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Regulatory Approaches for the Protection of Personal Data of Unborn Children and Deceased Persons

Year 2022, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 331 - 338, 31.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.1100191

Abstract

The fact that the concept of protection of data belonging to individuals, which came to the agenda in order to expand the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals, is restricted to “living individuals” has led to some uncertainties and debates, especially in research and practice related to health. At the center of the discussions is the definition of “natural person” in both Turkish and European legislation. Although not directly within the scope of this definition, there are two basic situations that intersect and overlap with this definition for various reasons. One of them is the issue of protection of personal data related to unborn babies, and the other is the issue of protecting data of deceased persons.
In this study, regulatory approaches and functioning of personal data regarding unborn children and deceased persons in Turkey and Europe were examined. The various problems due to these facts have been evaluated and analytical regulatory approaches have been recommended.

References

  • Internet: Kişisel Verileri Koruma Kurulunun 18/03/2021 tarihli (https://kvkk.gov.tr/Icerik/7120/2021-241) ve 2021/241, 30/06/2020 tarihli ve 2020/507 Sayılı (https://kvkk.gov.tr/Icerik/6926/2020-507) ve 18/09/2019 Tarihli ve 2019/273 Sayılı (https://kvkk.gov.tr/Icerik/6710/2019-273) Kararları, 15.05.2022.
  • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party 01248/07/EN WP 136, Opinion 4/2007 on the concept of personal data, Belçika, 20 June 2007.
  • Explanatory Memorandum / Recommendation No.R (97) 5 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on the protection of medical data (Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 13 February 1997 at the 584th meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies).
  • B. G. Özcan Büyüktanır, “Ceninin Bedensel Bütünlüğünün İhlalinde Maddi Zararın Tazmini”, İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1), 275-302, DOI: 10.21492/inuhfd.403025.
  • Paton v. United Kingdom, European Commission of Human Rights 13 May 1980 (1981) 3 E.H.R.R. 408 Application No. 8416/78.
  • D. Cooper, “Re-defining “personal data” — can the opinion live up to the hype?”, Data Protectıon Ireland, 3(6), 7-10.
  • Explanatory Memorandum / Recommendation No.R (97) 5 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on the protection of medical data (Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 13 February 1997 at the 584th meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies).
  • Internet: https://gdpr.be/nederlands/genetic-data-unborn-children-subject-data-protection-gdpr/, 22.02.2022.
  • Internet: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_rights, 15.05.2022.
  • Member Council Of Europe Committee Of Ministers Recommendation No. R (97) 5 Of The Committee Of Ministers To States On The Protection Of Medical Data (Adopted By The Committee Of Ministers On 13 February 1997 At The 584th Meeting Of The Ministers' Deputies).
  • Internet: Legal position relating to unborn children, https://childlawadvice.org.uk/legal-position-relating-to-unborn-children/, 22.02.2022.
  • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, 01248/07/EN WP 136 Opinion 4/2007 on the concept of personal data, Adopted on 20th June.
  • K. Pormeister, Ł. Drożdżowski, “Protecting the Genetic Data of Unborn Children: A Critical Analysis”, European Data Protection Law Review, 4(1), 53, 2018.
  • Analysis of the legal and human rights requirements for genomics in and outside the EU, WP2 – Human Genetics and Genomics, task 2.2, 29 March 2019.
  • İ. Çepni, “Kadın Sağlığı ve Üreme Tıbbı Açısından Kişisel Sağlık Verileri, Saklanma”, Kişisel Sağlık Verileri IV. Ulusal Kongresi, Webinar, 24-25 Ekim, 2020.
  • A Practitioner's Guide To Information Sharing, Confidentiality And Consent To Support Children And Young People's Wellbeing, Version: January 2018.
  • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, 01248/07/EN WP 136, Opinion 4/2007 on the concept of personal data, 20 June 2007.
  • AB Konseyi Tutanakları, 4730/95 Re M.2(a) 8.2.1995.
  • E. Harbinja, “Does the EU Data Protection Regime Protect Post-Mortem Privacy and What Could Be The Potential Alternatives?”, SCRIPTed, 10(1), 2013.
  • Internet: Estonia, Personal Data Protection Act, http://www.legaltext.ee/text/en/X70030.htm, 15.05.2022.
  • Internet: Sweden, Personal Data Protection Act (1998:204), http://www.sweden.gov.se/content/1/c6/01/55/42/b451922d.pdf, 15.05.2022.
  • ICO Information about the deceased, 20130522 Version: 1.1.
  • Internet: The Data Protection Act, Act No. 502 of 23 May 2018, https://www.datatilsynet.dk/media/7753/danish-data-protection-act.pdf, 22.02.2022.
  • Internet: E. Harbinja, Does the EU Data Protection Regime Protect Post-Mortem Privacy and What Could Be The Potential Alternatives?, https://script-ed.org/article/eu-data-protection-regime-protect-post-mortem-privacy-potential-alternatives, 21.02.2022.
  • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, 01248/07/EN WP 136, Opinion 4/2007 on the concept of personal data, 20 June 2007.

Doğmamış Bebeklerin ve Ölmüş Kişilerin Kişisel Verilerinin Korunmasında Düzenleyici Yaklaşımlar

Year 2022, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 331 - 338, 31.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.1100191

Abstract

Bireylerin temel hak ve özgürlüklerini genişletmek amacıyla gündeme gelen bireylere ait verilerin korunması kavramı “canlı bireyler” ile kısıtlanmış olması özellikle sağlık ile ilgili araştırma ve uygulama konularında bir takım belirsizliklere ve tartışmalara yol açmıştır. Tartışmaların odağında ise hem Türkiye mevzuatında hem de Avrupa mevzuatında “gerçek kişi” tanımı yer almaktadır. Bu tanımın doğrudan kapsamı içinde yer almamakla beraber, bu tanımla çeşitli nedenler ile kesişen ve örtüşen iki temel durum söz konusudur. Bunlardan birisi doğmamış bebekler ile ilgili kişisel verilerin korunması konusu, bir diğeri ise ölmüş kişilere ait verilerin korunması konusudur.
Bu çalışmada, doğmamış bebekler ve ölmüş kişilere yönelik kişisel verilerin Türkiye ve Avrupa’da ele alınış ve işleyiş biçimleri irdelenmiştir. Bunların yol açtığı sorunlar değerlendirilmiş ve çözümsel düzenleyici yaklaşımlar ortaya konmuştur. 

References

  • Internet: Kişisel Verileri Koruma Kurulunun 18/03/2021 tarihli (https://kvkk.gov.tr/Icerik/7120/2021-241) ve 2021/241, 30/06/2020 tarihli ve 2020/507 Sayılı (https://kvkk.gov.tr/Icerik/6926/2020-507) ve 18/09/2019 Tarihli ve 2019/273 Sayılı (https://kvkk.gov.tr/Icerik/6710/2019-273) Kararları, 15.05.2022.
  • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party 01248/07/EN WP 136, Opinion 4/2007 on the concept of personal data, Belçika, 20 June 2007.
  • Explanatory Memorandum / Recommendation No.R (97) 5 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on the protection of medical data (Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 13 February 1997 at the 584th meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies).
  • B. G. Özcan Büyüktanır, “Ceninin Bedensel Bütünlüğünün İhlalinde Maddi Zararın Tazmini”, İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1), 275-302, DOI: 10.21492/inuhfd.403025.
  • Paton v. United Kingdom, European Commission of Human Rights 13 May 1980 (1981) 3 E.H.R.R. 408 Application No. 8416/78.
  • D. Cooper, “Re-defining “personal data” — can the opinion live up to the hype?”, Data Protectıon Ireland, 3(6), 7-10.
  • Explanatory Memorandum / Recommendation No.R (97) 5 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on the protection of medical data (Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 13 February 1997 at the 584th meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies).
  • Internet: https://gdpr.be/nederlands/genetic-data-unborn-children-subject-data-protection-gdpr/, 22.02.2022.
  • Internet: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_rights, 15.05.2022.
  • Member Council Of Europe Committee Of Ministers Recommendation No. R (97) 5 Of The Committee Of Ministers To States On The Protection Of Medical Data (Adopted By The Committee Of Ministers On 13 February 1997 At The 584th Meeting Of The Ministers' Deputies).
  • Internet: Legal position relating to unborn children, https://childlawadvice.org.uk/legal-position-relating-to-unborn-children/, 22.02.2022.
  • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, 01248/07/EN WP 136 Opinion 4/2007 on the concept of personal data, Adopted on 20th June.
  • K. Pormeister, Ł. Drożdżowski, “Protecting the Genetic Data of Unborn Children: A Critical Analysis”, European Data Protection Law Review, 4(1), 53, 2018.
  • Analysis of the legal and human rights requirements for genomics in and outside the EU, WP2 – Human Genetics and Genomics, task 2.2, 29 March 2019.
  • İ. Çepni, “Kadın Sağlığı ve Üreme Tıbbı Açısından Kişisel Sağlık Verileri, Saklanma”, Kişisel Sağlık Verileri IV. Ulusal Kongresi, Webinar, 24-25 Ekim, 2020.
  • A Practitioner's Guide To Information Sharing, Confidentiality And Consent To Support Children And Young People's Wellbeing, Version: January 2018.
  • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, 01248/07/EN WP 136, Opinion 4/2007 on the concept of personal data, 20 June 2007.
  • AB Konseyi Tutanakları, 4730/95 Re M.2(a) 8.2.1995.
  • E. Harbinja, “Does the EU Data Protection Regime Protect Post-Mortem Privacy and What Could Be The Potential Alternatives?”, SCRIPTed, 10(1), 2013.
  • Internet: Estonia, Personal Data Protection Act, http://www.legaltext.ee/text/en/X70030.htm, 15.05.2022.
  • Internet: Sweden, Personal Data Protection Act (1998:204), http://www.sweden.gov.se/content/1/c6/01/55/42/b451922d.pdf, 15.05.2022.
  • ICO Information about the deceased, 20130522 Version: 1.1.
  • Internet: The Data Protection Act, Act No. 502 of 23 May 2018, https://www.datatilsynet.dk/media/7753/danish-data-protection-act.pdf, 22.02.2022.
  • Internet: E. Harbinja, Does the EU Data Protection Regime Protect Post-Mortem Privacy and What Could Be The Potential Alternatives?, https://script-ed.org/article/eu-data-protection-regime-protect-post-mortem-privacy-potential-alternatives, 21.02.2022.
  • Article 29 Data Protection Working Party, 01248/07/EN WP 136, Opinion 4/2007 on the concept of personal data, 20 June 2007.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Computer Software
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Ali İnceefe 0000-0002-4969-9364

Abdulkerim Oğuzhan Alkan 0000-0003-3505-196X

Alper Tanrısever 0000-0001-9337-077X

Publication Date July 31, 2022
Submission Date April 7, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 15 Issue: 3

Cite

APA İnceefe, M. A., Alkan, A. O., & Tanrısever, A. (2022). Doğmamış Bebeklerin ve Ölmüş Kişilerin Kişisel Verilerinin Korunmasında Düzenleyici Yaklaşımlar. Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi, 15(3), 331-338. https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.1100191