FUNGUS ISOLATION, DETERMINATION OF AFLATOXIN AND OCHRATOXIN A FROM Corylus avellana (HAZELNUT) SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM LOCAL MARKETS IN AFYONKARAHİSAR PROVINCE

Abstract

In our study, hazelnut samples taken randomly from 20 different markets in Afyonkarahisar were evaluated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for their aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), aflatoxin G2 (AFG2), total aflatoxin (AF) and ochratoxin A (OTA) contents. In addition, in order to determine the fungal contamination in the samples, fungus was isolated and classified at the genus level. According to the results obtained, the fungus was isolated from hazelnut samples in all regions except two localities. 1.8070 ng/ml AFG1 was found to be the highest aflatoxin amount in the central 5th sampling area. When the data obtained was evaluated, the detected aflatoxin amounts did not exceed the Turkish Food Codex limits. Therefore, no high potential risk was detected in the hazelnut samples in the study. However, in order to make a potential risk assessment; even if aflatoxin and ochratoxin are present in small amounts, they should be evaluated for the possibility of being taken into the body with various foods and accumulating in the liver in the long term, and this study will the basis for future studies. Additionally, there has been no previous study on this subject in Afyonkarahisar.

Keywords

• Aflatoxin
• Corylus avellana
• fungal contamination
• ochratoxin.

AFYONKARAHİSAR İLİNDE YEREL MARKETLERDEN TOPLANAN CORYLUS AVELLANA (FINDIK) ÖRNEKLERİNDEN FUNGUS İZOLASYONU, AFLATOKSİN VE OKRATOKSİN A MİKTARININ BELİRLENMESİ

Abstract

Çalışmamızda Afyonkarahisar’da rastgele 20 farklı marketten alınan fındık örnekleri aflatoksin B1 (AFB1), aflatoksin B2 (AFB2), aflatoksin G1 (AFG1), aflatoksin G2 (AFG2, toplam aflatoksin (AF) ve okratoksin A (OTA) içerikleri bakımından Yüksek Performanslı Sıvı Kromotografisi (HPLC) ile incelenmiştir. Ayrıca örneklerdeki fungal kontaminasyonu belirlemek amacıyla, fungus izolasyonu yapılarak genus seviyesinde sınıflandırılmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre iki lokalite dışında kalan tüm bölgelerdeki fındık örneklerinden fungus izole edilmiştir. Aflatoksin taramalarında merkez 5. örneklem alanında 1.8070 ng/ml AFG1 en yüksek aflatoksin miktarı olarak bulunmuştur. Elde edilen veriler değerlendirildiğinde tespit edilen aflatoksin miktarları Türk Gıda Kodeksi sınırlarını aşmamıştır. Dolayısıyla yapılan çalışma ile fındık örneklerinde yüksek potansiyel bir risk tespit edilmemiştir. Ancak potansiyel risk değerlendirmesinin yapılabilmesi için; az miktarlarda aflatoksin ve okratoksin varlığının çeşitli gıdalarla vücuda alınarak uzun vadede karaciğerde birikme ihtimali açısından da değerlendirilmesi gerekmekte olup, bu çalışma ileri çalışmalar için bir temel oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca daha önce bu konuda Afyonkarahisar’da yapılmış herhangi bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır.

Keywords

• Aflatoksin
• Corylus avellana
• fungal kontaminasyon
• okratoksin.

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