Uluslararası Toplum Yaklaşımı Açısından Uluslararası Göç

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 319 - 350, 30.12.2022

Serdar Sarı

Abstract

Uluslararası toplum tarihsel bir süreçtir ve bugünkü görünümüne tarihsel süreç içerisinde dönüşümler geçirerek ulaşmıştır. Bu tarihsel süreç içerisinde devlet egemenliği ve insan hakları kimi zaman birbirlerini destekleyen kimi zaman da birbirleri ile çatışma içerisinde olan iki kavramdır. Soğuk Savaş'ın sona ermesi ve küreselleşmenin de etkisiyle uluslararası anlamda insan hareketliliğinde de bir artış yaşanmıştır. İç savaşlar ve çatışmalara uluslararası toplumun vaktinde ve etkili bir şekilde müdahale edememesi, ulusal sınırlar içinde ve uluslararası anlamda insan hareketliliğini zorunlu bir hale getirmiştir. Genel anlamda bir devletin kendi egemenlik sınırları içindeki vatandaşlarına yönelik sorumlulukları konusunda tartışmalı da olsa bir uzlaşmanın varlığından bahsetmek mümkündür. Fakat bir devletin kendi sınırları dışında yaşayan ve vatandaşlık bağı bulunmayan yabancılara yönelik sorumluluğu konusunda uluslararası aktörlerin üzerinde anlaşabilecekleri norm ve ilkeler henüz mevcut değildir. Yabancıların bir ülkenin egemenlik alanlarında sahip oldukları hak ve yükümlülükler bağlamında, devlet egemenliğini sınırlandırıcı birtakım normların varlığı mevcuttur. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada uluslararası topluma bir meydan okuma olarak beliren uluslararası göç olgusu bütüncül bir yaklaşımla ele alınmaya çalışılmış ve bu alanda uluslararası toplumun sorumluluğu sorgulanmıştır.

Keywords

Uluslararası toplum, uluslararası göç, devlet egemenliği, insan

International Migration In Terms Of the International Society Approach

Abstract

International society is a historical process and has reached its present form by undergoing transformations. In this historical process, state sovereignty and human rights are two concepts that both support and conflict with each other. With the end of the Cold War and the effect of globalization, there has been an increase in human mobility on the international scene. The inability of the international society to intervene in civil wars and conflicts in a timely and effective manner has also caused mandatory human mobility. In general, it is possible to talk about the existence of a consensus, even if there are some objections, about the responsibilities of a state towards its citizens within its borders. However, the responsibility of a state towards foreigners who live outside its borders and do not have citizenship connections is disputed. In the context of the rights and obligations that foreigners have in the sovereignty of a country, some norms limit state sovereignty. Therefore in this study, the phenomenon of international migration, as a challenge to international society, has been tried to be handled with a holistic approach and the responsibility of the international society has been questioned.

Keywords

International Society, International Migration, Sovereignty of States, Human Rights

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