Türkiye’de Mevsimlik Göçmen İşçilerin Yasal Statüleri ve Ekonomik Üyelikleri

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 66 - 99, 15.12.2017

Süreyya Sönmez Efe

Abstract

Uluslararası işçi göçü, uluslararası ve
devlet düzeyinde en fazla tartışılan konulardan birisidir. Devlet politikaları
genellikle devletlerin yasal yetki alanlarının bünyesindeki düzenli göçmen
işçiler üzerinde yoğunlaşırlar; geçici ve karmaşık statülerinden dolayı tartışmaszı
en çok ihmal edilmiş gruplardan biri olan mevsimlik göçmen işçiler çoğunlukla
bu politikalar tarafından gözden kaçırılır. Bu yazı çalışmasında Kozmopolitan
ahlaki yaklaşımını esas alır ve mevsimsel göçmen ilişkilerin evsahibi ülkelerin
işgücünün bir parçası olarak ekonomilerine büyük ölçüde katkı sağladığını savunmaktadır.
Bundan dolayı devletler bu göçmenleri belirgin bir yasal statü vererek tanımalıdır;
bu aynı zamanda onlara ekonomik üyelik ve bazı haklar da verecektir. Nitekim,
bu yazı, Türkiye’deki mevsimlik göçmen işçilerin üyelik statülerini, Türk
mevzuatında onların yasal statülerini 
sorunsallaştırarak, analiz etmektedir. Bu analiz aynı zamanda Avrupa
Birliğinin üçüncü ülke vatandaşı mevsimlik işçiler üzerine politikalrından
içeriklere de yer vermektedir. Bu yazı, analizi için mülakatlar ve etnografik
gözlem kaynaklı birincil veri ve yasalar, resmi raporlar ve literatür kaynaklı
ikincil veri kullanmaktadır.

Keywords

Yasal Statü, Ekonomik Üyelik, Kozmopolitan Ahlaki Yaklaşım, Mevsimlik Göçmen İşçiler, Türk Politikaları

Legal Status and Economic Membership of Seasonal Migrant Workers in Turkey

Abstract

International labour migration is one of the
most debated topics at international and state levels. State policies usually
focus regular migrant workers under states’ jurisdiction, which often overlooks
seasonal migrant workers who are arguably one of the most neglected groups
because of their temporary and complex status. This paper takes a cosmopolitan
moral approach in this study and argues that seasonal migrant workers
constitute a part of the host country labour force contributing massively to
states’ economy. Therefore, states ought recognise these migrants by giving
them a clear legal status, which bestows them economic membership with some
rights. Thus, this paper analyses the membership status of seasonal migrant
workers in Turkey at policy level through problematising the legal status of
migrant workers within Turkish legislation. It also provides insights from the European Union (EU) policies
on third country national seasonal migrant workers. For the analysis, the paper
uses primary data from interviews and ethnographic observation collected in
Turkey; and secondary data derived from legislations, official reports and
literature. 

Keywords

Legal Status, Economic Membership, Cosmopolitan Moral Approach, Seasonal Migrant Workers, Turkish Polices

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