HAYVANSAL İÇ YAĞLARDAN TRANSESTERİFİKASYON REAKSİYONU İLE BİYODİZEL ÜRETİLMESİ

Year 2008, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 116 - 120, 31.07.2008

Şehmus Altun , Cengiz Öner

Abstract

Hayvansal
yağlar normal çevre sıcaklığında katı ve çok viskozdurlar. Yüksek viskozitelerinden
dolayı dizel motorlarında kullanılmadan önce modifiye edilmeleri gerekmektedir.
Hayvansal yağların dizel motorlarında kullanılabilirliliğini iyileştirmek için emülsiyon
ve transesterifikasyon etkili iki yöntemdir. Bu çalışmada hayvansal iç
yağlardan baz katalizörlü transesterifikasyon ile %99.7 saflıkta metil alkol ve
katalizör olarak %98 saflıkta NaOH kullanılarak hayvansal iç yağı metil esteri
(biyodizel) üretilmiştir. Hayvansal iç yağı, metil ester şekline dönüştükten
sonra viskozitesi önemli ölçüde azalmış ve oda sıcaklığında sıvı fazında bir
yakıt elde edilmiştir. Biyodizelin belirlenen yakıt özellikleri ASTM
standartlarında olup, viskozitesi ve yoğunluğu dizel yakıtına yakın, ısıl
değeri ise %8 daha düşük çıkmıştır.

Keywords

Hayvansal Yağlar, Alternatif Yakıt, Biyodizel, Dizel Yakıtı

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