still being investigated today. Due to their aromatic structure and nutritional properties, lichens have been consumed as spices, bread-pastry and tea in the food sector for many years. Lichens are preferred in many sectors, especially in the textile sector, due to their dyestuff content, which is one of the most important economic uses of lichens. They are also known to have insecticidal and antifungal activity against phytopathogens in the agricultural field. Although only some of the activities of lichens and the metabolites they contain are known, all their properties are still not completely described. In this context, with the future discovery of the bioactivities of lichens and their active ingredients, they are expected to be used as potential raw materials in many sectors.

Keywords

• Dye
• food
• insecticidal
• lichen pharmaceuticals

Geçmişten günümüze potansiyel hammadde kaynağı: Likenler

Abstract

Likenler içerdikleri 1000’den fazla metabolit sayesinde antioksidan, antimikrobiyal, antifungal, insektisidal, antikanser ve boyar madde potansiyelleri gibi biyolojik etkinliklerinden dolayı çeşitli sektörlerde bir hammadde kaynağı olarak tercih edilmektedir. Yüzlerce yıldır etnofarmakolojik olarak birçok hastalığın tedavisinde halk arasında kullanılmasının yanı sıra günümüzde hala likenlerin ilaç potansiyelleri araştırılmaya devam edilmektedir. Likenlerin kendilerine has aromatik yapısı ve besleyici özellikleri nedeniyle baharat, ekmek-pasta ve çay olarak tüketimleri gıda sektöründe uzun yıllardır devam etmektedir. Ekonomik anlamda en önemli kullanım alanlarından biri olan boyar madde içerikleri nedeniyle likenler başta tekstil sektörü olmak üzere birçok sektörde tercih edilmektedir. Ayrıca tarımsal alanda ise fitopatojenlere karşı insektisidal ve antifungal etkinliğe sahip oldukları bilinmektedir. Likenlerin ve içerdikleri metabolitlerin yalnızca bir kısmının etkinlikleri biliniyor olsa da, tüm özellikleri hala tam olarak aydınlatılmamıştır. Bu bağlamda, liken ve etken maddelerinin biyoaktivitelerinin gelecekte açığa çıkartılmasıyla birlikte, birçok sektörde potansiyel hammadde olarak kullanılması öngörülmektedir.

Keywords

• Boya
• gıda
• insektisidal
• liken farmasötikleri

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