Montreal’deki Yaşlı Türk Göçmenler için İkili Mücadele

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 134 - 158, 15.06.2018

Okan Özdemir

Abstract

Bu
araştırmanın amacı topluluk destek hizmeti ile ilişkili olarak Kanada'da göçmen
olan Türk yaşlı kadınlara ve erkeklere dair topluluk çalışanlarının
perspektifinden sosyal desteği daha iyi anlamaktır. Yaşlı Türk göçmenlerle 2
yıldan fazla doğrudan çalışmış/çalışmakta olan topluluk çalışanları ile yarı
yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Topluluk çalışanlarının sosyal
destek hakkındaki bakış açıları aşağıdaki gibi merkezi sorular kullanarak
analiz edildi: 1. Sağlığın sosyal değişkenleri ve topluluk hizmetleri
düşünülürse sosyal desteği ne karakterize eder? 2. Topluluk destek sistemi nasıl
iyileştirilebilir? Analiz ve data yorumlaması sosyal yapılandırmacılık teorik
perspektifi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, topluluk destek sisteminin
yaşlı bireylere dil sorunlarıyla başa çıkmakta bilgilendirici destek ve
memleket özlemi ile mücadele etmekte duygusal destek sağladığını gösterdi.

Keywords

Yaşlılar, Türk göçmenler, sosyal destek, topluluk

Double Challenges for the Turkish Elder Immigrants in Montreal

Abstract

The
objective of this research is to better understand community workers’
perspectives about social support in relation with community support service regarding
Canadian Turkish immigrant elder women and men. Semi-structured interviews
carried out among community workers who have/had been directly working with
aged Turkish immigrants more than 2 years in Montreal. Community workers’ perspectives
on social support is analyzed using central questions as follows: 1. What
characterizes social support working with the elder immigrants considering
social determinants of health and the community services?  2. How would community support system be improved?  Analysis and interpretation of data were informed
by social constructionist theoretical perspective. Findings suggest that community
support system provides elder individuals informational support dealing with
linguistic challenges and emotional support in combatting homesickness.

Keywords

Elder people, Turkish Immigrants, social support, community

References

• Akkaymak, G. (2016). Social network development experiences of immigrants from Turkey to Canada. Journal of ethnic and migration studies, 42(15), 2611-2628.
• Berger, P. (1966). L./Luckmann, Thomas: The Social Construction of Reality. A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. New York: Garden City.
• Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied psychology, 46(1), 5-34.
• Berry, J. W., & Sam, D. L. (1997). Acculturation and adaptation. Handbook of cross-cultural psychology, 3(2), 291-326.
• Bryceson, D., & Vuorela, U. (2002). The transnational family: New European frontiers and global networks.
• Carspecken, F. P. (2013). Critical ethnography in educational research: A theoretical and practical guide: Routledge.
• Fokkema, T., & Naderi, R. (2013). Differences in late-life loneliness: a comparison between Turkish and native-born older adults in Germany. European Journal of Ageing, 10(4), 289-300.
• Gijsberts, M., Van Der Meer, T., & Dagevos, J. (2011). ‘Hunkering down’in multi-ethnic neighbourhoods? The effects of ethnic diversity on dimensions of social cohesion. European Sociological Review, 28(4), 527-537.
• Giles, L. C., Metcalf, P. A., Glonek, G. F., Luszcz, M. A., & Andrews, G. R. (2004). The effects of social networks on disability in older Australians. Journal of Aging and Health, 16(4), 517-538.
• Girvan, M., & Newman, M. E. (2002). Community structure in social and biological networks. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences, 99(12), 7821-7826.
• Hellermann, C. (2006). Migrating alone: tackling social capital? Women from Eastern Europe in Portugal. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 29(6), 1135-1152.
• Hussein, S., & Öglak, S. (2012). Older Turkish migrants in the UK: role of distinct culture, immigration histories and unmet care needs. Paper presented at the Turkish Migration in Europe Conference.
• Kim, J., & Nesselroade, J. (2003). Relationships among social support, self-concept, and wellbeing of older adults: A study of process using dynamic factor models. International journal of behavioral development, 27(1), 49-65.
• Kulla, G., Ekman, S.-L., & Sarvimäki, A. (2010). Experiential health from an ageing and migration perspective: the case of older Finland-Swedes. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 12(1), 93.
• Kwak, G., & Lai, W. (2012). Social support and elderly Korean Canadians: A case study in Calgary. Korean immigrants in Canada, 213-233.
• Marmot, M., Allen, J., Bell, R., Bloomer, E., & Goldblatt, P. (2012). WHO European review of social determinants of health and the health divide. The Lancet, 380(9846), 1011-1029.
• Morgan, D. L. (1990). Combining the strengths of social networks, social support, and personal relationships. Personal relationships and social support, 190-215.
• Morse, J. M. (1994). Designing funded qualitative research.
• Newman, M. E., & Girvan, M. (2004). Finding and evaluating community structure in networks. Physical review E, 69(2), 026113.
• Ozcurumez, S. (2009). Immigrant associations in Canada: Included, accommodated, or excluded? Turkish Studies, 10(2), 195-215.
• Padgett, D. K. (1998). Does the glove really fit? Qualitative research and clinical social work practice. Social Work, 43(4), 373-381.
• Palmberger, M. (2017). Social ties and embeddedness in old age: older Turkish labour migrants in Vienna. Journal of ethnic and migration studies, 43(2), 235-249.
• Patton, M. Q. (2005). Qualitative research. Encyclopedia of statistics in behavioral science.
• Pehlivan, S., Ovayolu, O., Ovayolu, N., Sevinc, A., & Camci, C. (2012). Relationship between hopelessness, loneliness, and perceived social support from family in Turkish patients with cancer. Supportive Care in Cancer, 20(4), 733-739.
• Robert, É. (2008). Les «Turcs» de Parc-Extension l'exemple d'un «ordre» communautaire.
• Ryan, L., Sales, R., Tilki, M., & Siara, B. (2008). Social networks, social support and social capital: The experiences of recent Polish migrants in London. Sociology, 42(4), 672-690.
• Schiffauer, W. (1991). Die Migranten aus Subay. Türken in Deutschland: Eine Ethnographie. Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta.
• Songur, W. (1992). Åldrandet i ett främmande land. Minoriteter och åldrandet: en engångstidskrift om äldre invandrare.
• Songur, W. (1992). Att åldras i främmande land: om mellanösternpensionärer i det svenska samhället: Stockholms socialtjänsts Forsknings-och utvecklingsbyrå.
• Songur, W. (1996). Äldre invandrare i tre europeiska städer: livsvillkor i ett jämförande socialpolitiskt perspektiv: Socialtjänsten, FoU-byrån.
• Torres, S. (2001). Understandings of successful ageing in the context of migration: the case of Iranian immigrants in Sweden. Ageing & Society, 21(3), 333-355.
• Torres, S. (2002). Att invandra till Sverige på äldre da’r: integrationsmöjligheter för’sent-i-livet’invandrarna. Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift, 9(4).
• Torres, S. (2006). Elderly immigrants in Sweden:‘Otherness’ under construction. Journal of ethnic and migration studies, 32(8), 1341-1358.
• Tošić, J., & Palmberger, M. (2016). Introduction: Memories on the Move—Experiencing Mobility, Rethinking the Past. In Memories on the Move (pp. 1-16): Springer.
• Wengler, A. (2011). The health status of first-and second-generation Turkish immigrants in Germany. International Journal of Public Health, 56(5), 493-501.
• Wu, Z., & Hart, R. (2002). Social and health factors associated with support among elderly immigrants in Canada. Research on Aging, 24(4), 391-412. Internet References
• National Household Survey, 2011 , https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E
• Statistics Canada,2004, http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/75-006-x/2014001/article/14042-eng.htm,accessed 01.09.2016
• Statistics Canada,2006, http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/75-006-x/2014001/article/16042-eng.htm,accessed 01.12.2016
• Statistics Canada,2012, http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/75-006-x/2014001/article/14042-eng.htm,accessed 27.09.2015
• Statistics Canada. 2012. Canada (Code 01) and Canada (Code 01) (table).
• Census Profile. 2011 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-XWE. Ottawa. Released October 24, 2012.
• Figure:
• Figure: Minimum number of occurance of a term from the formal interviews: 10
• Source: VOSviewer and transcript of the interviews of the respondents