Quantum Cryptology and Cyber Security

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 53 - 64, 30.01.2021

Sadullah Çelik

https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.733309

Cited By: 1

Abstract

This study aims to explain how developing quantum technologies will affect the encryption systems used in the cyber security system with quantum algorithms. For this purpose, first of all, some algorithms commonly used in modern cryptography are given. Then, information is given about how Shor and Grover algorithms used in quantum computers will affect the algorithms used in modern cryptography. Recent developments in information and communication technologies have caused a great increase in the amount and speed of information produced and stored. This increase in the amount of information has also brought about some security problems. The security systems of businesses, banks, government agencies and other organizations are based on solving difficult mathematical problems. These problems take a long time to solve, even with the most powerful computers and modern algorithms. Studies in the literature show that quantum computers do not pose great security threats today. However, scientists predict that quantum computing will evolve faster than expected and reveal major security vulnerabilities. For this reason, the encryption systems of many organizations will face serious cyber security problems shortly. Both states and the private sector should anticipate these dangers today and be ready for security problems that may arise in the future.

Keywords

quantum cryptology, cyber security, Shor’s algorithm, Grover’s algorithm

Kuantum Kriptolojisi ve Siber Güvenlik

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı gelişen kuantum teknolojilerinin siber güvenlik sisteminde kullanılan şifreleme sistemlerini nasıl etkileyeceğini kuantum algoritmalarıyla açıklamaktır. Bu amaçla, çalışmada öncelikle, modern kriptografi de yaygın olarak kullanılan bazı algoritmalar verilmektedir. Daha sonra, kuantum bilgisayarlarda kullanılan Shor ve Grover algoritmalarının modern kriptografide kullanılan algoritmaları nasıl etkileyeceği hakkında bilgiler verilmektedir. Bilişim ve iletişim teknolojilerinde yaşanan son gelişmeler, üretilen ve saklanan bilginin miktarında ve hızında büyük artışa sebep olmuştur. Bilgi miktarındaki bu artış beraberinde birtakım güvenlik sorunlarını da ortaya çıkarmıştır. İşletmeler, bankalar, devlet kurumları ve diğer kuruluşların güvenlik sistemleri, zor matematiksel problemlerin çözülmesi esasına dayanmaktadır. Bu problemlerin çözülmesi, en güçlü bilgisayarlar ve modern algoritmalar kullanılsa bile çok uzun zaman almaktadır. Literatürde yapılan çalışmalarda bugün için kuantum bilgisayarların güvenlik açısından çok büyük tehlikeler oluşturmadığını göstermektedir. Ancak bilim insanları, kuantum hesaplamanın beklenenden daha hızlı gelişeceğini ve büyük güvenlik zafiyetlerini ortaya çıkaracağını ön görüyor. Bu nedenle yakın gelecekte birçok kuruluşun şifreleme sistemleri ciddi siber güvenlik sorunlarıyla karşı karşıya kalacaktır. Gerek devletlerin gerekse özel sektörün bu tehlikeleri bugünden ön görerek gelecekte ortaya çıkabilecek güvenlik sorunlarına şimdiden hazır olmaları gerekir.

Keywords

kuantum kriptolojisi, siber güvenlik, Shor algoritması, Grover algoritması

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