Mapping of the Yeşilova Ophiolitic Rocks with ASTER Multispectral Data in the Western Taurides, Southwest Türkiye

Year 2023, Volume: 58 Issue: 1, 40 - 74, 31.12.2023

Alper Şen , Mutlu Özkan , Ömer Faruk Çelik , Rahmi Melih Çörtük

Abstract

The multispectral ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) satellite data is widely used remote sensing data sources for lithological and mineralogical mapping. In this study, we aimed to identify and map the lithological units of the Yeşilova ophiolite and ophiolitic mélange (Western Taurides) with the multispectral ASTER L1T satellite data. For the identification of lithological units of the Yeşilova ophiolite, band ratioing and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods were applied to the spectral bands in the visible near-infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) regions of the ASTER dataset. The band ratios of VNIR-SWIR spectral bands (B1/B2, B3/B4, B4/B5, B4/B8, B5/B3, and (B6+B9)/(B7+B8)) indicate the formation of the main lithological units in the study area and were used for the mapping of the ophiolitic rocks. Similarly, the selected principal components of the PCA method and false-color composite images derived from the principal components (PC3, PC2, PC1, and PC5, PC4, PC2) yielded effective results in the identification of ophiolitic rocks. The application of mafic rock, calcite, and quartz indices to the thermal infrared (TIR) bands of ASTER has yielded successful results in the regional-scale identification of mafic-ultramafic lithologies of the Yeşilova ophiolite. The validation of the resultant images was carried out through fieldwork, and the results were highly consistent with the field data. In this context, the presented remote sensing techniques here provide evidence that they are an effective and useful approach in mapping lithological units of ophiolites and ophiolitic mélanges in the study area. As a result, it shows that the ASTER dataset is one of the effective tools for lithological mapping studies in geologically complex regions such as the Taurides.

Keywords

ASTER, ophiolite, Lycian nappes, mélange, remote sensing

Yeşilova Ofiyolitik Kayaçlarının (Batı Toroslar, Güneybatı Türkiye) ASTER multispektral verileriyle Haritalanması

Abstract

Multispektral ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) uydu verileri, litolojik ve mineralojik haritaların oluşturulmasında yaygın olarak kullanılan uzaktan algılama veri kaynaklarındandır. Bu çalışmada, multispektral ASTER L1T uydu verileriyle Yeşilova ofiyoliti ve ofiyolitik melanjına (Batı Toroslar) ait litolojik birimlerinin tanımlanması ve haritalanması hedeflenmiştir. Yeşilova ofiyolitine ait litolojik birimlerin belirlenmesi için ASTER veri setinin yakın kızılötesi (VNIR) ve kısa dalga kızılötesi (SWIR) bölümlerindeki spektral bantlarına, bant oranlama ve Temel Bileşen Analizi (PCA) yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. VNIR-SWIR spektral bantlarında uygulanan bant oranları (B1/B2, B3/B4, B4/B5, B4/B8, B5/B3 ve (B6+B9)/(B7+B8)), çalışma alanındaki ana litolojik birimlerin oluşumunu göstermiş ve ofiyolitik kayaçların haritasını üretmek için kullanılmıştır. Benzer şekilde, PCA yönteminin seçili temel bileşenleri ve bu temel bileşenlerinin (PC3, PC2, PC1, ve PC5, PC4, PC2) aldatıcı renkli kompozit görüntüleri ofiyolitik kayaçların tanımlanmasında etkili sonuçlar sağlamıştır. ASTER’in kızılötesi termal (TIR) bantlarına uygulanan mafik kayaç indeksi, kalsit indeksi ve kuvars indeksi gibi indekslerinin, Yeşilova ofiyolitine ait mafik-ultramafik litolojilerinin bölgesel ölçekte belirlenmesinde başarılı sonuçlar sunduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç görüntülerinin doğrulanması saha çalışmalarıyla gerçekleştirilmiş olup sonuçlar saha verileriyle tutarlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, burada sunulan uzaktan algılama tekniklerin çalışma alanındaki ofiyolit ve ofiyolitik melanjlara ait litolojik birimlerin haritalanmasında etkili ve yararlı bir yaklaşım olduğuna dair kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak ASTER veri setinin, Toroslar gibi karmaşık bir jeolojik yapıya sahip bölgelerde, litolojik haritalama çalışmaları için etkili araçlardan biri olduğu değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

ASTER, ofiyolit, Likya napları, melanj, uzaktan algılama

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