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Determination of thermophysical properties of Ficus elastica leaves reinforced epoxy composite

Year 2023, , 12 - 22, 13.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.5505/fujece.2023.21931

Abstract

In this study, Ficus elastica leaves have been reinforced into an epoxy composite and some physical and chemical characterization of the obtained composite is made. Ficus elastica leaves are ground between 297 and 149 microns. The biomass (Ficus elastica) prepared as a filler material is kept in sodium hydroxide (% 7 NaOH) solution for 24 hours for alkali activation. It is then washed three times with distilled water and dried in an oven at 75 °C for 3 hours. Composite production is carried out by reinforcing the prepared filler to the epoxy resin in certain proportions by mass. The effect of the biomass filler added at the rate of 0 wt.%, 1 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 7 wt.% on the density, Shore D hardness, thermal conductivity coefficient, and activation energy of the epoxy composite is determined. According to the results obtained, the density of the epoxy composite decreases as the filler ratio in the mixture increases. Shore D hardness of epoxy composite decreases with the addition of biomass filler. The epoxy composite produced with biomass reinforcement reduces both the thermal conductivity coefficient and the activation energy. Besides, when the chemical bond structure of the obtained polyester composite is analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), it is seen that there is a physical interaction. According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, 5 wt.% and 7 wt.% reinforcement of Ficus elastica leaves negatively affects the surface morphology of the epoxy composite.

References

  • [1] Dağ M, Yanen C, Aydoğmuş E. “Effect of Boron Factory Components on Thermophysical Properties of Epoxy Composite”. European Journal of Science and Technology, 36, 151–154, 2022.
  • [2] Yılmaz E, Aydoğmuş E, Demir A. “Life Cycle Assessment and Characterization of Tincal Ore Reinforced Polyester and Vinylester Composites”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section B: Chemical Engineering, 5(2), 183-194, 2022
  • [3] Yanen C, Dağ M, Aydoğmuş E. “Investigation of Thermophysical Properties of Colemanite, Ulexite, and Tincal Reinforced Polyester Composites”. European Journal of Science and Technology, 36, 155–159, 2022.
  • [4] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG. “Production and Characterization of The Composite from Unsaturated Polyester Resin with Tincal Ore”. 4th International Conference on Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials, Elazığ, 2021.
  • [5] Yılmaz E, Aydoğmuş E. “Production of Tincal Ore Reinforced Polyester Composite and Determination of Some Thermophysical Properties”. 5th International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Smart Technologies, Türkiye, 2022.
  • [6] Yılmaz E, Aydoğmuş E, Demir A. “Production of Tincal Ore Reinforced Vinylester Composite and Investigation of Its Thermophysical Properties”. Karadeniz 9th International Conference on Applied Sciences, Artvin, 2022.
  • [7] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG. “Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of the Colemanite Filled Polyester Composite”. 3rd International Conference on Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials, Malatya, 2020.
  • [8] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG. “Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of the Ulexite-Filled Polyester Composite”. 3rd International Conference on Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials, Malatya, 2020.
  • [9] Orhan R, Aydoğmuş E, Topuz S, Arslanoğlu H. “Investigation of thermo-mechanical characteristics of borax reinforced polyester composites”. Journal of Building Engineering, 42, 103051, 2021.
  • [10] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG. “Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of the Waste Clay Filled Polyester Composite”. 3rd International Conference on Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials, Malatya, 2020.
  • [11] Dağ M, Yalçın ZG, Aydoğmuş E. “Production of Diatomite Reinforced Polyester Composite and Investigation of Its Thermophysical Properties”. 1ˢᵗ International Karatekin Science and Technology Conference, Çankırı, 2022.
  • [12] Dağ M, Aydoğmuş E, Yalçın ZG. “Obtaining Diatomite Reinforced Epoxy Composite and Determination of Its Thermophysical Properties”. 1ˢᵗ International Karatekin Science and Technology Conference, Çankırı, 2022.
  • [13] Erzen B, Aydoğmuş E. “Pumice Stone Reinforced Polyester Composite Production and Characterization”. International Pumice and Perlite Symposium, Bitlis, 2021.
  • [14] Arslanoğlu H, Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M. “Obtaining and Characterization of Perlite Reinforced Epoxy Composites”. International Pumice and Perlite Symposium, Bitlis, 2021.
  • [15] Aydoğmuş E, Aydın M, Arslanoğlu H. “Production and characterization of microsphere reinforced polyester composite: Modeling of thermal decomposition with ANN and optimization studies by RSM”. Petroleum Science and Technology, 1-17, 2022.
  • [16] Şahal H, Aydoğmuş E. “Investigation of Thermophysical Properties of Polyester Composites Produced with Synthesized MSG and Nano-Alumina”. European Journal of Science and Technology, 34, 95-99, 2022.
  • [17] Şahal H, Aydoğmuş E, Arslanoğlu H. “Investigation of thermophysical properties of synthesized SA and nano-alumina reinforced polyester composites”. Petroleum Science and Technology, 1–17, 2022.
  • [18] Yanen C, Aydoğmuş E. “Characterization of Thermo-Physical Properties of Nanoparticle Reinforced the Polyester Nanocomposite”. Dicle University Journal of the Institute of Natural and Applied Science, 10(2), 121–132, 2021.
  • [19] Aydoğmuş E, Arslanoğlu H, Dağ M. “Production of waste polyethylene terephthalate reinforced biocomposite with RSM design and evaluation of thermophysical properties by ANN”. Journal of Building Engineering, 44, 103337, 2021.
  • [20] Aydoğmuş E, Demirel MH. “Waste Tire Rubber Reinforced Polyester Composite Production and Characterization”. 8th International Conference on Materials Science and Nanotechnology for Next Generation, Elazığ, 2021.
  • [21] Arslanoğlu H, Aydoğmuş E. “WPET Reinforced Polyester Composite Production and Thermal Characterization by RSM Design”. 8th International Conference on Materials Science and Nanotechnology for Next Generation, Elazığ, 2021.
  • [22] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG. “Obtaining of Some Industrial Factory Wastes Reinforced Polyester Composites”. 5th International Congress on Engineering and Technology Management, İstanbul, 2021.
  • [23] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG “Thermal and Mechanical Properties of The Polyester Composites Produced with Cable Factory Wastes”. 4th International Conference on Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials, Elazığ, 2021.
  • [24] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG, Arslanoğlu H. “Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene reinforced modified castor oil‐based polyester biocomposite”. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 139, e525256, 2022.
  • [25] Demirel MH, Aydoğmuş E. “Production and Characterization of Waste Mask Reinforced Polyester Composite”. Journal of Inonu University Health Services Vocational School, 10(1), 41-49, 2022.
  • [26] Demirel MH, Aydoğmuş E. “Waste Polyurethane Reinforced Polyester Composite, Production and Characterization”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry, 9(1), 443–452, 2022.
  • [27] Orhan R, Aydoğmuş E. “Production of Sunflower Stalk Reinforced Polyester Composite and Investigation of some Thermophysical Properties”. Al-Farabi 4th International Congress on Applied Sciences, Erzurum, 2022.
  • [28] Orhan R, Topuz S, Aydoğmuş E. “Experimental and Theoretical Study on Mechanical Properties of Apricot Stone Shell Reinforced Polyester Composites”. 3. Asia Pacific International Congress on Contemporary Studies, South Korea, 2020.
  • [29] Orhan R, Aydoğmuş E. “Production and Characterization of Waste Corncob Reinforced Polyester Composite”. European Journal of Science and Technology Special Issue, 42, 176-179, 2022.
  • [30] Buran A, Durğun ME, Aydoğmuş E. “Cornus alba Reinforced Polyester-Epoxy Hybrid Composite Production and Characterization”. European Journal of Science and Technology Special Issue, (43), 116-120, 2022.
  • [31] Orhan R, Aydoğmuş E. “Investigation of some thermophysical properties of Asphodelus aestivus reinforced polyester composite”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, 1(3), 103-109, 2022.
  • [32] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M. “Characterization of Thermophysical of Biomass Reinforced Polyester Composite”. 1st International Conference of Physics, Ankara, 2021.
  • [33] Ahmed F, Urooj A. “Traditional uses, medicinal properties, and phytopharmacology of Ficus racemosa: a review”. Pharmaceutical Biology, 48(6), 672-681, 2010.
  • [34] Augustus GDPS, Seiler, G.J. (2011). “Ficus elastica – The Indian rubber tree – An underutilized promising multi-use species”. Biomass and Bioenergy, 35 (7), 3247-3250.
  • [35] Chantarasuwan B, Tongsrikem S, Pinyo P, Kanithajata P, Kjellberg F. “A natural population of Ficus elastica Roxb.ex Hornem. in Thailand”. The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal, 10, 7–14, 2016.
  • [36] De-Amorin AH, Borba HR, Carauta LD, Kaplan MA. “Anthelmintic activity of the latex of Ficus carica”. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 64, 255–258, 1999.
  • [37] Galati EM, Monforte MT, Tripodo MM, D’aquino A, Mondello MR. “Antiulcer activity of Opuntia Ficus Indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae): ultrastructural study”. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 76, 1–9, 2001.
  • [38] Kiem PV, Minh CV, Nhiem NX, Tai BH, Quang TH, Anh HLT, Cuong NX, Hai TN, Kim SH, Kim JK, Jang HD, Kim YH. “Chemical constituents of the Ficus elastica leaves and their antioxidant activities”. The Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 33(10), 3461-3464, 2012.
  • [39] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG, Arslanoğlu H. “Synthesis and characterization of EPS reinforced modified castor oil-based epoxy biocomposite”. Journal of Building Engineering, 47, 103897, 2022.
  • [40] Şahal H, Aydoğmuş E. “Production and Characterization of Palm Oil Based Epoxy Biocomposite by RSM Design”. Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering, 8(4), 287-297, 2021.
  • [41] Aydoğmuş E, Şahal H. “Polyester and Epoxy Hybrid-Composite Production and Characterization”. 13th International Conference of Strategic Research on Scientific Studies and Education, Antalya, 2021.
  • [42] Aydoğmuş E, Arslanoğlu H. “Kinetics of thermal decomposition of the polyester nanocomposites”. Petroleum Science and Technology, 39(13–14), 484–500, 2021.
  • [43] Aydoğmuş E. “Biohybrid nanocomposite production and characterization by RSM investigation of thermal decomposition kinetics with ANN”. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 12, 4799-4816, 2022.

Kauçuk ağacı (Ficus elastica) yaprağı takviyeli epoksi kompozitin termofiziksel özelliklerinin belirlenmesi

Year 2023, , 12 - 22, 13.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.5505/fujece.2023.21931

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Ficus elastika yaprakları takviye edilerek epoksi kompozit üretilmekte ve elde edilen kompozitin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri karakterize edilmektedir. Ficus elastika yaprakları 297 ile 149 mikron arasında öğütülmektedir. Dolgu maddesi olarak hazırlanan biyokütle (Ficus elastika) alkali aktivasyonu için % 7'lik sodyum hidroksit (NaOH) çözeltisinde 24 saat bekletilmektedir. Daha sonra distile su ile 3 kez yıkanmakta ve 75 °C sıcaklıkta etüvde 3 saat kurutulmaktadır. Kompozit üretimi, hazırlanan dolgu maddesinin epoksi reçineye kütlece belirli oranlarda takviye edilmesiyle gerçekleştirilmektedir. Ağırlıkça % 0, % 1, % 3, % 5 ve % 7 oranlarında eklenen biyokütle dolgu maddesinin yoğunluk, Shore D sertlik, ısıl iletkenlik katsayısı ve aktivasyon enerjisi üzerine etkisi epoksi kompozitte belirlenmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre karışımdaki dolgu oranı arttıkça epoksi kompozitin yoğunluğu azalmaktadır. Epoksi kompozitin Shore D sertliği, biyokütle dolgu maddesi ilavesiyle azalmaktadır. Biyokütle takviyesi ile üretilen epoksi kompozitin hem ısıl iletkenlik katsayısını hem de aktivasyon enerjisini düşürmektedir. Ayrıca elde edilen polyester kompozitin kimyasal bağ yapısı Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektrometre (FTIR) ile incelendiğinde fiziksel bir etkileşimin gerçekleştiği görülmektedir. Taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) görüntülerine göre, Ficus elastika yapraklarının ağırlıkça % 5 ve % 7 takviyesi, epoksi kompozitin yüzey morfolojisini olumsuz etkilemektedir.

References

  • [1] Dağ M, Yanen C, Aydoğmuş E. “Effect of Boron Factory Components on Thermophysical Properties of Epoxy Composite”. European Journal of Science and Technology, 36, 151–154, 2022.
  • [2] Yılmaz E, Aydoğmuş E, Demir A. “Life Cycle Assessment and Characterization of Tincal Ore Reinforced Polyester and Vinylester Composites”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section B: Chemical Engineering, 5(2), 183-194, 2022
  • [3] Yanen C, Dağ M, Aydoğmuş E. “Investigation of Thermophysical Properties of Colemanite, Ulexite, and Tincal Reinforced Polyester Composites”. European Journal of Science and Technology, 36, 155–159, 2022.
  • [4] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG. “Production and Characterization of The Composite from Unsaturated Polyester Resin with Tincal Ore”. 4th International Conference on Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials, Elazığ, 2021.
  • [5] Yılmaz E, Aydoğmuş E. “Production of Tincal Ore Reinforced Polyester Composite and Determination of Some Thermophysical Properties”. 5th International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Smart Technologies, Türkiye, 2022.
  • [6] Yılmaz E, Aydoğmuş E, Demir A. “Production of Tincal Ore Reinforced Vinylester Composite and Investigation of Its Thermophysical Properties”. Karadeniz 9th International Conference on Applied Sciences, Artvin, 2022.
  • [7] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG. “Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of the Colemanite Filled Polyester Composite”. 3rd International Conference on Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials, Malatya, 2020.
  • [8] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG. “Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of the Ulexite-Filled Polyester Composite”. 3rd International Conference on Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials, Malatya, 2020.
  • [9] Orhan R, Aydoğmuş E, Topuz S, Arslanoğlu H. “Investigation of thermo-mechanical characteristics of borax reinforced polyester composites”. Journal of Building Engineering, 42, 103051, 2021.
  • [10] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG. “Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of the Waste Clay Filled Polyester Composite”. 3rd International Conference on Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials, Malatya, 2020.
  • [11] Dağ M, Yalçın ZG, Aydoğmuş E. “Production of Diatomite Reinforced Polyester Composite and Investigation of Its Thermophysical Properties”. 1ˢᵗ International Karatekin Science and Technology Conference, Çankırı, 2022.
  • [12] Dağ M, Aydoğmuş E, Yalçın ZG. “Obtaining Diatomite Reinforced Epoxy Composite and Determination of Its Thermophysical Properties”. 1ˢᵗ International Karatekin Science and Technology Conference, Çankırı, 2022.
  • [13] Erzen B, Aydoğmuş E. “Pumice Stone Reinforced Polyester Composite Production and Characterization”. International Pumice and Perlite Symposium, Bitlis, 2021.
  • [14] Arslanoğlu H, Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M. “Obtaining and Characterization of Perlite Reinforced Epoxy Composites”. International Pumice and Perlite Symposium, Bitlis, 2021.
  • [15] Aydoğmuş E, Aydın M, Arslanoğlu H. “Production and characterization of microsphere reinforced polyester composite: Modeling of thermal decomposition with ANN and optimization studies by RSM”. Petroleum Science and Technology, 1-17, 2022.
  • [16] Şahal H, Aydoğmuş E. “Investigation of Thermophysical Properties of Polyester Composites Produced with Synthesized MSG and Nano-Alumina”. European Journal of Science and Technology, 34, 95-99, 2022.
  • [17] Şahal H, Aydoğmuş E, Arslanoğlu H. “Investigation of thermophysical properties of synthesized SA and nano-alumina reinforced polyester composites”. Petroleum Science and Technology, 1–17, 2022.
  • [18] Yanen C, Aydoğmuş E. “Characterization of Thermo-Physical Properties of Nanoparticle Reinforced the Polyester Nanocomposite”. Dicle University Journal of the Institute of Natural and Applied Science, 10(2), 121–132, 2021.
  • [19] Aydoğmuş E, Arslanoğlu H, Dağ M. “Production of waste polyethylene terephthalate reinforced biocomposite with RSM design and evaluation of thermophysical properties by ANN”. Journal of Building Engineering, 44, 103337, 2021.
  • [20] Aydoğmuş E, Demirel MH. “Waste Tire Rubber Reinforced Polyester Composite Production and Characterization”. 8th International Conference on Materials Science and Nanotechnology for Next Generation, Elazığ, 2021.
  • [21] Arslanoğlu H, Aydoğmuş E. “WPET Reinforced Polyester Composite Production and Thermal Characterization by RSM Design”. 8th International Conference on Materials Science and Nanotechnology for Next Generation, Elazığ, 2021.
  • [22] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG. “Obtaining of Some Industrial Factory Wastes Reinforced Polyester Composites”. 5th International Congress on Engineering and Technology Management, İstanbul, 2021.
  • [23] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG “Thermal and Mechanical Properties of The Polyester Composites Produced with Cable Factory Wastes”. 4th International Conference on Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials, Elazığ, 2021.
  • [24] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG, Arslanoğlu H. “Synthesis and characterization of waste polyethylene reinforced modified castor oil‐based polyester biocomposite”. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 139, e525256, 2022.
  • [25] Demirel MH, Aydoğmuş E. “Production and Characterization of Waste Mask Reinforced Polyester Composite”. Journal of Inonu University Health Services Vocational School, 10(1), 41-49, 2022.
  • [26] Demirel MH, Aydoğmuş E. “Waste Polyurethane Reinforced Polyester Composite, Production and Characterization”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry, 9(1), 443–452, 2022.
  • [27] Orhan R, Aydoğmuş E. “Production of Sunflower Stalk Reinforced Polyester Composite and Investigation of some Thermophysical Properties”. Al-Farabi 4th International Congress on Applied Sciences, Erzurum, 2022.
  • [28] Orhan R, Topuz S, Aydoğmuş E. “Experimental and Theoretical Study on Mechanical Properties of Apricot Stone Shell Reinforced Polyester Composites”. 3. Asia Pacific International Congress on Contemporary Studies, South Korea, 2020.
  • [29] Orhan R, Aydoğmuş E. “Production and Characterization of Waste Corncob Reinforced Polyester Composite”. European Journal of Science and Technology Special Issue, 42, 176-179, 2022.
  • [30] Buran A, Durğun ME, Aydoğmuş E. “Cornus alba Reinforced Polyester-Epoxy Hybrid Composite Production and Characterization”. European Journal of Science and Technology Special Issue, (43), 116-120, 2022.
  • [31] Orhan R, Aydoğmuş E. “Investigation of some thermophysical properties of Asphodelus aestivus reinforced polyester composite”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, 1(3), 103-109, 2022.
  • [32] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M. “Characterization of Thermophysical of Biomass Reinforced Polyester Composite”. 1st International Conference of Physics, Ankara, 2021.
  • [33] Ahmed F, Urooj A. “Traditional uses, medicinal properties, and phytopharmacology of Ficus racemosa: a review”. Pharmaceutical Biology, 48(6), 672-681, 2010.
  • [34] Augustus GDPS, Seiler, G.J. (2011). “Ficus elastica – The Indian rubber tree – An underutilized promising multi-use species”. Biomass and Bioenergy, 35 (7), 3247-3250.
  • [35] Chantarasuwan B, Tongsrikem S, Pinyo P, Kanithajata P, Kjellberg F. “A natural population of Ficus elastica Roxb.ex Hornem. in Thailand”. The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal, 10, 7–14, 2016.
  • [36] De-Amorin AH, Borba HR, Carauta LD, Kaplan MA. “Anthelmintic activity of the latex of Ficus carica”. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 64, 255–258, 1999.
  • [37] Galati EM, Monforte MT, Tripodo MM, D’aquino A, Mondello MR. “Antiulcer activity of Opuntia Ficus Indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae): ultrastructural study”. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 76, 1–9, 2001.
  • [38] Kiem PV, Minh CV, Nhiem NX, Tai BH, Quang TH, Anh HLT, Cuong NX, Hai TN, Kim SH, Kim JK, Jang HD, Kim YH. “Chemical constituents of the Ficus elastica leaves and their antioxidant activities”. The Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 33(10), 3461-3464, 2012.
  • [39] Aydoğmuş E, Dağ M, Yalçın ZG, Arslanoğlu H. “Synthesis and characterization of EPS reinforced modified castor oil-based epoxy biocomposite”. Journal of Building Engineering, 47, 103897, 2022.
  • [40] Şahal H, Aydoğmuş E. “Production and Characterization of Palm Oil Based Epoxy Biocomposite by RSM Design”. Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering, 8(4), 287-297, 2021.
  • [41] Aydoğmuş E, Şahal H. “Polyester and Epoxy Hybrid-Composite Production and Characterization”. 13th International Conference of Strategic Research on Scientific Studies and Education, Antalya, 2021.
  • [42] Aydoğmuş E, Arslanoğlu H. “Kinetics of thermal decomposition of the polyester nanocomposites”. Petroleum Science and Technology, 39(13–14), 484–500, 2021.
  • [43] Aydoğmuş E. “Biohybrid nanocomposite production and characterization by RSM investigation of thermal decomposition kinetics with ANN”. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 12, 4799-4816, 2022.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Chemical Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Abayhan Buran 0000-0003-4204-8638

Murat Ersin Durğun This is me 0000-0003-2651-1063

Ercan Aydoğmuş This is me 0000-0002-1643-2487

Hasan Arslanoğlu This is me 0000-0002-3132-4468

Publication Date February 13, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Buran, A., Durğun, M. E., Aydoğmuş, E., Arslanoğlu, H. (2023). Determination of thermophysical properties of Ficus elastica leaves reinforced epoxy composite. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, 2(1), 12-22. https://doi.org/10.5505/fujece.2023.21931
AMA Buran A, Durğun ME, Aydoğmuş E, Arslanoğlu H. Determination of thermophysical properties of Ficus elastica leaves reinforced epoxy composite. FUJECE. February 2023;2(1):12-22. doi:10.5505/fujece.2023.21931
Chicago Buran, Abayhan, Murat Ersin Durğun, Ercan Aydoğmuş, and Hasan Arslanoğlu. “Determination of Thermophysical Properties of Ficus Elastica Leaves Reinforced Epoxy Composite”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 2, no. 1 (February 2023): 12-22. https://doi.org/10.5505/fujece.2023.21931.
EndNote Buran A, Durğun ME, Aydoğmuş E, Arslanoğlu H (February 1, 2023) Determination of thermophysical properties of Ficus elastica leaves reinforced epoxy composite. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 2 1 12–22.
IEEE A. Buran, M. E. Durğun, E. Aydoğmuş, and H. Arslanoğlu, “Determination of thermophysical properties of Ficus elastica leaves reinforced epoxy composite”, FUJECE, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 12–22, 2023, doi: 10.5505/fujece.2023.21931.
ISNAD Buran, Abayhan et al. “Determination of Thermophysical Properties of Ficus Elastica Leaves Reinforced Epoxy Composite”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering 2/1 (February 2023), 12-22. https://doi.org/10.5505/fujece.2023.21931.
JAMA Buran A, Durğun ME, Aydoğmuş E, Arslanoğlu H. Determination of thermophysical properties of Ficus elastica leaves reinforced epoxy composite. FUJECE. 2023;2:12–22.
MLA Buran, Abayhan et al. “Determination of Thermophysical Properties of Ficus Elastica Leaves Reinforced Epoxy Composite”. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, vol. 2, no. 1, 2023, pp. 12-22, doi:10.5505/fujece.2023.21931.
Vancouver Buran A, Durğun ME, Aydoğmuş E, Arslanoğlu H. Determination of thermophysical properties of Ficus elastica leaves reinforced epoxy composite. FUJECE. 2023;2(1):12-2.