Türkiye’de Mevsimlik Göçmen İşçilerin Yasal Statüleri ve Ekonomik Üyelikleri

Abstract

Uluslararası işçi göçü, uluslararası ve devlet düzeyinde en fazla tartışılan konulardan birisidir. Devlet politikaları genellikle devletlerin yasal yetki alanlarının bünyesindeki düzenli göçmen işçiler üzerinde yoğunlaşırlar; geçici ve karmaşık statülerinden dolayı tartışmaszı en çok ihmal edilmiş gruplardan biri olan mevsimlik göçmen işçiler çoğunlukla bu politikalar tarafından gözden kaçırılır. Bu yazı çalışmasında Kozmopolitan ahlaki yaklaşımını esas alır ve mevsimsel göçmen ilişkilerin evsahibi ülkelerin işgücünün bir parçası olarak ekonomilerine büyük ölçüde katkı sağladığını savunmaktadır. Bundan dolayı devletler bu göçmenleri belirgin bir yasal statü vererek tanımalıdır; bu aynı zamanda onlara ekonomik üyelik ve bazı haklar da verecektir. Nitekim, bu yazı, Türkiye’deki mevsimlik göçmen işçilerin üyelik statülerini, Türk mevzuatında onların yasal statülerini  sorunsallaştırarak, analiz etmektedir. Bu analiz aynı zamanda Avrupa Birliğinin üçüncü ülke vatandaşı mevsimlik işçiler üzerine politikalrından içeriklere de yer vermektedir. Bu yazı, analizi için mülakatlar ve etnografik gözlem kaynaklı birincil veri ve yasalar, resmi raporlar ve literatür kaynaklı ikincil veri kullanmaktadır.

Keywords

• Yasal Statü,Ekonomik Üyelik,Kozmopolitan Ahlaki Yaklaşım,Mevsimlik Göçmen İşçiler,Türk Politikaları

Legal Status and Economic Membership of Seasonal Migrant Workers in Turkey

Abstract

International labour migration is one of the most debated topics at international and state levels. State policies usually focus regular migrant workers under states’ jurisdiction, which often overlooks seasonal migrant workers who are arguably one of the most neglected groups because of their temporary and complex status. This paper takes a cosmopolitan moral approach in this study and argues that seasonal migrant workers constitute a part of the host country labour force contributing massively to states’ economy. Therefore, states ought recognise these migrants by giving them a clear legal status, which bestows them economic membership with some rights. Thus, this paper analyses the membership status of seasonal migrant workers in Turkey at policy level through problematising the legal status of migrant workers within Turkish legislation. It also provides insights from the European Union (EU) policies on third country national seasonal migrant workers. For the analysis, the paper uses primary data from interviews and ethnographic observation collected in Turkey; and secondary data derived from legislations, official reports and literature. 

Keywords

• Legal Status,Economic Membership,Cosmopolitan Moral Approach,Seasonal Migrant Workers,Turkish Polices

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