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Lower lip cancers: analysis retrospectively for a period of 10-years

Year 2011, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 73 - 76, 01.03.2011

Abstract

Oral cavity cancers are reported to constitute 2-4% of all cancers. Being the most common among oral cancers, 95% of lip cancers are located on the lower lip, 4% on the upper lip and the remaining one percent at the commissure. The purpose of this article was to analyze retrospectively in lower lip cancer patients who were operated in our clinic. Between October 1999 and December 2009, 57 patients with lip cancer were analyzed retrospectively, with regards to their age, state of oral hygiene, etiological factors, nodal status at the first visit, period from the onset of symptoms to the patient's first application to our clinic, follow-up period, neck dissection, postoperative radiotherapy and the TNM classification of the tumors. Hereby, we aimed at presenting our results and comparing them with the current data. The mean ages of the patients were 63.21 years and 70.17% were male and the remaining 29.83% were female. General oral care and hygiene was good in 8.77% and bad in 49.12% of males and good in 5.35% and bad in 19.29% of females. 52.64% of males and 5.35% of females were active smokers, and 44.5% of all patients had lymphadenomegaly at first admission. According to TNM classification, 43.88% of patients had T1, 33.32% had T2, 17.53% had T3 and 5.27% had T4 tumors. The tumors were excised with 1 cm surgical margins and 39 patients had cervical lymphatic dissection. 33.34% of the patients were given postoperative radiotherapy. During the first two years postoperatively, 89.48% of the patients visited the clinic on a regular basis, however, the intervals between visits increased thereafter. Lip cancers are commonly seen in males of advanced age. Following treatment, a long survival is evident in cases of early staged tumors. With this study, we aimed at comparing our results with existing data in the literature.

References

  • 1. Baker SR, Krause CJ. Carcinoma of the lip. Laryngoscope 1980;90(1):19-27.
  • 2. Parkin DM, Laara E, Muir CS. Estimates of the worldwide frequency of sixteen major cancers in 1980. Int J Cancer 1988;41(2):184-97.
  • 3. Boring CC, Squries TS, Tong T, Montgomery S. Cancer statistics, 1994. CA Cancer J Clin 1994;44(1):7-26.
  • 4. Howell RE, Wright BA, Dewar R. Trends in the incidence of oral cancer in Nova Scotia from 1983 to 1997. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2003;95(2):205-12.
  • 5. Landis SH, Murray T, Bolden S, Wingo PA. Cancer statistics, 1999. CA Cancer J Clin 1999;49(1):8-31.
  • 6. Luce EA. Carcinoma of the lower lip. Surg Clin North Am 1986;66(1):3-11.
  • 7. Karanfil H, Mısırlıoğlu A, Toksoy S, Karaca M, Bilgiç Mİ, Aköz T. Kliniğimizde alt dudak kanseri nedeniyle opere edilen hastaların retrospektif analizi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol 2009;19(4):179-83.
  • 8. Öztürkcan S, Havlucu YD. Güneş hasarı etki mekanizması. Dermatose 2005;4(3):116-21.
  • 9. Moore S, Johnson N, Pierce A, Wilson D. The epidemiology of lip cancer: a review of global incidence and etiology. Oral Disease 1999;5(3):185-95.
  • 10. Hawk JIM. Cutaneous Photobiology. Chapter 21, In: Rook, Williams-Ebling, Textbook of Dermatology, 1992.
  • 11. Chi AC. Epithelal Pathology-Lip Vermillion Carcinoma. In: Oral Pathology and Maxillofacial Pathology. 3rd edition, Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Bouquot JE (eds), Philadelphia, 2009, p.414-20.
  • 12. Regezi JA, Sciubba JJ, Jordan RCK. Neoplasm-Lip Carcinoma. In: Oral Pathology, clinical pathological correlations. 4th edition Saunders, Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri, 2008, p.52-4.
  • 13. Jovanovic A, Schulten EA, Kostense PJ, Snow GB, van der Waal I. Tobacco and alcohol related to the anatomical site of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 1993;22(10):459-62.
  • 14. Ogden GR, Wight AJ. Etiology of oral cancer: Alcohol. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1998;36(4):247-51.
  • 15. Shah JP. In: Head and Neck Surgery, Mosby-Wolfe, 2nd edition, London, 1996, p.143-66.
  • 16. Gluckman J, Gullare P, Johnson J. In: Practical approach to the head and neck tumors. Raven Pres, 1st edition, New York, 1994, p.65-76.
  • 17. Bardach J. Local flaps and free skin grafts in head and neck reconstruction. Mosby Year Book, St. Louis, 1st edition,1992, p.69-86.
  • 18. Aston SJ, Beasley RW, Thorne CHM. Stile FL: Reconstructive surgery of the lips. Zide BM. In: Grabb and Smith’s Plastic Surgery. 5th edition, Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1997, p.483-500.
  • 19. Zide B. Deformities of the lips and cheeks. In: McCarthy JG. Plastic Surgery. Vol 3, 2nd edition, Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 1990, p.2009-56.
  • 20. Achauer BM, Erikson E, Guyuron B, Coleman III JJ, Russell RC, Vander Kolk CA. Reconstructive Lip Surgery. Coleman III JJ In: Plastic Surgery Indications, Operations, and Outcomes. Mosby, Vol 3, St. Louis, Behmand RA, Rees RS. 2000, p.1193- 209.

Alt dudak kanserleri: 10 yıllık retrospektif değerlendirme

Year 2011, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 73 - 76, 01.03.2011

Abstract

Tüm kanserlerin yaklaşık %2-4'ünü oral kanserlerin oluşturduğu rapor edilmiştir. Dudak kanserleri oral kanserlerinin en sık görülen formudur ve %95 alt dudakta, %4 üst dudakta ve %l oranında dudak kommisüründe yerleşir. Bu çalışmada, kliniğimizde opere edilen alt dudak tümörlü hastaların retrospektif olarak incelenmesi amaçlandı. Ekim 1999 ve Aralık 2009 tarihleri arasında Anabilim Dalı'mıza başvuran ve tedavileri yapılan 57 dudak kanserli hasta, ağız bakım ve hijyen durumu, yaş aralığı, ilk muayenede lenfadenopati varlığı, etyolojik faktörler, yapılan boyun disseksiyonu, cerrahi sonrası yapılan RT, lezyonların TNM sınıflamasına göre dağılımı, başvuru süreleri, takip ve kontrol süreleri açısından geriye dönük olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Hastaların yaşlarının ortalaması 63.21 yıl, olguların %70.17'si erkek, %29.83'ü kadın genel ağız bakım ve hijyen durumu erkeklerde %8.77 iyi, %49.12 kötü iken, kadınlarda %5.35 iyi, %19.29 kötü idi. Sigara kullanımı erkeklerde %52.64, kadınlarda %5.35, hastaların ilk başvuru muayenelerinde %44.50 inde LAP pozitifliği saptandı. TNM sınıflamasına T1 %43.88, T2 %33.32, T3 %17.53, T4 %5.27 olarak belirlendi. Dudak kanseri 1 cm cerrahi sınırla eksize edilip 39 hastaya da boyun disseksiyonu yapıldı. Cerrahi işlem sonrası %33.34 hastaya RT tedavisi verildi. Ameliyat sonrası kontrol sıklığı ve takipte, ilk iki yıl içinde %89.48 oranında düzenli kontrollerinin yapıldığı, ilerleyen sürelerde ise takip ve kontrollerin azaldığı saptandı. Dudak kanserleri ileri yaşta ve sıklıkla erkeklerde görülmektedir. Erken evre tümörlerde tedavi sonrası uzun sağkalım mümkün olmaktadır. Elde edilen verilerin ilgili kaynaklar doğrultusunda tartışılması amaçlanmıştır.

References

  • 1. Baker SR, Krause CJ. Carcinoma of the lip. Laryngoscope 1980;90(1):19-27.
  • 2. Parkin DM, Laara E, Muir CS. Estimates of the worldwide frequency of sixteen major cancers in 1980. Int J Cancer 1988;41(2):184-97.
  • 3. Boring CC, Squries TS, Tong T, Montgomery S. Cancer statistics, 1994. CA Cancer J Clin 1994;44(1):7-26.
  • 4. Howell RE, Wright BA, Dewar R. Trends in the incidence of oral cancer in Nova Scotia from 1983 to 1997. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2003;95(2):205-12.
  • 5. Landis SH, Murray T, Bolden S, Wingo PA. Cancer statistics, 1999. CA Cancer J Clin 1999;49(1):8-31.
  • 6. Luce EA. Carcinoma of the lower lip. Surg Clin North Am 1986;66(1):3-11.
  • 7. Karanfil H, Mısırlıoğlu A, Toksoy S, Karaca M, Bilgiç Mİ, Aköz T. Kliniğimizde alt dudak kanseri nedeniyle opere edilen hastaların retrospektif analizi. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol 2009;19(4):179-83.
  • 8. Öztürkcan S, Havlucu YD. Güneş hasarı etki mekanizması. Dermatose 2005;4(3):116-21.
  • 9. Moore S, Johnson N, Pierce A, Wilson D. The epidemiology of lip cancer: a review of global incidence and etiology. Oral Disease 1999;5(3):185-95.
  • 10. Hawk JIM. Cutaneous Photobiology. Chapter 21, In: Rook, Williams-Ebling, Textbook of Dermatology, 1992.
  • 11. Chi AC. Epithelal Pathology-Lip Vermillion Carcinoma. In: Oral Pathology and Maxillofacial Pathology. 3rd edition, Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Bouquot JE (eds), Philadelphia, 2009, p.414-20.
  • 12. Regezi JA, Sciubba JJ, Jordan RCK. Neoplasm-Lip Carcinoma. In: Oral Pathology, clinical pathological correlations. 4th edition Saunders, Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri, 2008, p.52-4.
  • 13. Jovanovic A, Schulten EA, Kostense PJ, Snow GB, van der Waal I. Tobacco and alcohol related to the anatomical site of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 1993;22(10):459-62.
  • 14. Ogden GR, Wight AJ. Etiology of oral cancer: Alcohol. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1998;36(4):247-51.
  • 15. Shah JP. In: Head and Neck Surgery, Mosby-Wolfe, 2nd edition, London, 1996, p.143-66.
  • 16. Gluckman J, Gullare P, Johnson J. In: Practical approach to the head and neck tumors. Raven Pres, 1st edition, New York, 1994, p.65-76.
  • 17. Bardach J. Local flaps and free skin grafts in head and neck reconstruction. Mosby Year Book, St. Louis, 1st edition,1992, p.69-86.
  • 18. Aston SJ, Beasley RW, Thorne CHM. Stile FL: Reconstructive surgery of the lips. Zide BM. In: Grabb and Smith’s Plastic Surgery. 5th edition, Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1997, p.483-500.
  • 19. Zide B. Deformities of the lips and cheeks. In: McCarthy JG. Plastic Surgery. Vol 3, 2nd edition, Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 1990, p.2009-56.
  • 20. Achauer BM, Erikson E, Guyuron B, Coleman III JJ, Russell RC, Vander Kolk CA. Reconstructive Lip Surgery. Coleman III JJ In: Plastic Surgery Indications, Operations, and Outcomes. Mosby, Vol 3, St. Louis, Behmand RA, Rees RS. 2000, p.1193- 209.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Arif Türkmen This is me

Ömer Berberoğlu This is me

Mahmut Nuri Karatoprak This is me

Mehmet Bekerecioğlu This is me

Mehmet Mutaf This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 17 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Türkmen, A., Berberoğlu, Ö., Karatoprak, M. N., Bekerecioğlu, M., et al. (2011). Alt dudak kanserleri: 10 yıllık retrospektif değerlendirme. Gaziantep Medical Journal, 17(2), 73-76.
AMA Türkmen A, Berberoğlu Ö, Karatoprak MN, Bekerecioğlu M, Mutaf M. Alt dudak kanserleri: 10 yıllık retrospektif değerlendirme. Gaziantep Medical Journal. March 2011;17(2):73-76.
Chicago Türkmen, Arif, Ömer Berberoğlu, Mahmut Nuri Karatoprak, Mehmet Bekerecioğlu, and Mehmet Mutaf. “Alt Dudak Kanserleri: 10 yıllık Retrospektif değerlendirme”. Gaziantep Medical Journal 17, no. 2 (March 2011): 73-76.
EndNote Türkmen A, Berberoğlu Ö, Karatoprak MN, Bekerecioğlu M, Mutaf M (March 1, 2011) Alt dudak kanserleri: 10 yıllık retrospektif değerlendirme. Gaziantep Medical Journal 17 2 73–76.
IEEE A. Türkmen, Ö. Berberoğlu, M. N. Karatoprak, M. Bekerecioğlu, and M. Mutaf, “Alt dudak kanserleri: 10 yıllık retrospektif değerlendirme”, Gaziantep Medical Journal, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 73–76, 2011.
ISNAD Türkmen, Arif et al. “Alt Dudak Kanserleri: 10 yıllık Retrospektif değerlendirme”. Gaziantep Medical Journal 17/2 (March 2011), 73-76.
JAMA Türkmen A, Berberoğlu Ö, Karatoprak MN, Bekerecioğlu M, Mutaf M. Alt dudak kanserleri: 10 yıllık retrospektif değerlendirme. Gaziantep Medical Journal. 2011;17:73–76.
MLA Türkmen, Arif et al. “Alt Dudak Kanserleri: 10 yıllık Retrospektif değerlendirme”. Gaziantep Medical Journal, vol. 17, no. 2, 2011, pp. 73-76.
Vancouver Türkmen A, Berberoğlu Ö, Karatoprak MN, Bekerecioğlu M, Mutaf M. Alt dudak kanserleri: 10 yıllık retrospektif değerlendirme. Gaziantep Medical Journal. 2011;17(2):73-6.