Hücre Siklüsü ve Apoptoz

Abstract

Apoptoz ya da programlanmış hücre ölümü, tipik olarak belirgin morfolojik özellikleri olan, enerji bağımlı kendine ait biyokimyasal mekanizmalar ile karakterize bir olaydır. Apoptoz, normal hücre yenilenmesi, organizmanın gelişimi ve bağışıklık sisteminin işleyişi, embriyo gelişimi ve kimyasal kaynaklı hücre ölümü de dahil olmak üzere çeşitli süreçlerin önemli bir bileşeni olarak kabul edilir. Uygunsuz apoptoz, yani -apoptozun aşırı ya da gereğinden az oluşu- nörodejeneratif hastalıklar, iskemik hasar, otoimmün hastalıklar ve kanser türlerinin çoğu dahil olmak üzere birçok hastalığın oluşumunda rol oynayan bir faktördür. Bu nedenle hücre siklüsü ve apoptozun kontrolü ile ilgili sinyal yollarının araştırılması devam etmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, mevcut hücre siklüsü hakkında bilgi sağlamak, konunun morfolojisine, biyokimyasına bir göz atmak, apoptozun fizyolojik olaylar ve  bazı hastalıklardaki rolüne genel bir bakış sağlamaktır.

Keywords

• Hücre siklusu, apoptoz, programlı hücre ölümü

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